Key words: Sun Shaoping's image-building, aesthetic pursuit, realism and tragedy.
Lu Yao was born in 1949 and died in 1992. Although his life is short, it has left us an immortal literary wealth: since the early 1980s, he has published novellas "In Hard Days" and "Life" one after another, and his novels always arouse strong repercussions. Most importantly, it took Lu Yao six years to complete the novel "Ordinary World" with nearly one million words. With great momentum, he showed the great changes in China's urban and rural social life and people's thoughts and feelings in the reform era, and the image of Sun Shaoping deeply touched the readers' hearts. Lu Yao is a realistic writer, trying to describe life truly and create perfect characters. Lu Yao, who is full of emotion, devoted all his emotions to Sun Shaoping, and Sun Shaoping was branded with the author's thought. Therefore, we can appreciate the author's aesthetic personality from Sun Shaoping's characterization. Sun Shaoping, the hero of the novel, is the author's favorite and most trusted figure.
First, respect the spirit of individual struggle.
Sun Shaoping is a typical figure with ideal personality charm created by the author in combination with his own life experience. By reading Ordinary World and analyzing Sun Shaoping's life experience, we can clearly feel a persistent soul's profound experience of life. In fact, this is also due to Lu Yao's strong admiration for the spirit of personal struggle.
Lu Yao was born in a poor family that could not even guarantee a basic life. At the age of seven, his father adopted him to an equally poor uncle, who had no children. In order to go to school, Lu Yao endured his parents' thoughts and had to live in his uncle's house, because Lu Yao's father was unable to provide opportunities for children who had reached school age. My uncle's family is no better than Lu Yao's except that he can barely afford to go to primary school. The theme of Lu Yao's life is still hunger and poverty, especially poverty, which has been with him almost all his life. In Ordinary World, Sun Shaoping's perception of suffering is almost all Lu Yao's experiences. When Sun Shaoping first appeared in the novel, he was a poor student who felt shabby and inferior, because he took two black buns to the canteen every meal. He wears rags that can't keep warm but can only hide his shame, and eats two black buns every day to maintain his work-study life at school. Such a situation made him feel inferior, but the simple loess cast his indomitable and strong character, and poverty did not become an excuse for his decadence. He seized every available time and opportunity to study, read newspapers and read books, and armed himself with slender bones and thin skeletons. His spiritual superiority and satisfaction enabled him to support his fragile self-esteem and not fall down. Soon, he survived from the pain of hunger, poverty and inferiority.
If the difficulties encountered by young Sun Shaoping at school are inevitable due to family reasons, then it is "asking for it" for him to go out voluntarily as a laborer who sells his labor force and has no fixed place to live. After graduating from high school, Sun Shaoping became a primary school teacher in Shuangshui Village. Although she was fired three years later, she is still a farmer. However, it was already in the early 1980s, and the wave of comprehensive rural reform and production responsibility system swept the whole Loess Plateau. As long as farmers are willing to make some efforts, they don't have to worry about food and clothing. Sun Shaoping's brother Sun Shaoan caught up with the good situation, and the brick factory he founded began to improve. Sun Shaoping can be kind to himself, help his brother's factory and live a comfortable and carefree life in the village. But he just chose "hardship" and started from scratch outside.
Sun Shaoping was born in misery, and his willingness to "ask for it" is understandable. His parents have lived in the mountains all their lives, working hard to cultivate the land, trying to get rid of suffering and achieve food and clothing, which is very difficult. But Sun Shaoping received a modern education. He "walked" through many places through books, knowing that there is a bigger world outside Shuangshui Village, where people come and go and the lights are dim. He began to consciously think about the value and connotation of life, and had his own unique views on suffering and life. He believes that "we are born in a poor peasant family, and we should never underestimate our origins." The benefits it will bring us will be inexhaustible for a lifetime, but we must get rid of the limitations of birth, completely betray the narrowness of farmers, and pursue a higher meaning in life. " He finally chose to travel around the world. Carrying tattered bedding and facing the cold eyes of the city people, he stood by the Dongguan Bridge, waiting for the contractor to pick him up like buying "livestock". After being elected as a coolie, he had to endure inhuman treatment. Sun Shaoping, who has just entered the society, has tasted the warmth and coldness of human feelings in Huangyuan. But from the moment he set foot on Huangyuan City, he planned to "forget it" in the form of an ascetic monk. Forget warmth, forget gentleness, forget all pleasures, and regard hunger, cold, humiliation and suffering as their normal life ... "His strength and patience are unbearable for ordinary people. Heavy labor, inhuman living conditions and physical torture never made him waver or give up, but he was more persevering and energetic in the face of difficulties. This is also closely related to the personality pursued by Lu Yao. The excellent quality that Lu Yao pursues is a strong character, and fighting against fate in a difficult situation is the philosophy of suffering that Lu Yao believes in. The purpose is not to suffer for the sake of suffering, but to exercise his character by suffering.
As Lu Yao hoped, Sun Shaoping strengthened himself in the process of self-vexation, and turned suffering into unique life perception, positive personality strength and deep enthusiasm for life.
Second, advocating the chivalrous spirit of the land of Sanqin.
In the ordinary world, fate didn't give Sun Shaoping much care. Apart from family and friends, society and life are almost cold to him, and painful hardships always accompany him. When I was still in Shuangshui Village, my family was extremely poor. Young people's love died young; The teacher's position was cancelled ... when I went out to work; Relatives are cold; Others look on coldly; Unfair treatment; Physical trauma ... when I became a coal miner, the environment was dangerous and the labor was extremely heavy; Workers bully; The teacher passed away; The lover passed away; His appearance was ruined ... but Sun Shaoping was not depressed, cynical or cynical because of a series of misfortunes. Unfortunately, he forged his more mature thoughts, and he had a deeper view of life: "Life is always beautiful, and in the meantime, life is so short. Since we are alive, we should live well ... even suffering should be regarded as a normal emotion of human beings and even an indispensable part of our happiness. Unfortunately, life is a blessing for Sun Shaoping. It is because of misfortune that when happiness comes, Sun Shaoping will be the first to realize this.
Treating these misfortunes and injustices in life, Sun Shaoping was quite heroic in Sanqin. Although Sun Shaoping once felt inferior and had some fleeting thoughts of revenge because of inferiority, his mind was still pure and beautiful. In the tempering of life and suffering, he formed a broad and selfless mind and reached a lofty spiritual realm. At the beginning of the story, he had a fight with Gu who had a sense of superiority, but after this incident, he began to realize that "ordinary doesn't mean vulgar. He may be an ordinary person all his life, but he should show unusual views and practices on many ordinary things. " Indeed, in the later life, Sun Shaoping is still an ordinary person, doing ordinary things, but showing really unusual views and actions. He has a sincere love for his relatives and friends, even for strangers who have hurt himself or don't know him at all. He never cares about personal gain or loss. At any time, he showed a noble personality: he spared no effort to save Hou, who often humiliated him, from the flood; He let bygones be bygones and helped He Hongmei, who had hurt her feelings, deal with the incident of "stealing handkerchiefs"; He did not hesitate to lose his job and used all his savings to save the humiliated weak girl; He gave his life to save his colleagues in danger; He resolutely rejected Jin Xiu's love ... His generosity, selflessness and generosity deeply touched people.
The pressure of life did not make Sun Shaoping a social freak, but made him a wise man. His attitude towards life is like a generous wise man. Although life left him nowhere to go, he kept smiling. Lu Yao, who devoted himself to writing like an ascetic monk, highly praised this spirit. He believed that the misfortune that Sun Shaoping suffered was caused by the specific living environment, and no one could escape it. He should have the courage of an ancient chivalrous man in the land of Sanqin, face life directly, fight against it, overcome suffering, and create his own social value. But to a certain extent, it was also arranged by Lu Yao according to his own life experience. The author deeply understands that it is not easy for people to live in the world, especially in such a harsh living environment in northern Shaanxi, facing many survival challenges: the struggle between life and nature, the struggle between life and fate, and the mutual destruction between life and life itself ... Life is an endless struggle, which is Lu Yao's defining answer to life. Sun Shaoping's thoughts and actions are like a pair of bosom friends in trouble, which promote each other and never stop. No matter how hard life is, always be passionate about life and never give up. This is not only Sun Shaoping's attitude towards life, but also Lu Yao's life ideal. This enthusiasm makes them tireless in life, prompting them to improve themselves and pursue a higher realm of life. Yao Lu's hometown is Qingjian in northern Shaanxi on the Loess Plateau. There is serious soil erosion and broken landforms here. It is a magical land, which stands out because of its fragmentation. In the process of fighting against nature, people here have experienced the pleasure of overcoming natural disasters and gained the value of survival, so most of them are enthusiastic, cheerful and strong-willed. The unique environment in northern Shaanxi has tempered the heroic spirit and honest and frank character of the people in northern Shaanxi, and many rough and enthusiastic folk cultures have been produced and passed down here. All the natural and cultural landscapes here, such as lonely smoke in the desert, sunset in the Yellow River, belief in heaven, folk songs, etc., have participated in the psychological construction of young Lu Yao, giving him a bold and enthusiastic character. In "Ordinary World", Lu Yao penetrated his passionate personality into Sun Shaoping's by describing Sun Shaoping's survival crisis. It can be said that the chivalrous ancient customs of the land of Sanqin have created such figures as the author and Sun Shaoping.