The so-called "quoting classics" refers to quoting classics, that is, copying words from other people's works as examples or basis to prove the correctness of one's views and conclusions. Of course, you need to copy the original text and indicate the source.

The so-called "borrowing" means borrowing other people's views to prove the correctness of your argument on the basis of understanding. As a report, of course, you can not stick to the original text, but you must not misinterpret the original intention. Borrowing ideas does not need to indicate the source. Because everyone's understanding will be different, the power of witness is not as strong as "quotation".

Writing a graduation thesis was a long time ago. My understanding is that references should not only be quoted in the original text, but also be clearly listed in the index at the end of the article.

In fact, using the original words can increase the role of literature. However, any form of reporting or explanatory quotation is not only disrespectful to the original author, but also does not play a key role and make the finishing point.

Just because you quote a document doesn't mean you can copy it in word. You should tell the results reported in the document in your own language, instead of copying and pasting directly, otherwise it is plagiarism. This often happens in the process of writing English papers. Many students copy one or even a few sentences directly from English documents and use them directly in their own articles without change. Strictly speaking, this is an academic moral issue, and we should pay attention to avoiding this situation.

More than 20/30% of duplicate checking software is plagiarism. There is nothing wrong with referencing files. What's wrong is that you don't have your own opinions, just pile up other people's opinions, just like a grocery store has everything, but you don't have your own ideas. Is this paper still called paper? You have to find a certain direction on the basis of literature, even branches and leaves, and you have found the characteristics of its survival and growth. And solving problems, your thesis must be the top advantage. Don't be big and complete. This is a taboo in the paper. Come on, come on, come on

Which articles can be cited as references, usually in the following situations:

(1) is helpful to explain the research background of this paper;

(2) Providing technology or methods;

③ As an important data source;

(4) Related to expressing one's own views, whether it is for or against, or some agree with some differences, it is worth leading this article out for readers to analyze, draw lessons from, judge and comment;

⑤ It is enlightening or helpful for scientific research. Therefore, the citation of references must follow the basic principles of novelty, accuracy, completeness and standardization. Therefore, the references cited in writing medical papers must meet the following requirements:

1. Quote the latest and most important key documents as much as possible. Except for a few historical documents, it is best to use those within the last 3-5 years, and use less old, inferior, long-lived or commonly known in textbooks, and avoid using irrelevant documents. Literature that has been cited for a long time is generally classic, or literature with which the author argues and discusses a conclusion. Listing historical sources, technical methods, cited data and works with similar or opposite views closely related to the author's research as references can provide readers with information about the above contents.

For biomedical literature, the price index should be 50% ~ 70%. If the price index is higher than 70%, it can be explained that the research topic closely follows or represents the current highest level of the subject. Price index is an important index to evaluate the timeliness of citing references, which can be used to evaluate the publishing value of medical papers. It is defined as the percentage of the number of documents published in a paper in the last five years to the total number of cited documents in the paper, which is expressed by the formula:

Price index = × 100%

As can be seen from the formula, the more documents cited in the last five years, the higher the price index. In fact, it reflects the aging degree of the cited literature.

2. References must be officially published, mainly referring to the officially published original works. Unpublished or unpublished papers, translations, abstracts or observation materials, internal information, personal consultation or communication, etc. Cannot be used as a reference document. If you need to quote, you should indicate the author, title, publication year, volume number, issue number, page number, etc. You can insert text in parentheses. If a periodical is not published, the author is told that it will be published. Generally can't quote. Under special circumstances, the name of a periodical can be marked as "to be published" or "being printed" in brackets.

3. The cited documents must be read by the author himself. Don't quote other people's used literature, that is, you can't extract it directly from the references of reviews or other papers, so as not to reduce the importance of targeted literature just by having a few articles. Generally, secondary literature cannot be cited. For those who have not consulted or found the original documents, unless they must be cited, the word "quoted from" should be added before the source of the information, and the original documents cannot be written directly. Reading in person has obvious inspiration and help for this study, and it is forbidden to quote and record references unrelated to this research paper.

4. When quoting classic works of traditional Chinese medicine, it is not included in the description of references, but brackets can be added after the sentences or paragraphs quoted in the text to indicate the source. For example, the papers cited in Ling Shu Ben Cang pian, Yin Xiang Da Lun and Shang Han Lun Xu. With the excavation of traditional Chinese medicine heritage and the increase of international exchanges, the number of papers on traditional Chinese medicine research is increasing day by day. Authors should correctly quote and record the classic works of traditional Chinese medicine when writing medical papers.

5. Pay attention to the references cited must be few and precise, and the references that are dispensable and of low academic value should be deleted. At present, the number of references cited by some medical journals in China is obviously limited, with no more than 10 for works and no more than 25-30 for reviews. However, some people argue that as long as the above requirements are met, the necessary documents can still be cited and should not be rigidly restricted.