First, pay attention to the cultivation of students' artistic concepts.
The definition of the word "concept" in Ci Hai is the result of opinions, thoughts and thinking activities.
Therefore, the concept of art refers to the formation of a view or opinion about art through thinking. First, let students know that the value of art lies in discovery and creation. Since the 20th century, with the great expansion of artistic concept, many artists in the world are no longer limited to skills and imitating reality, but are exploring and creating in various fields such as artistic concept, artistic expression means and artistic language. These are exactly what we should learn from art education. Therefore, teachers should let students know that the most valuable thing in art is not skill and content, but constant discovery and innovation. If we use this artistic concept to guide and inspire students, instead of using traditional skills and methods to bind students, then students' creativity will gradually emerge. Secondly, let students know that the value of art lies in expression, and at the same time let students know that imitating and copying objective things is only a form of artistic expression. If we break through this traditional view of art, we will find that there are various forms of expression of beauty, which can be realistic (figurative) or non-realistic (abstract), and can also express people's subjective feelings and inner world outside real life. In the application of materials, in addition to the traditional paper and mud, we can also use the waste materials in life, such as bottles, cans, boxes, iron wires, ropes, foam boards, plastic boards and so on. With the development of contemporary science and technology, we can also make use of modern media for artistic creation, thus broadening the forms of artistic expression. In art teaching, we should pay more attention to the process of artistic creation and the feelings and experiences gained in this process. Third, let students know that art is closely related to life. Traditionally, works of art are created by artists. According to the concept of modern art, the value of art lies in continuous discovery and creation. There is no natural gap between ordinary people and artists, and everyone can become an artist. Therefore, in our art education, we should establish students' self-confidence, let students understand the social reality through art education, pay attention to modern life, encourage students to participate in art activities and enjoy art for life.
In specific teaching, we should do:
① In teaching, we should cultivate students to pay attention to the study of artistic language, explore formal factors such as color, line block and composition, and emphasize pure vision and sense of form.
② Using the basic methods of visual imagination, association, analogy generalization, decomposition and combination to process and create art, exploring the expressive skills and personality style, and also using the basic methods of abstract thinking such as analysis, synthesis, abstract generalization and induction and deduction to study artistic works and artistic phenomena.
Second, pay attention to the cultivation of students' independent thinking ability.
Independent thinking is the premise of discovery, breakthrough and creation. Without independent thinking, there is no creation. It can be said that without independent thinking, society cannot progress and science cannot develop.
In traditional art teaching activities, the cultivation of independent thinking ability is often ignored. In teaching, students imitate mechanically and accept passively according to the teacher's teaching requirements. Students basically have no independent thinking and independent ideas, and their initiative in learning cannot be brought into play. Therefore, in this curriculum reform, it is also emphasized to change students' "passive acceptance" into "active learning", and to carry out student-centered teaching in the classroom, so that students can think independently, constantly temper their thoughts and explore ways of expression in the process of expressing their thoughts and feelings with "shape, color and material". This kind of exploration behavior, which integrates thinking and creation, is very beneficial to improve the spirit of innovation and creativity. So, how to cultivate students' independent thinking ability in teaching activities?
In specific teaching activities, teachers should:
① In teaching, students should be given time and space to think independently. Teachers should not tell students all the answers to questions and ideas, but should guide students to ask questions themselves, understand things by themselves, let students actively find problems, conduct experiments and practice, and encourage students to take the initiative to learn. Only in this way can they cultivate their independent thinking ability and form the habit of independent thinking.
Respect every student: Art is an individual's mental work with a distinct and unique personality. In the teaching process, teachers should try to make students do more hands-on and practice, stimulate students to think in practice, urge students to find problems, and cultivate the ability and habit of independent thinking. Because everyone has different nature, hobbies and education levels, there are indeed great differences in art, but as a teacher, we must see the strengths of each student, promote the full development of students' potential, be good at guiding students to think from multiple angles, seize the sparks of students' wisdom, and encourage students to solve problems independently.
Third, pay attention to the cultivation of students' exploration and discovery ability.
The purpose of exploration and discovery is innovation. Without exploration, there is no problem. Therefore, it is necessary to protect and cultivate students' problem consciousness. Educator Yuan Zhenguo once said: "Although there is a problem, there may not be creation, but there is no problem and there must be no creation." Finding problems and being able to ask questions can be said to be the basis of innovative consciousness and creativity. In our teaching career, we will also have such experiences. When students have doubts, they will explore, discover and create. Reflecting on our traditional art education, we pay more attention to the cultivation of students' skills, and we don't need students to ask questions, especially when students ask some strange questions, which are often dissatisfied or reprimanded by teachers. Art education in some countries attaches great importance to cultivating students' innovative ability in problems. For example, the British curriculum standards require students to skillfully use various materials, techniques and techniques to cause reactions in turn, solve various problems by experiments, integrate various observations, concepts, emotions and intentions, and design and produce various works of art.
The new curriculum reform advocates "research-based learning", that is, a learning method that requires students to independently discover, explore and draw conclusions under the guidance of teachers. Therefore, art teachers should change the previous teaching method of simply imparting knowledge and skills, and pay more attention to guiding students to find and solve problems and dare to ask questions while imparting knowledge and skills, so as to give full play to students' intelligence and stimulate their curiosity and unique ideas.
Fourth, pay attention to the cultivation of students' divergent thinking ability
In art teaching, teachers should pay attention to guiding students to form divergent thinking, and ask students to overcome the mindset, not be bound and influenced by traditional concepts, methods and original knowledge, give full play to their imagination and think about the answers to questions from different angles and ways. This requires teachers to choose teaching content that is conducive to stimulating students' curiosity, touching students' curiosity and mobilizing students' enthusiasm and initiative. Bacon said: "Curiosity is the bud of knowledge", so the teaching content should be novel and interesting, which can fully arouse students' enthusiasm and initiative in learning, help to cultivate and protect students' interest and confidence in learning, attract students to learn actively with scientific, reasonable and interesting teaching methods, and stimulate their desire to express beautiful things and the impulse to create. People often say: "Interest is half the battle, and the teaching contents, teaching forms, teaching methods and means should be rich and vivid. Teachers should reform the traditional teaching contents, teaching methods and teaching modes, make use of colorful modern teaching means, and emphasize the enlightening and interesting learning contents to meet the requirements of the new curriculum reform and development. The spiritual connotation of the new curriculum reform breaks through the cultivation of the original art skills in art teaching, but pays more attention to the development of students' good comprehensive quality, the cultivation of students' creative ability, the improvement of students' personality quality and the transfer of students' knowledge. Therefore, the arrangement of students' schoolwork should be flexible, giving students room to give full play to their imagination. Einstein, a famous scientist, once said: "Imagination is more important than knowledge, because knowledge is limited, and imagination summarizes everything in the world, promotes progress and is the source of knowledge." This is the case with science. Artistic activities need imagination more. Without imagination, artistic conception cannot be created. Judging from the history of world art, most outstanding artists are imaginative, especially some masters of art since the 20th century, such as Picasso, Dali, Miro, Henry and Moore. , all show amazing creativity and imagination in their works. If every student draws the same picture or presents the same style, that is the taboo of creation. It is necessary to encourage students to dare to imagine illogically and boldly, and consciously urge students to think and operate from multiple channels and angles, so that students can freely express their skills and feelings happily without being bound by procedures, and then develop their creative thinking.
Secondly, in the teaching process, we should aim at students' different personalities and creative thinking, make full use of the situation, fully tap students' internal potential, and be good at discovering students' innovative spirit and creative ability, thus forming their valuable artistic personality and creative literacy.
Fifth, pay attention to building a scientific and reasonable evaluation mechanism.
Scientific and reasonable evaluation is the premise and guarantee to promote the expression of students' innovative ability, which can promote and improve students' learning enthusiasm and encourage students to show more wisdom in the process of production. The childhood experience of Walter Disney, a famous animation master, is worth learning. When he was in elementary school, he painted the flowers "potted flowers" of his teacher's homework as human faces and leaves as hands. This magical imagination, instead of being praised, was beaten by the teacher, which almost made the artist die early. Evaluation should encourage exploration and innovation, put an end to boredom and repetition, and attach importance to the cultivation and evaluation of personality. It is necessary to cultivate students with different innate qualities, different intelligence levels and different personality characteristics through artistic activities, so that every student can feel the joy and pride brought by success, so that students can establish self-confidence and consciousness in learning and promote all-round development. We should cancel the evaluation method that only uses one standard and one answer, and only seeks * * while ignoring personality, so as to prevent students from pursuing only the surface of their work.
Ron Fidel once said, "In art education, art is only a way to achieve an end, not an end. The purpose of art education is to make people more creative in the creative process and apply it to life and career, then an important goal of art education will be realized. " Our new curriculum reform also embodies this concept. The purpose of cultivating students' artistic innovation and creativity is to cultivate high-quality talents with all-round development and excellent personality, and to cultivate students' innovative ability, which is an arduous and far-reaching goal before every educator.