The full name of the O Prize is the outstanding winner, which is translated into the grand prize in Chinese and is the highest prize in the United States. First of all, the proportion of O prizes is very low. Take 20 14 USA as an example: questions A and B1* * 6755 teams, * * * with 13 O bonus; C topic1* *1028 team, ***6 O prize. In other words, each question has thousands or even thousands of teams, but the teams that won the O prize for this question are all single digits (usually six or seven). This ratio is still very low. In 20 14, the proportion of MCM winning the o prize is about 1/500, and that of ICM winning the o prize is about 1/200.
Because of such a low proportion, this award has a legendary color in the domestic mathematical model circle. Many schools with good strength in China have never won an O prize in history. For example, in Hubei, only our school won. A school with excellent mathematical model strength like Wu Da (the National Cup won the Higher Education Cup) only got an F in the United States, which is almost worse than an O. In our school, which session someone won the O prize will also be the big news of the mathematical model base. Papers will be circulated as model essays, and teachers in the base will repeatedly explain and analyze O-prize papers in front of younger brothers and sisters. Because there are many first prizes in the national and American competitions every year, our school also gives O prizes every few years.
The general process of inquiry begins with finding and asking questions. After finding the question, make assumptions about the answer to the question according to your existing knowledge and life experience. Design investigation scheme, including selection of materials, design methods and steps, etc. I make an inquiry according to the inquiry scheme, get the result, and then analyze whether the result is consistent with the hypothesis, so as to draw a conclusion. Not all questions need to be explored once to get a correct conclusion. Sometimes, because the method of inquiry is not perfect, wrong conclusions may be drawn. Therefore, after drawing a conclusion, we should reflect on the whole inquiry process. The general methods and steps of inquiry experiment are: asking questions, making assumptions, making plans, implementing plans, drawing conclusions, expressing and communicating.
The common methods of scientific inquiry are observation, experiment, investigation and data analysis.
Observation is the basic method of scientific inquiry. Scientific observation can be made directly with the naked eye, with the help of magnifying glasses, microscopes and other instruments, as well as cameras, video recorders, video cameras and other tools, and sometimes measurement is needed. Scientific observation should have a clear purpose; Observation should be comprehensive, meticulous and realistic, and recorded in time; Planned and patient; Think positively and record in time; It is necessary to exchange views and discuss. The design of the experimental scheme should closely focus on the questions and assumptions raised. When studying the influence of a condition on the research object, experiments with the same conditions except this condition are called control experiments. General steps: find problems and ask questions; Collect information related to the problem; Make assumptions; Design the experimental scheme; Conduct experiments and record them; Analyze experimental phenomena; Draw a conclusion. Investigation is one of the common methods of scientific inquiry. When investigating, we must first make clear the purpose and object of the investigation and make a reasonable investigation plan. Sometimes, due to the large scope of investigation, we must select some objects as samples during the investigation. In the process of investigation, we must record it truthfully. We must sort out and analyze the survey results. Sometimes it is necessary to use mathematical methods for statistics. Collecting and analyzing data is also one of the common methods of scientific inquiry. There are many ways to collect data. Go to the library to consult books, newspapers and periodicals, visit relevant people and collect them online. The forms of data include words, pictures, data and audio-visual materials. It is necessary to sort out and analyze the obtained data, find answers and explore clues.