Government procurement refers to the use of financial funds by state organs, institutions and organizations at all levels to purchase goods, projects and services within the legally formulated centralized procurement catalogue or above the procurement quota standard. The main purpose of implementing government procurement is to standardize government procurement behavior and strengthen the management and supervision of government financial expenditure; Reduce procurement costs and improve the efficiency of the use of government financial funds; Carry out the national macroeconomic policy and promote the improvement of the government's macro-control level. It is of far-reaching practical significance to establish and implement government procurement in China. Next, I will briefly talk about the problems existing in government procurement and their significance.
First, the problems in government procurement
With the implementation of "Government Procurement Law" in China, the current government procurement has been gradually brought into the track of standardization and legalization. In the process of implementing this law, various regions have explored some good experiences and practices and achieved good results, but there are also many problems, which are as follows:
First of all, planning is not strong. According to the provisions of the Government Procurement Law, government procurement should be carried out in strict accordance with the approved budget. Due to the lack of predictability and rationality in departmental budgeting, it is difficult to fully predict the possible financial expenditures in the budget year, and the midway budget is frequent, which leads to the lack of government procurement planning.
Secondly, the method is not standardized. Due to the large number and small quantity of government procurement, the scope and scale of public bidding are small, most of the goods are purchased by inquiry, and many items are purchased by each unit, which affects the scale benefit of centralized government procurement.
Third, the procurement supervision and management department lacks daily supervision and inspection. The Government Procurement Law stipulates that the supervision and administration department of government procurement should strengthen the supervision and inspection of government procurement activities and centralized procurement institutions. The audit found that a considerable number of buyers were dissatisfied with the purchased goods, thinking that some buyers were of high quality and low price, and the after-sales service of suppliers could not keep up, which directly affected the use effect and normal work of users. All these fully show that the current government procurement supervision system is weakened, and it is difficult to effectively prevent the occurrence of violations of law and discipline in the process of government procurement.
Fourth, the rules and regulations system is not perfect. Since the implementation of the government procurement system, a series of laws and regulations, including the Government Procurement Law, have been promulgated, which has strengthened the government's influence on the use of financial funds and effectively restricted and standardized the government procurement behavior. However, because the detailed rules for the implementation of the Government Procurement Law have not yet been promulgated, there are still great irregularities and arbitrariness in the actual operation of government procurement in various places, especially the poor management system and scattered operation, which not only affect the quality and efficiency of government procurement, but also are not conducive to fair competition and are easy to breed corruption. These all violate the original intention of implementing government procurement and affect the quality and credibility of government procurement.
Fifth, the quality of government procurement personnel needs to be improved. Government procurement is different from general procurement business, and it is a brand-new systematic project. Because of its strong policy and wide coverage, procurement personnel need to master social science, natural science and other knowledge, and management, execution and bid evaluation personnel should be familiar with not only financial business, but also bidding, contract management and other knowledge and skills. However, at present, most of the government procurement staff in our country come from the former financial department, and there is still a big gap from the professional requirements, which makes the government procurement work lack of strong organizational strength, unable to form a joint effort, unable to scale up and difficult to standardize. With the continuous promotion of government procurement in China, government procurement needs a large team with excellent professional knowledge, and the lack of talents will restrict the further development of government procurement in China.
Second, the significance of government procurement
(a) is conducive to saving the cost of procurement funds, improve the efficiency of the use of financial funds.
The implementation of government procurement and centralized government procurement through bidding have strengthened the competition among suppliers to a certain extent, enabling government procurement departments to obtain high-quality and low-priced goods and services, thus saving the capital cost of procurement and making financial expenditures reflect economies of scale in use.
(two) is conducive to standardizing government procurement behavior, strengthen the management and supervision of fiscal expenditure.
In decentralized procurement, the government's procurement behavior is dispersed to various budget units, and the procurement process often lacks necessary supervision and the procurement form lacks necessary norms. The implementation of government procurement will control the government procurement behavior within the scope of relevant laws and regulations, make the procurement process under the supervision of finance, auditing and supervision departments, improve the standardization and transparency of government procurement, and strengthen the management and supervision of financial expenditure.
(C) is conducive to strengthening the building of a clean government and eliminating corruption
Eliminating corruption is a difficult point in China's political life. Under the condition of market economy, whether we can persist in fighting corruption and promoting honesty is a severe test of the government's ability to lead the market economy. The implementation of government procurement system is conducive to plugging loopholes from the source and providing institutional guarantee for combating corruption and promoting honesty.
(four) is conducive to the implementation of national macroeconomic policies, strengthen national macro-control.
With the market-oriented development of China economy, the cyclical fluctuation of the economy is becoming more and more obvious. In this case, in order to maintain the stable development of the national economy, we must play the role of the government's macro policy. As purchasing power, government procurement expenditure is an organic part of social demand. According to the macroeconomic policies in different periods, the government can influence the total social demand and structure by adjusting the scale and structure of government procurement. As a macro-control means, government procurement is the only buyer in the market economy. In China, about 25% of the goods and services produced by the whole society are purchased by the government every year, so the quantity and content of government procurement will have a great impact on market supply and demand. When the economy is depressed, measures can be taken to expand the scale of government procurement to increase social demand and stimulate economic growth; When the economy is overheated, we can reduce the social demand by reducing the scale of government procurement, which can play a role in cooling the economy to a certain extent.
With the continuous development and improvement of China's financial procurement system, under the effective management and supervision of relevant departments such as finance and auditing, China's financial procurement will become more and more mature and will further play its due role and significance.