10, Chinese

Chinese is also called Chinese (the official language of China), Mandarin (Southeast Asia), Mandarin (China people and Mandarin) and Chinese (Japanese, Korean, etc. Other names include Chinese (usually classical Chinese), Chinese, Tang Wen, Tang Hua and Chinese. Chinese is an analytical language of Sino-Tibetan language family, with tones. Chinese characters are a kind of linguistic signs, which have certain phonetic and ideographic functions. Chinese includes written language and spoken language. Ancient written language is called classical Chinese, while modern written language generally refers to modern standard Chinese. There are many dialects in modern Chinese, some of which are quite different in spoken language, while the written language is relatively unified.

9. The Great Wall

The Great Wall was built in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and in the Yan Dynasty. The Great Wall has a history of more than 2000 years. Today's Wan Li Great Wall refers to the Great Wall built in the Ming Dynasty, which starts from Hushan in Dandong City, Liaoning Province in the east and reaches Jiayuguan in Gansu Province in the inland area in the west. In 20 12, National Cultural Heritage Administration announced that the total length of the Great Wall in China was 21196.18km, which was distributed in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, etc. Previously, National Cultural Heritage Administration released the survey data of the Ming Great Wall for the first time in 2009, and the total length of the Ming Great Wall in China was 8851.8km. ..

8. Confucius

Confucius (55 1-479) was a thinker, politician, educator and founder of Confucianism in the late Spring and Autumn Period. Because my parents prayed for the birth of a child on Niqiu Mountain, they named it Qiuzi. Lu (now southeast of Qufu, Shandong Province) was born. He edited poetry books, defined rites and music, prefaced Zhouyi and wrote Chunqiu. Confucius' thoughts and theories have far-reaching influence on later generations.

6.mogao grottoes

Mogao Grottoes, commonly known as Thousand Buddha Cave, is located in Dunhuang at the western end of Hexi Corridor. Founded in the pre-Qin period of the Sixteen Countries, after the Sixteen Countries, Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties, Five Dynasties, Xixia and Yuan Dynasties, it has formed a huge scale, with 735 caves, 45,000 square meters of murals and 24 15 clay sculptures. It is the largest and richest Buddhist art site in the world. 196 1 year, the Mogao grottoes were announced by the people of China and the State Council as one of the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units. 1987, Mogao grottoes was listed as a world cultural heritage. Mogao Grottoes, Yungang Grottoes in Datong, Shanxi, Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang, Henan, and Maijishan Grottoes in Tianshui, Gansu are also called the four major grottoes in China.

5. Silk

Silk is a kind of textile, which is woven from silk or synthetic fiber, artificial fiber and long silk. The general name of the fabric interwoven by pure silk or rayon. The working people of the Han nationality were the first people to invent and use silk on a large scale. The silk products they made opened the first large-scale commercial exchange between the East and the West in the history of the world, which was called the "Silk Road". Since the Han Dynasty, China's silk has been shipped abroad in large quantities and has become a world-famous product. At that time, China's road to the west was once called "Silk Road" by Europeans, and China was also called "Silk Country".

4. Peking Opera

Peking Opera is one of the five major dramas in China, featuring Xipi and Huanger, accompanied by Huqin and gongs and drums, and is regarded as the quintessence of China. Since the 55th year of Qianlong reign in Qing Dynasty, the four Huizhou classes, Sanqing, Sixi, Chuntai, Hechun and Rejuvenation, which used to perform in the south, have successively entered Beijing. They cooperated with artists in Hubei, accepted some plays, tunes and performance methods of Kunqu Opera and Shaanxi Opera, and absorbed some local folk tunes. Through constant communication and integration, Peking Opera was finally formed. After the formation of the drama, it began to develop rapidly in the Qing court until the Republic of China achieved unprecedented prosperity. Peking Opera is an important means to interpret and spread the traditional culture of China. It is distributed all over China with Beijing as the center. 2010 165438+1October16, Peking Opera was successfully written into UNESCO's Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.

3. Kung Fu

Kung Fu, also known as Wushu, Wushu and Kung Fu (English), is not only a kind of Wushu, but also a simple boxing sport. It is the crystallization of national wisdom, the embodiment of Han traditional culture and the unique "martial culture" in the world. The core of the thought is the Confucian theory of neutralizing and nourishing qi, and at the same time, it combines the quietness of Taoism and the meditation of Buddhism, forming a profound martial arts system. It pays attention to both rigidity and flexibility, both internal and external, with a vigorous and beautiful appearance and profound and elegant connotation, which contains the ancient philosophers' understanding of life and the universe. It is a valuable cultural heritage accumulated by the Han people in China for a long time. China Kung Fu has a wide influence in the world. There are not only a large number of Chinese and foreign film and television works with the theme of China Kung Fu, but also China Kung Fu, such as Shaolin, Taiji and Wing Chun, which are widely circulated all over the world. At present, China traditional kungfu, which has been fully preserved and developed in Hongkong, has been introduced into Shenzhen Dameisha Yantian Sports Center.

2. Temple of Heaven

Tiantan Park is a world cultural heritage, a national 5A-level tourist attraction and a national key cultural relic protection unit. Located in the southeast of Zhengyangmen in Beijing, 3 kilometers away from the center of Beijing, it is a special altar for emperors of Ming and Qing Dynasties to worship heaven, pray for rain and pray for a bumper harvest. It is the largest and most perfect ancient architectural complex in the world. 19 18 officially opened.

1, acupuncture

Acupuncture is China's unique method to treat diseases. It is a medical skill of "treating internal diseases externally". It treats systemic diseases through the conduction of meridians and acupoints and the application of certain operation methods. Acupuncture consists of "acupuncture" and "moxibustion", which is one of the important components of oriental medicine. Its contents include acupuncture theory, acupoints, acupuncture techniques and related instruments. In the process of its formation, application and development, it has distinct Chinese culture and regional characteristics, and is a valuable heritage based on Chinese culture and scientific tradition.