[Scientific name] Rose. &; Eupatorium odoratum

"Alias" rose, red moon, holy spring, Catharanthus roseus

Rosa of Rosaceae

Origin and evolution as early as BC, the world's ancient civilizations, such as China, Egypt, Babylon, Greece, Rome and so on. There are records about roses. In the long process from BC18th century in Europe, there are three main kinds of roses, namely, French rose (R. Gallica), Venetian rose (R. Centifolia) and Turkish rose (R. damascena). Through 1768 hybridization, four varieties of two kinds of Chinese rose were obtained. Slater scarlet China, China Ziwei. Parsons Pink China. Rouge-scented porcelain and flying grass. Porcelain with tea fragrance was first introduced to Europe. In recent months, for the first time in France, a hybrid perennial rose variety group (HP1837) was bred by repeated cross-breeding with European rose varieties. But this variety only blooms 1-2 times a year. After repeated hybridization, a new variety' CV' was bred. French La' was bred in 1867 and became a new variety group (HT. ) hybrid xiangshui rose. This is a new era of Chinese rose evolution, and 1867 is the dividing line between "modern Chinese rose" and "ancient Chinese rose". Since then, there have been blooming (flowering) roses (F. or F 1. ), big rose (gr.), Climbing rose (cl.) and miniature rose (minimum. ). Second, I am used to an environment with plenty of sunshine, good air circulation, good drainage and shelter from the wind. When it is overheated in midsummer, it needs proper shading. The optimum temperature of most varieties is 15-26℃ in the daytime and 10- 15℃ at night. Cold-tolerant, winter temperature is lower than 5 12, and it goes into hibernation. If the high temperature above 30℃ continues in summer, most varieties will have less flowering and lower quality, and enter a semi-dormant state. In winter, common varieties can tolerate the low temperature of-15C. Roses are fond of fertilizer and should be planted in rich organic matter, fertile and loose slightly acidic soil, but they have wide adaptability to soil. The relative humidity of air should be 75%-80%, but it can also be slightly dry or wet. It has the characteristics of continuous flowering. After the flowers wither, they can be properly pruned, watered and fertilized, and then they can bloom endlessly. Third, the morphological characteristics (R. chinensis), evergreen or semi-evergreen shrubs, often hooked thorns. 3-5 pinnate leaflets, flowers often clustered, slightly fragrant, single, pink or nearly white. Roses are ovoid, bloom in April-10 and mature in September-12. R.x odorata is a natural hybrid of rose and rose. Branches are long, often climbing, with 5-7 leaflets, shiny surface, and new buds and tender leaves are often bronzed. The flower buds are beautiful, the pedicels are slender, and the flowers are pink, light yellow, orange yellow, pure white and so on. And they are fragrant and bloom continuously during the growing season. Modern Chinese rose. ) is a hybrid rose variety group that has been bred by many times of hybridization and long-term breeding. Shrubs or vines; The leaves are thick, big and shiny; The flower bud is oval, beautiful and rich in flower shape, and it is double and light to fragrant. Flowering lasts, and May-June and 9- 10 are the peak flowering periods. According to the horticultural classification approved by the World Federation of Chinese Rose Associations 1979, the modern Chinese rose is classified as follows. 1. Non-lianas (1) shrubs that bloom in one season (2) shrubs that bloom continuously (2) shrubs that bloom continuously (1) with large flowers (hybrid perfume rose, ht. ) (2) flowers (roses with rich flowers, f. or F 1. ) (3) more flowers (3). Get together ) 3. Mini rose (minimum. ) 2. Vines (C 1. (1) One-season flowering 1. Joyo (Banteng) Rose 2. Micro vine rose 3. (2) Continuous Flowering L Joyo' (half vine) grafting is a common skill in the propagation of rose. The commonly used rootstocks in China are: Rosa multiflora and Rosa multiflora var. Huaxia multi-flowered variety. Albo-plena et al. The common varieties and rootstocks of modern Chinese rose mostly adopt cutting method. Hardwood cutting is more than dormant period, and softwood cutting is more common in growing season. If a large number of seedlings or special varieties need to be obtained as soon as possible, tissue culture can be used. When planting Chinese rose in the open field, we should choose a place with good leeward and sunny drainage, then apply base fertilizer (such as 2000 kg/ 100 m2 decomposed manure or compost), and apply mixed chemical fertilizer as topdressing in the growing season. Pruning Chinese rose is an important operation. In addition to pruning in dormancy, pruning in growth period can also be carried out appropriately, such as picking buds and cutting residual branches. Greenhouse cultivation mainly focuses on the production of cut flowers, and suitable varieties, such as' CV', should be selected. USA',' (Resume. First love',' peace' (CV. Peare) and' cv. Marina. It is required that the soil should be well ventilated and drained, the spacing between plants should be 30cm×30cm, and 15- 17c should be maintained at night and 2 1-25c should be maintained during the day. Pruning and pest control should be done well. Chinese rose can be potted and watched indoors. The key points of its cultivation and management are: loose soil, suitable pot diameter, moderate humidity, thin fertilization, picking flowers and pruning, controlling pests and diseases, and changing pots every year. The most common disease is powdery mildew, and the prevention and control methods include strengthening ventilation, light transmission and spraying stone-reducing mixture. Black spot disease, the prevention and control method is to remove fallen leaves in autumn; Spray carbendazim or bordeaux mixture. The main pests are aphids, tetranychus cinnabarinus and so on. Can be planted in flower beds, flower borders, lawn corners, etc. , can also be arranged into a rose garden. Vines are used in flower stands, flower walls, flower fences, flower doors and so on. Rose can be potted for viewing, and it is also an important cut flower material. Rose is the national flower of Iran, Iraq, Syria, Lu Sen, Morocco, Italy, Tanzania and the United States. Garden maintenance

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