To write a high-quality scientific paper, we should pay attention to the following points:

First, choose a good topic.

When writing a scientific essay, we should first consider what to write, that is, the topic. Topic selection is the key to writing a good paper. We should pay attention to the following principles: the value principle, that is, the theoretical value and practical value of the topic. It should be enlightening, instructive and referential to other students. The principle of feasibility refers to the possibility of subjective and objective conditions, that is, the writer's personal professional knowledge, theoretical accomplishment, knowledge, materials at hand, experimental conditions and surrounding environment, and should not be greedy for the big and seek the deep, but should do what he can; The principle of novelty means that topics should be unsolved or completely solved that others have not studied or studied, and attention should be paid to "literary innovation"

Second, formulate the topic.

The title of the article is as good as the eyes, and a good title can make people see at a glance and never forget. It is just like advertising words to promote products, which plays a key role in attracting readers. The title of a good scientific paper should emphasize three words: accuracy, brevity and novelty. Accuracy means to reveal the topic accurately with concise words. For example, a scientific paper written by a classmate is entitled "Decontamination Principle and Optimum Washing Concentration of Soap". When you look at the topic, you can know the content of the paper at a glance. Small means that the angle of the topic is small. If the angle is small, it will have a good directivity, the idea of the article will be clear, and it will be easy to write centrally and concisely. The topic is too wide, often because we have little energy, narrow scope and poor professional knowledge. For example, a scientific and technological composition written by a middle school student is entitled "Development of Electrostatic Precipitator Blackboard Eraser", which is small and specific and students can elaborate deeply. Innovation means trying to reveal fresh ideas in the title. Only when the topic is fresh can you read on. No original insights, no new discoveries, no matter how well expressed and how powerful the argument is, it is a waste of wax for the blind to light a lamp.

Third, write the opening remarks.

The beginning of the article is in a special position of setting the tone, which has always been valued by writers. The ancients said, "If you can't get up, you will float in chaos." Although the opening part is short, it is an integral part of the whole article, which prompts the author's thinking and intercepts a lot of materials, so we must have a general grasp of the whole article before writing.

There are many beginnings of scientific papers, and there is no fixed format, but there are rules to follow. It is necessary to carefully understand all kinds of starting skills and use them flexibly according to writing practice.

1, example guide method

Write a small scientific paper with an introduction at the beginning, which explains the reality of the research problem and stimulates the reader's desire to follow the post. For example, in the article "An Easy-to-Solve Mechanical Problem" written by a classmate, the author put forward a mechanical problem that students are familiar with and easy to make mistakes at the beginning, and stated the wrong solution process to readers, which aroused readers' strong interest and made them eager to read the whole article to understand the mistakes of this problem.

2. Revealing the background method

Put the research problem in the current social and economic development environment and background, so that readers can understand the significance and even direction of their research at a higher level. For example, the article "Countermeasures for the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution in Township Industries" begins like this: "Since the reform and opening up, the rapid rise and vigorous development of township enterprises have created a lot of material wealth and brought about a series of profound changes in the rural economy. In some developed and relatively developed areas, township enterprises have become an important pillar of rural economy and an important part of national economy. However, with the rapid development of township enterprises, the environmental pollution and ecological destruction of township industries have become increasingly prominent.

The problems studied are closely related to the development trend of the proposition from the beginning, as well as the environmental pollution and ecological damage caused by township industries today, which makes people realize the urgency of controlling environmental pollution.

3. Point out the hazard methods.

Many small papers that argue and correct mistakes often point out some disadvantages, which makes people suddenly panic and realize the urgency of solving problems.

4. Briefly describe the argumentation method.

In the preface, the author presents the main points to the reader, giving people a sense of wholeness, which is tantamount to giving the reader a bunch of keys. Reading on is an attempt.

5, the method of setting the problem

The main purpose of setting questions is to leave suspense for readers, so that they can't wait to pay attention to the problem under discussion driven by curiosity.

These are five ways to write a good scientific paper at the beginning. It is worth noting that there are countless methods at the beginning, and all kinds of methods are often organically combined and infiltrated.

Fourth, point out the main points

There are many and miscellaneous empirical materials, so how to unify them in the central argument in an orderly way? In the main part of the article, it is usually convenient to use the method of discussing one by one. The advantage of this writing method is that it is organized, clear in level and gives people a comprehensive and profound three-dimensional sense. Of course, every viewpoint must be the crystallization of careful consideration, with strong generality, objectivity and innovation.

Fifth, make good use of materials.

Scientific papers are not simply listed, but are characterized by profound reasoning and regular guidance. Views and materials complement each other, and the value of the paper is reflected in the value of the topic and also through the demonstration of materials. The organic combination of the two will form a good scientific and technological paper.

Sixth, common sense of manuscript writing

In order to reduce the difficulty of editing and typesetting, the author should also pay attention to mastering some common sense of manuscript writing when writing small scientific papers.

Generally speaking, we should pay attention to the following issues: the manuscript should be clearly written on standard manuscript paper (or printed by computer). One word in each grid, and punctuation marks occupy a separate grid. Instructions that don't need to be printed are marked with pencils. When you write, you should use standardized simplified words to prevent typos and not invent new words. Except for the numbers in idioms, ancient prose and quoted documents, Arabic numerals are generally used. Century, year, month, day, hour, minute and second are all Arabic numerals. The year cannot be abbreviated (for example, 1999 cannot be abbreviated to 99). Numbers with more than five digits can be in units of "100 million" and "10,000". Write more than four digits continuously, without dividing nodes; Foreign letters and chemical symbols should be written correctly and clearly. Foreign languages should be written in print, with clear capitalization. Typing should be marked with pencil, italicized and marked with upper and lower corners. Please refer to the writing method in the middle school textbook, and the arrangement of each line in the chemical structural formula must be accurate; Mathematical formulas and chemical equations should be written separately in the middle, using standard fonts; Use standard punctuation and other symbols. When writing, dashes occupy two spaces, ellipses occupy two spaces, hyphens occupy half a space, and other symbols occupy one space. And pay attention to the writing position of pause, comma, colon, semicolon and quotation mark; The units of measurement involved in the manuscript should use legal units of measurement, and use legal Chinese names in the text description; The forms in the manuscript should be filled out clearly by the author. Table number and table name are generally in front of the table, and instructions are behind the table. When the same form is written on another page, the words "continued form" should be marked in front. Return to the top box without punctuation at the end of the text in the table; Words can clearly describe the content, generally without illustrations. The use of illustrations must be illustrated by examples. Pay attention to the connection and collocation of words and illustrations, and the illustrations should be numbered in sequence.

Methods and skills of writing small scientific papers

A scientific paper is a summary of students' scientific research, not a literary work. The writing of the thesis has certain standardization, including the following contents:

1. Thesis title: The topic should be consistent with the content of the study, and the article cannot be irrelevant. The title should be concise, novel and attractive to readers. For example, "Why does salted egg yolk produce oil?" Clear and attractive to readers. The research topic should not be too big, otherwise there is no way to start.

2. Introduction: It is the introduction of the paper, which briefly explains the purpose of this study or how the author thought of conducting this study.

3. Materials and research methods: it is necessary to write clearly the objects of investigation and observation, the materials of the experiment and the sources of the materials; What research methods and specific research steps are adopted; What instruments to use, etc. , should truthfully explain, in order to stand the repeated inspection of others.

4. Results: This is the argument part of the thesis. In addition to words, you can also use the data, pictures and photos in the table, which is convincing. The authenticity and reliability of data is the key to experimental research.

5. Discussion: This is the argumentation and argument part of the paper. What scientific conclusions have been drawn through experiments? And it should be explained on the basis of theory. Arguments must be based on scientific research methods and results, appropriate and realistic. If divorced from reality, deliberately expand the research results, it will lose the scientific nature of the paper, and the result will be nothing.

The topic selection of this scientific paper can refer to the related topics in the series through observation, investigation and experiment. You can also discuss your own creative skills and production process. The paper is written on A4 paper.