1, PBL is the abbreviation of problem-based learning, which originated from medical education in 1950s. The problem-oriented teaching method applied to clinical medicine is a case-oriented, problem-based, student-centered and teacher-centered heuristic teaching, with the teaching goal of cultivating students' ability.

2. The core of 2.PBL learning is to optimize the passive learning mode in traditional education through the student-centered concept, stimulate students' creativity and potential, and make students change from passive learners to active learners. 1969 was initiated by American neurologist Barros at McMaster University in Canada, and now it has become a popular teaching method in the world. World-renowned universities such as Maastricht University, the top university in the Netherlands, are famous for this teaching method.

3. The essence of 3.PBL teaching method lies in giving play to the guiding role of problems in the learning process and mobilizing students' initiative and enthusiasm. There are great differences between PBL teaching method and case analysis method. PBL is the starting point of learning. Case analysis is that teachers explain the teaching materials first, and then do case analysis on the premise that students master certain knowledge.

Characteristics of PBL

1. Learn from a problem that needs to be solved, which is called a driving problem. Students explore driving problems in real situations, and the process of solving problems is similar to that of subject experts. Students learn and apply theme ideas in the process of inquiry.

2. Teachers, students and community members participate in collaborative activities to jointly find solutions to problems, similar to the social situation in which experts solve problems. Learning technology provides scaffolding for students to help them improve their ability in the process of participating in activities.