Huang Weiyuan (19211215-20117), a native of Putian, Fujian, is an organic chemist, one of the founders of organic fluorine chemistry in China, and an academician of China Academy of Sciences.
Huang Weiyuan 1943 graduated from the Chemistry Department of Fujian Christian University and stayed as a teaching assistant; 65438-0947 entered the Department of Chemistry of Guangzhou Lingnan University to pursue a master's degree. 1949 After graduation, he was recommended to study for a doctorate at Harvard University. 65438-0952, continued to be a postdoctoral researcher after graduating from the chemistry department of Harvard University. 1955 returned to China and worked in Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Successive associate researcher, researcher, deputy director and director. 1980 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences; 1984 to 1988, vice president of China academy of sciences; 1986- 1990 as the chairman of chinese chemical society; 1994 won the Science and Technology Progress Award of He Liang Heli Fund; 1997 won the Tan Kah Kee Science Award.
Huang Weiyuan engaged in the research of steroid chemistry and natural product chemistry in his early years. In order to meet the needs of national economic development, he turned to the study of organic fluorine chemistry and fluorine-containing materials in the late 1950s, and successively developed fluorine oil, fluorine plastics, fluorine rubber, fluorine-containing surfactants and fluorine-containing blood substitutes. 1982 discovered sulfonation dehalogenation, and then developed the chemistry of perfluoroalkylsulfinate and perfluoroalkylsulfonyl halide.
Chinese name: Huang Weiyuan
Nationality: China.
Place of birth: Putian City, Fujian Province
Date of birth:19211215.
Date of death: 2015165438+10/7.
Occupation: educational and scientific research worker
Graduate school: Harvard University, USA
Main achievements: 1980 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences.
Representative works: Research on organic fluorine chemistry and progress of high-tech organic polymer materials in China.
Political Views: party member, Producer Party of China.
The life of the character
19211February 15. Huang Weiyuan was born in an intellectual family in Putian City, Fujian Province.
1September, 938, Huang Weiyuan was admitted to the Chemistry Department of Fujian Christian University to study pre-medical courses.
194 1 autumn, Huang Weiyuan was admitted to Peking Union Medical College. However, due to the fall of Beiping soon, he had to stay in the chemistry department of Fujian Christian University.
1July, 943, Huang Weiyuan was hired as a teaching assistant by the school one year before graduation.
1April, 947, Huang Weiyuan entered the Department of Chemistry of Lingnan University in Guangzhou to study for a master's degree, and his tutor was Professor Kong Xianbao.
1949 In September, Huang Weiyuan graduated from the Department of Chemistry of Lingnan University with a Master of Science.
1February, 950, Huang Weiyuan was recommended by Professor Ceng Chao Ming, then head of the Department of Chemistry of Lingnan University, to pursue a doctorate at Harvard University in the United States, and studied steroid chemistry under the guidance of Professor L.F.Fieser, an organic chemist.
From June 65438 to June 0952, Huang Weiyuan graduated from the Department of Chemistry of Harvard University with a doctorate in organic chemistry, and then continued his postdoctoral research in the Department of Chemistry of Harvard University.
1June, 955, Huang Weiyuan returned to China despite many difficulties. In September, he joined Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences as an associate researcher, researcher, deputy director and director.
1959, Huang Weiyuan joined China * * * Production Party.
1980165438+10 In October, Huang Weiyuan was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences.
1July 1984, Huang Weiyuan served as the vice president of Shanghai Branch of China Academy of Sciences (until1June 1988). In the same year, he served as the third director of Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (to 1987).
1September 1985, Huang Weiyuan was elected as the director of IUPAC (until1September 1993).
From 65438 to 0986, Huang Weiyuan served as the chairman of chinese chemical society (to 1990).
2015438+065438+1October 17 at 9: 38 am, Huang Weiyuan died in the United States at the age of 94.
Major achievements
achievements in scientific research
Huang Weiyuan engaged in the chemical research of natural products in his early days and made great achievements in the synthesis of steroid drugs. In the late 1950s, in order to meet the needs of national construction, we turned to the field of organic fluorine chemistry and fluorine-containing materials, developed a series of key fluorine-containing materials for China's national economy and national defense construction, discovered and systematically studied the famous sulfitation dehalogenation reaction in the field of fluorine chemistry, and developed the chemistry of perfluoroalkyl sulfite and sulfonyl halide.
In Huang Weiyuan's master's thesis, the chemical constituents of Chinese herbal medicine Lepidium chinense were selected as the topic, and a nitrogen-containing compound was isolated from it, which was found to be a known substance, and a short article was published in the Journal of American Chemical Society. During the period of 1949, when he was studying for a doctorate at Harvard University in the United States, he developed a new method in Professor L.F. Fieser's laboratory to transfer the hydroxyl group of taurocholic acid from 12- to 1 1-.
From 65438 to 0955, Huang Weiyuan returned to China and continued his research on chemical constituents and steroid chemistry of Chinese herbal medicines. At that time, one of his basic achievements was to determine the C24 absolute configuration of phytosterols by the method of configuration correlation through chemical transformation. From 65438 to 0958, due to the needs of national economic development and the subsequent development of the international situation, his research work also changed. First, he turned to boron-hydrogen chemistry, and then he participated in the research of fluorine organic chemistry and fluorine-containing materials. These aspects of work were blank in China at that time. The Institute has organized a large number of scientific and technological forces and established various fluorination methods from scratch, including electrolytic fluorination production equipment and electrochemical fluorination devices. All the basic raw materials have to be prepared by themselves, and finally all the tasks will be completed in time, and the production department will provide urgently needed fluorine-containing grease and fluorine-containing polymer. After completing the above-mentioned military tasks, he gradually carried out scientific research on some civilian products on the basis of the established organic fluorine chemistry laboratory.
In the mid-1970s, a new fluorine-containing surfactant was synthesized, which was used as chromium fog inhibitor in electroplating industry under the trade name of F-53. Subsequently, fluorocarbon oxygen carrier was studied, and its emulsifier can be used as preservation solution and blood substitute for isolated organs. At the end of 1970s, as a subject of applied basic research, Huang Weiyuan cooperated with others to design a new fluorine-containing monomer and tried to synthesize high-performance fluorine-containing elastomer. However, in the process of monomer synthesis experiment, a new reaction was unexpectedly found. This reaction can convert perfluoroalkyl halide into corresponding sulfite in one step, with mild reaction conditions, high yield and cheap and easily available reagents, which is called sulfinylation dehalogenation reaction. In the process of in-depth study, it was found that the reaction was carried out by single electron transfer mechanism. The reaction produces perfluoroalkyl, which can be used for perfluoroalkylation of organic compounds. Therefore, over the years, Huang Weiyuan's research work has mainly focused on the following aspects: (1) Seeking various sulfinylated dehalogenation reagent systems, and at present, sodium hydrosulfite is considered as the best reagent; ② The chemistry of perfluoroalkyl sulfinate was developed, and it was found that these compounds can also be used as the source of perfluoroalkyl radical through single electron oxidation; ③ Preparation of corresponding sulfonic acid and its derivatives from perfluoroalkyl sulfinate. For example, perfluoroalkyl sulfonyl bromide and iodine. , systematically study the reaction performance of the latter; (4) The synthesis of fluorine-containing alkyl-substituted organic compounds was studied by using the properties of free radical reaction in the above three aspects. The predecessors have done a lot of work on perfluoroalkyl radical, and the innovation of Huang Weiyuan is that the reaction can be carried out under mild and convenient conditions through the above reaction system. He used different types of reactions such as olefins, alkynes and aromatic compounds to transform these reaction products and understand the properties of the final products. He synthesized some natural products substituted by fluoroalkyl groups, such as monosaccharides, steroids, amino acids and oligopeptides. Some fluorinated alkyl substituted aromatic heterocyclic compounds, porphyrin derivatives, crown ethers, cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and so on were also synthesized. Recently, new fluoropolymer monomers and polymers are being studied.
According to the statistics of Tan Kah Kee Science Prize Foundation in August, 20 19, Huang Weiyuan published more than 190 papers in domestic and foreign academic journals.
Official website, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, shows that in August of 20 19, Huang Weiyuan has successively won two third prizes for scientific and technological achievements of the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, two third prizes for scientific and technological progress of China Academy of Sciences, two second prizes for scientific and technological progress of China Academy of Sciences and one first prize for scientific and technological progress of China Academy of Sciences 1 item.
personnel training
Huang Weiyuan has served as a member of the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council and director of the Academic Degrees Committee of Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences for a long time, which has played an important role in the construction of postgraduate system in China, especially in the postgraduate training of Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry.
Since 1978, Huang Weiyuan has started his master's and doctoral studies since the country resumed the postgraduate system. According to official website 20 19 of Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huang Weiyuan has trained 2 1 person of graduate students and 29 doctoral students.
Honor recognition
social service
Personal life
Huang Weiyuan's father, Huang, is a professor at Fujian Christian University and Xiamen University. Mom does housework. Huang Weiyuan's childhood wish was to "be a doctor, save the world and save mankind".
1947, Huang Weiyuan and Chen Yufeng got married. 1955, his wife, Chen Yufeng, got a visa to study in the United States, but in order to make her husband realize his long-cherished wish of serving the motherland at an early date, she was considerate and resolutely gave up her dream of studying in the United States for many years and fully supported her husband's career.
Personality assessment
Huang Weiyuan engaged in steroid chemistry and natural product chemistry in his early years, and made outstanding achievements, laying the foundation for China's steroid medicine industry. After that, he made outstanding contributions to organic fluorine chemistry, and found that sulfonylation dehalogenation in fluorine chemistry provided a convenient new method for the synthesis of perfluoroalkylsulfinic acid and sulfonic acid, thus developing the chemistry of haloalkylsulfinic acid, fluoroalkylsulfonyl bromide and fluoroalkylsulfonyl iodide. He has also made great contributions to the successful development of fluorine-containing oil, fluorine-containing plastics, rubber, fluorine-containing surfactants and fluorine-containing blood in China. (Review by He Liang Heli Foundation)
Mr. Huang Weiyuan devoted his life to the motherland and science. His hard work, independent innovation, pragmatism, modesty and preciseness have made important contributions to the creation and development of chemistry in China, especially organic fluorine chemistry. His extraordinary performance and noble character set a brilliant example for future generations. (Review by Chinese Academy of Sciences)
Personality influence
20 1 1 year, chinese chemical society established the "chinese chemical society Huang Weiyuan Fluorine Chemistry Award" named after Huang Weiyuan.