With the development of social economy, the relationship between enterprises has been strengthened. The accounting management of current accounts and the reconciliation skills between enterprises are the main work contents of each enterprise's financial department, which has great influence on the financial management and development of enterprises. China's social and economic system is gradually improving, and enterprises are constantly updating their management methods, especially in financial management. At present, enterprises are strengthening the accounting management of related party transactions and inter-enterprise account transactions. Related party transactions are the main forms of economic interest transfer and tax evasion among enterprises. This paper introduces the contents of enterprise's related party transactions, analyzes the problems existing in enterprise's internal account reconciliation, and probes into and analyzes the solutions to related party transactions reconciliation.

Keywords: enterprise related party transaction reconciliation solution

At present, the transactions between enterprises are more and more frequent, which not only effectively meets the needs of economic growth of enterprises, but also reduces the transaction costs of enterprises accordingly, and avoids the risk of enterprise management well. On the other hand, related party transactions are generally economic activities of listed companies, mainly transferring resources between listed companies and related parties, but they may also be used by listed companies to seek related interests. With the frequent economic activities among enterprises, there are many problems in related party transactions, so it is of great significance to construct an effective reconciliation solution for related party transactions.

I. Overview of affiliated transactions of enterprises

Related party transactions are transactions with related parties of enterprises. The related parties of an enterprise are mainly composed of the following situations: on the one hand, they control or exert significant influence on the other side; Control or exert significant influence on the other party in various ways; On the one hand, one or more aspects have a great influence on the other two aspects. These relationships generally occur in the financial or specific business relationships of enterprises, also known as inter-enterprise related transactions. The forms of related transactions between enterprises are mainly the transfer of related resources between enterprises and the mutual transfer of some mandatory matters. At the same time, there is no correlation between the production of these related transactions and the actual collection of prices.

At present, in the development and operation of Chinese enterprises, it has gradually become a common phenomenon for enterprises to transfer economic benefits and evade taxes through related transactions. In 2006, China implemented new management norms and guidelines, clarified the contents of related parties in enterprise related transactions, greatly developed this related relationship, standardized information disclosure, and enhanced the specific implementation capacity [2]. Although the new rules regulate the related party transactions of enterprises to a certain extent, many enterprises are still using some improper means to illegally operate profits due to the pursuit of interests, which affects the normal related party transactions of enterprises.

Second, the main reasons why it is difficult to check the accounts of related party transactions within the current enterprise

At present, the accounting check of related party transactions within enterprises has always been an important issue affecting the annual final accounts of enterprises. There are differences between internal account transactions and other related transactions, which brings difficulties to the execution of offset entries in enterprise financial management. Therefore, it is difficult to analyze the phenomenon of internal audit, and the existing problems mainly include the following aspects:

(a) It is difficult to identify many affiliated units and widely manage their operations.

The identification of related parties is the premise of standardizing the accounting of related party transactions, which directly affects the comprehensiveness of external disclosure. Although the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises No.36-Disclosure of Related Parties provides an institutional basis for the definition of related parties, at this stage, large enterprises are developing in the direction of collectivization, and some subordinate enterprises of large group companies are diversified in nature, mainly involving some engineering enterprises, manufacturing enterprises, design units, sales companies, and branches and business departments established by non-independent legal persons. There are many subordinate units and complicated subordinate relations, which pose great challenges to the professional judgment of financial personnel. At the same time, the business between these enterprises and units is more complicated, and the increase of related party transactions also increases the difficulty of management.

(2) The settlement time between related parties is different.

Due to the consideration of internal management, contract signing and performance evaluation between related parties, there are many differences in accounting and closing time standards of internal transactions of enterprises, which leads to the unsynchronized confirmation of income and related costs of enterprises, and the inconsistent signing and confirmation of reconciliation.

(3) The bill is not delivered in time.

The bills of both parties in related party transactions are not delivered in time, mainly because on the one hand, the payee fails to invoice in time, on the other hand, the agent of the payer fails to send the invoice to the financial department in time, or due to limited factors such as insufficient budget, the bills cannot be paid in the current period. However, the payee has handled the income or suspense according to the sales price, and the payer has not received the invoice, so it can only be recorded through the estimation grid, resulting in the inconsistency between the transaction amount and suspense amount of both parties in the same accounting period.

(4) The historical transactions of both parties are inconsistent.

In the process of merger, division and reorganization of enterprises, due to the problems left over from the history of enterprises, the early accounts of enterprises are unclear and there are differences. At the same time, enterprises did not carefully check the current accounts and actively formulate solutions afterwards, which made it difficult to reconcile the current accounts.

(E) The management of internal transaction contracts is not standardized.

Signing a transaction contract can maximize the interests of enterprises, realize economic benefits and maintain the healthy and stable development of enterprises. However, there are many irregularities in the contract signing management of internal transactions. Mainly because the two parties to the transaction did not sign the contract or did not sign the contract in time, the contract changed in the subsequent implementation, which caused the differences on suspense between the two parties. One party did the suspense treatment, and the other party didn't because of the price. Finally, there are differences in accounting between the two parties, which leads to inconsistent reconciliation.

(6) There are differences between the confirmation of project construction income and the accounting of suspense.

According to the provisions of the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises, the recognition and measurement of income should be based on the actual transactions or events, and not only the actual collection or invoicing as the standard of income recognition. However, in engineering construction accounting, the invoice amount is often inconsistent with the completion situation, which leads one party to calculate accounts receivable according to the completion progress and the other party to calculate accounts payable according to the invoice situation.

Three. Measures to be taken in the reconciliation of related party transactions of enterprises

In order to solve the above problems in related party transaction reconciliation, it is suggested that enterprises start from the following aspects:

(1) Improve the related party transaction system and process.

To strengthen the management of related party transactions, first, through the process construction of related party transactions system, clear and standardize the detailed rules of related party transactions, and play a guiding role. Second, in the definition of related party units and related party transactions, the list of related party units should be regularly sorted out and published, and the list of related parties should be updated in time according to the changes in the ownership structure, laying the foundation for enterprises and subordinate units to identify related parties and related party transactions in advance. The third is to form a supervision mechanism for the whole process of related party transactions, establish an in-process monitoring and post-event feedback mechanism for related party transactions, and establish a management mechanism for information communication and coordination between the financial department and the business management department. Fourth, strengthen the supervision of unsettled related party transactions, speed up the settlement, find out the reasons for the projects that cannot be settled in a short time one by one, implement the responsible person, speed up the work progress, and incorporate them into the annual financial assessment project of the enterprise. Fifth, if the current accounts are inconsistent due to historical problems, it is necessary to establish an investigation mechanism, hire external audit assistance, and speed up the clean-up.

(B) to strengthen the management of bills

It is necessary to strengthen the management of enterprise-related bills and record them in time, especially the related business bills at the end of the year should be delivered in time, and some ongoing businesses should be effectively communicated and confirmed by both parties to minimize the phenomenon of unilateral suspense.

(3) Standardize the management of internal transaction contracts.

In order to standardize related party transactions and truly disclose related party transaction information, enterprises must realize standardized contract management. Especially for the purchase and sale business and the provision of labor services between internal units, contracts must be signed before the business begins to be performed to ensure that transactions and accounts are paid according to the contracts. For some group companies, the signing of external contracts is not timely, which affects the signing of internal contracts. After the external contract is signed, the internal contract should be signed in time to realize standardized management.

(4) Standardize the accounting of related party transactions.

The accuracy of accounting directly affects the final reconciliation result, so it is of great significance to standardize the accounting of related party transactions. First, the related party transactions of enterprises should be reflected in the whole process. If the collection and payment business is carried out by direct transfer or telegraphic transfer through current account accounting as far as possible, a reference ledger should be established according to the actual invoice. Second, due to the different closing time or unsettled business of enterprises, when measuring income and cost, it should be handled in accordance with the contract or the principle of consensus between the two parties. Both parties must sign each other's amount and workload to achieve accurate accounting of the current accounting transactions. Third, the payment business with affiliated enterprises should follow the principle of posting first and then writing off, that is, when the funds are settled, accounts payable, other payables and advance receipts are credited and debited for writing off; If there is expected loss, the original expected loss voucher should be written off in red ink in the same direction at the time of formal settlement to avoid inflating the current amount of current accounts.

(5) Do a good job in guiding and training related party transactions.

There are many kinds of related party transactions, which will inevitably lead to problems in the accounting process. For some units with accounting problems, enterprises should also provide some help, find out the specific reasons, help improve relevant management measures, track the investigation in time, and ensure the accuracy of accounting check of related transactions of enterprises.

Because each unit of an enterprise attaches different degrees of importance to related party transactions, it is necessary to strengthen the training of related party transactions positions and management personnel of each unit and improve the understanding of related party transactions from the ideological point of view. At the same time, smooth business communication channels, establish a related party transaction coordinator system, solve problems in settlement in time, and ensure the smooth settlement.

Four. Concluding remarks

At present, relationship transaction is an important way of economic activities among enterprises, which involves many account transactions and has an important impact on financial management and accounting of enterprises. In particular, there are many problems in internal accounting of enterprises, such as bookkeeping and suspense, poor handling of invoices and documents, which leads to inaccurate accounting between enterprises and affects the development of enterprises. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the management of internal accounting work in enterprises, standardize the degree of correlation and effectively solve the accounting problems of enterprises.

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