As we all know, the most basic safety protection system on the road is the use of safety facilities, which can ensure efficient, safe and comfortable driving. The following is a paper on traffic safety rectification measures that I brought to you. I hope you like it.
Road traffic safety facilities play an important role in maintaining traffic order, ensuring safe, fast and comfortable driving and giving full play to the traffic function of roads. This paper analyzes the main types, existing problems, design principles and installation requirements of road traffic safety facilities for reference.
Road traffic; Safety facilities; Problems; Setting measures
First, the main types of traffic engineering safety facilities
1. Traffic guardrail refers to the guardrail that plays a protective role in traffic road engineering. According to its specific position in urban roads, it can be divided into three types: guardrails on both sides of roads, guardrails in the middle of roads or guardrails on bridges. Or traffic barriers can be divided into three types according to different building materials: concrete barriers, corrugated beam barriers and cable barriers. The main function of traffic guardrail is to prevent vehicles from moving to the outside of the road for various reasons, hitting the guardrail and flying out of the road, or changing the left and right lanes of vehicles due to out of control during road traffic, posing a threat to other vehicles and pedestrians on the road.
2. Traffic signs refer to all kinds of traffic signs set up in traffic engineering to protect the road structure or ensure smooth road traffic. Usually, traffic signs will directly indicate warnings, no traffic or road signs indicating directions. The types of traffic signs are single column, double column, single arm suspension, double arm suspension, gantry and attachment.
3. Traffic marking refers to the directional marking drawn on the road surface to provide direction guidance for vehicles and pedestrians and divide traffic areas in traffic road engineering, which plays a very important role in ensuring the safety and smoothness of road traffic.
4. Movable guardrail refers to the movable facilities that are temporarily opened in traffic engineering to facilitate the passage of special vehicles when one side of the road is closed. It has certain isolation performance and can keep its own fast and flexible movement.
Second, the problems of road traffic safety facilities
1, the setting standard of roadside guardrail is low.
Insufficient investment in roadside guardrails leads to frequent traffic accidents. The low setting standard of safety guardrail is an important cause of traffic accidents. If thin cement columns or stone piers are used, this protection facility only serves as a warning. The main reasons for the serious damage of guardrail are that the density of foundation soil is not enough, the depth of foundation is not enough, and the columns are driven into loose soil, which is easy to cause traffic accidents.
2. The traffic signs are incomplete and seriously damaged.
At intersections, steep slopes, sharp bends, high fills and other sections of urban roads, the number of necessary traffic signs is not enough, and the information provided to drivers is incomplete, which increases the probability of traffic accidents. In addition, although the necessary traffic safety facilities have been set up, the facilities are aging or damaged, so the driver can't distinguish the specific content of the sign, and the sign has lost its function.
3. The traffic signs are not clear
On urban roads, there is a lot of traffic. Under the action of long-term traffic load, the markings are often badly worn and blurred, and drivers can only judge the route by feeling. If the vehicle does not follow the lane, it will lose control, reduce the speed, and have a scraping collision, which will seriously affect the traffic flow.
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Third, the design principles of road traffic safety facilities
1, normative principle
The design of urban road traffic safety facilities should first follow the principle of standardization, that is, the design of color, graphics, lighting and the use of materials must be implemented in accordance with international and domestic standards. 1978 10 the ninth international meeting of the technical Committee on safety color standards of the international organization for standardization adopted regulations that red, yellow, green and blue are internationally accepted safety colors, and red indicates prohibition, stop and danger; Yellow indicates attention and tips; Green means traffic and safety, and blue means instruction and compliance. Therefore, these colors should be used in the design of urban road traffic safety facilities in China, and safety colors should be used in the design of road traffic signs in China to distinguish signs with different functions. At the same time, the light source of urban traffic lights in China should comply with the relevant provisions of the signal light standard GB14887-2011. The text, graphics, size, structure, materials, reflection, lighting and manufacturing technology of traffic safety facilities shall meet the requirements of relevant clauses in GB50688-20 1 1. The requirements of signs and markings shall meet the requirements of relevant clauses in GB 5768.2 ~ 3-2009. The standardization of urban road traffic safety facilities design can ensure the unified management of traffic safety facilities when they are set up and used, which is convenient for traffic participants to identify and mark.
2, the principle of moderation
Traffic safety facilities are responsible for maintaining traffic order, ensuring smooth and safe roads and reducing traffic accidents. However, the more traffic facilities are installed, the safer the roads will be. For example, some warning isolation facilities were originally designed to isolate vehicles on dangerous sections, but too many warning isolation facilities may increase the possibility of friction collision between vehicles and facilities themselves, thus increasing the driving danger. Therefore, the design of urban road traffic safety facilities should be judged by the number of vehicles, the number of lanes and the surrounding environment.
3. The principle of visibility
In the process of driving, 80% of the road traffic signals received by drivers are provided by visual channels, so vision is an important channel for drivers to obtain external information. In the existing urban road traffic safety facilities, there are reflective materials on the surface of traffic signs, and traffic lights are illuminated by LED light sources, which can give drivers and pedestrians obvious traffic information tips. However, in some special cases, the vision of drivers or pedestrians will be limited. For example, during traffic jams, large vehicles in front will block small and medium-sized vehicles in the rear, forming a blind spot for drivers in the rear, making it impossible for drivers to obtain traffic information in front at the first time; In bad natural weather, such as rain, snow, fog, etc. The visual perception of traffic participants will also decline, and the traffic lights and signs in front will not be recognized, which will easily lead to slow driving and congestion; When driving at night, the driver's eyes are tired, the sight distance is obviously reduced, and it is easy to produce glare when overtaking, which makes the driver nervous. Therefore, designers should give priority to the visibility when designing urban road traffic safety facilities, and improve drivers' visual sensitivity through the design of safety facilities, so that they can receive effective traffic information in time and prevent accidents.
Four, road traffic safety facilities set measures
1. Setting of guardrail
Because the corrugated beam guardrail is the most widely used, this paper mainly analyzes the setting principles of the corrugated beam guardrail. In general, the setting principle of ordinary corrugated beam guardrail is that the height of subgrade fill in the whole line is set at the roadside of the road section higher than 2 m, located at the bridge head and on both sides of the passage, and a reinforced corrugated beam guardrail is set at the roadside of the road section 8m away from the bridge head. The roadside guardrail of high-grade highway should be set with a minimum length of 70m. When the distance between two roadside guardrails is less than 100m, corrugated beam guardrails shall be set continuously.
2. Setting of signs
The setting of signs is mainly based on the traffic characteristics of roads, so that drivers can obtain traffic information timely and effectively during driving, and ensure the traffic safety of expressways while correctly guiding vehicles, thus giving full play to the role of expressways. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the setting of signs meets the setting standards while playing a corresponding role, and can be coordinated with the surrounding environment to avoid the setting of traffic signs being too abrupt and affecting the beautiful environment.
3. Marking Settings
First of all, we must ensure the edge line of four lanes. Secondly, zebra crossings and guide arrows are set at intersections, toll stations and other places, and signs of deceleration zebra crossings are set. Finally, we should draw marking lines in proper positions.
4. Setting of anti-glare facilities
Anti-glare facilities installed on bridges can be divided into anti-glare boards, fan-shaped anti-glare boards and anti-glare nets. On the isolation belt in the middle of the road, the planted vegetation not only meets the functions of beautifying the city and purifying the urban air, but also plays an anti-glare role, so it becomes one of the types of anti-glare facilities. When setting up anti-glare facilities, the best angle of the road should be 8 degrees, and in most cases, green should be used to match the surrounding green belts to coordinate the surrounding environment and ensure the beauty of the environment.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) conclusion
In short, in road construction, we should attach great importance to the setting of safety facilities, improve the construction of safety facilities, ensure road traffic safety, and build a solid road safety defense line.
References:
Jiang Tao. On the setting of expressway traffic safety facilities [J]. Northern Traffic, 2014,9 (5): 30-32.
[2] Shi Maoqing. Study on the design of road traffic safety facilities [J]. Urban roads, 20 13, 12 (2): 13- 15.
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