Company: Toshiba Hydropower Equipment Hangzhou Co., Ltd. Name: Liu Zhifeng Type of Work: Crane Worker Date: 2010/. Safety operation rules for crane operators 1. Before driving, carefully check whether the mechanical and electrical parts of the equipment and protective safety devices are in good condition and reliable. If the controller, brake, limiter, bell, emergency switch and other components and accessories fail, lifting is strictly prohibited. 2. You must obey the instructions of the hook lifting personnel, but if someone sends an emergency stop signal, you should stop immediately. The crane operator can only operate after receiving the instruction signal, and the crane should ring the bell first when starting. When operating the controller handle, shift from zero gear to first gear, and then gradually increase or decrease the speed. When reversing, you must first turn back to the "zero" position. 3. When approaching the hoisting limiter, the car is near the terminal or meets the adjacent crown block, the speed should be slow. It is forbidden to use reversing instead of braking, limit instead of parking, and emergency switch instead of ordinary switch. You should walk and get up and down on the designated safe walkways, special platforms or escalators. Except for maintenance, people are not allowed to walk on both sides of the cart track. Pedestrians are strictly prohibited on the trolley track, and it is not allowed to cross from one crown block to another. 4. When the workpiece stops, it is forbidden to hang the lifting object in the air. In the process of operation, when someone or heavy objects fall on the ground, the bell should be rung for warning. It is forbidden for the hoisted object to cross the head of a person, and the hoisted object should not be too high from the ground. When the crane is running with no load, the hook must be more than three meters off the ground, and when there is an obstacle, it must exceed the top of the obstacle by 0.5 meters. 5. Two crown blocks lifting an object at the same time must be approved by the leader, and the load of each vehicle shall not exceed the rated load of the vehicle. Cars must run at the same speed in two days, and the distance should be more than two meters. Listen to the command of a special person and keep in step. 6. During operation, keep a certain distance between the crown block and the crown block. Personnel are prohibited from going up and down, and maintenance and debugging of machinery are prohibited. When overhauling the crown block, stop at a safe place, cut off the power supply, put up a warning sign of "No Approaching", set up a fence on the ground and put up a sign of "No Passing". 7. When lifting large-tonnage objects, try to lift them to a height of 200~300MM from the ground, and ensure that the hanging is smooth, the braking is good, the rigging is complete, and then slowly rise and run. It is forbidden to operate three control handles at the same time. 8. If power is suddenly cut off during operation, the switch handle must be placed in the "0" position. The lifting pieces are not allowed to leave the cab until the rigging is lowered and unhooked. If a sudden failure occurs during operation, resulting in molten steel leakage or suspension slipping, emergency measures must be taken to land in an unmanned place. 9. In case of storm, lightning strike or gale of magnitude 6 or above, stop the operation, cut off the power supply and block the wheels in front and back. There should be enough lighting for night work. The complete operation of the gantry crane shall be carried out in accordance with this regulation. When exercising, pay attention to whether there are obstacles on the track. When lifting tall objects and obstructing the line of sight, special personnel shall be assigned to monitor and command on both sides. 10. When traveling, you must consciously "do not lift": (1) Do not lift when exceeding the specified load. (2) the command signal is unknown, the weight is unknown, and the light is dim. (3) The hanging rope and accessories are not fastened, which does not meet the safety requirements. (4) The crane shall not hang heavy objects for direct processing. (5) it hangs askew. (6) Do not hang people standing on the workpiece or live animals floating on the workpiece. (7) Do not lift explosives such as oxygen cylinders and acetylene generators. (8) The angular gap is not well padded, so it shall not be hoisted. (9) Do not hang buried objects. 1 1. After the work is finished, the crown block should be stopped at the specified position, the hook should be raised, the trolley should be driven to both ends of the track, and the control handle should be placed in the "zero" position to cut off the power supply. 2. The normal use, regular inspection and reasonable maintenance of the crane can ensure the normal installation of the crane and prolong its service life. I. Maintenance of Metal Structure The bridge is the most important part of the crane's metal structure, and the maintenance is directly related to the performance and safety of the crane. Therefore, more attention should be paid to maintenance during use. 1. It is necessary to avoid starting, braking and colliding with another crane. 2, regularly check the main beam, broken beam weld, found cracks should stop using the implementation of heavy welding. 3. When the main girder is found to have residual deformation or unstable abdomen, notify the owner to stop using it and repair it. 4, in order to prevent the corrosion of the metal structure, regular paint anticorrosion. 5, regularly check whether the connecting screws are loose. Second, the maintenance of the main components 1, wire rope lubrication regularly, clean up the old grease before lubrication, found that the number of fractures at any twisted joint exceeds 12, should be scrapped and replaced immediately. 2. Bearings must be lubricated and oiled regularly. If it is found that the temperature is too high and the noise is very loud, check it carefully and replace it if it is damaged. 3. When the wheel wears more than 30% or cracks appear, it should be updated. The relative deviation of the working diameters of the two main wheels after uneven wear should not exceed 1/600 of the smuggling main wheel. If the deviation exceeds the tolerance, it is allowed to turn again, but it shall not be less than the original nominal diameter10 mm ... 4. The reducer shall not be short of oil and shall be replaced regularly. If abnormal noise is found, it shall be repaired in time. 5. Check the brake of the lifting hook once a day and the brake of the operating mechanism once every 2-3 days. During inspection, pay attention to whether all parts of the brake wheel system are flexible, the tile should be attached to the brake wheel without damage on the surface, the side clearance is equal when the brake wheel is opened, and the rated lifting weight of the brake of the hoisting mechanism must be 1.25 times. 6. The brakes of the traveling mechanism should stop the cart and the car in time, but not too tightly, so as to avoid the wheel slipping, causing vibration and impact. If the brake smokes or smells burnt, it means that the temperature of the pad and the brake wheel is too high (it should not exceed 20℃), so the gap must be increased at a high speed and moderately. The surface of the brake wheel should be smooth and polished with kerosene. Three. Maintenance of electrical equipment In order to ensure the safe work of the crane, you must be familiar with the causes and troubleshooting methods of various faults of the crane. 1. In order to prolong the service life of crane electrical equipment, electrical equipment should always be kept clean, such as resistors, control panels and contactors. Remove dust, dirt and attachments inside and outside to prevent leakage, breakdown and short circuit. 2. Always observe whether the brush contact of motor rotor sliding line is bad and whether there is wear or not. 3. Whether the sounds made by motors, brakes and relays are normal. 4, check the cam controller, contactor contact whether there is singeing phenomenon, if there is, should be replaced in time or use emery cloth after polishing. 5. When the service conditions are bad, the motor, wires and insulation resistance should be measured regularly, and attention should be paid to the insulation cycle of the conductive sliding wire bracket and the grounding of the equipment shell. 6, the rust on the slide rail must be removed at any time, keep the conductive parts in good contact. 7, electrical equipment installation is firm, whether there is any loose phenomenon, whether the moving parts rotate flexibly, whether the lubrication is proper (contactor magnetic surface loss is not Planck radiation formula decontamination). Four. Precautions for safe operation 1. Do not lift heavy objects that exceed the rated lifting capacity of the crane. 2. It is forbidden to lift the goods over your head. 3. When working high above the ground, the hook position shall not be lower than the height of people. 4, it is forbidden to use hook cable-stayed heavy objects or buried heavy objects. 5. The sudden reversal of the motor shall not be used as the brake of the operating mechanism, and this remedy is only allowed when an extremely unexpected accident occurs. (except for strong braking of working belt above 16tc) 6. It is forbidden to use limit switches as power-off devices for normal operation. The limit switch can only work when the operating equipment stops unexpectedly or the driver neglects to operate. 7. Every time the crane is started, the warning signal must be displayed first. 8, when lifting heavy objects close to the rated load, should first consider whether the brake is stable, to ensure safety. 9. Strictly abide by the safety regulations issued by factories, mines and relevant departments. 10, operation is the driver's basic job. Whether the operation is reasonable or not plays an important role in production efficiency, product quality, safety production and equipment life, so the driver operates according to the operating rules. 1 1. When the voltage is too low and the power supply is interrupted, the main switch power supply is disconnected, and all controller handles are at zero position. 12, it is forbidden for the operator to leave the crane with the lifting object or put down the hook. 13. After parking, the driver must put the crane in braking state and lock the main switch after cutting off the power supply. 14, the crane duty record should be handed over to the succession driver at the end of work, so as to facilitate the reasonable operation after the succession.