Abstract: Cultivating civilized manners and habits in preschool education is of great significance to children's lifelong development. Therefore, the research group of our garden has tried and discussed the strategies of etiquette education in rural kindergartens, and initially constructed the following strategies of etiquette education in daily life in kindergartens: to achieve * * * knowledge and form a joint force; Attach importance to the creation of the environment and create a ceremonial atmosphere; Etiquette courses are embodied in children's daily life; Guide parents' groups and consolidate etiquette habits.
Keywords: one-day life etiquette education strategy in kindergarten
Etiquette is the basic symbol of modern civilized society, and it is also the external expression of individual ideological consciousness, moral quality and cultural education. Good personal etiquette image is the foundation of our self-esteem, self-love and self-reliance. In the social field, the Guide to Learning and Development for Children Aged 3-6 clearly points out that educating children means "observing the basic code of conduct". Therefore, children's etiquette education has become an important part of children's social education, which is related to the improvement of the overall quality of a country and a nation.
Good manners are not innate, but are formed under the influence of social moral public opinion and education. "Looking at the old at the age of three, looking at the old at the age of seven", the cultivation of civilized manners in preschool education is of great significance to children's lifelong development. Kindergarten is a basic educational institution, and it is the unshirkable responsibility of preschool educators to cultivate good behavior habits and manners from an early age. Therefore, our garden has made the following practical attempts on etiquette education strategies in children's daily life:
First, acquire * * * knowledge to form a joint force.
Han Yu wrote in the article "Teacher's Theory": "Teacher, preach and teach to solve doubts." Teachers are the objects of children's worship and imitation, and children imitate teachers' thoughts and behaviors all the time. Therefore, in children's etiquette education, teachers are not only implementers and professors, but also learners and practitioners. Therefore, we take the training of teachers as the primary task, do a good job in teachers' theoretical study, and learn the Code of Professional Ethics for Primary and Secondary School Teachers, Kindergarten Day Routine and so on. And the way of thinking determines the way out, and thought determines action. Etiquette is not only an external performance, but also an internal performance. Morality is also an important factor that determines the success or failure of etiquette. In order to make the teacher a model of etiquette and cultivate inner skills. We have carried out reading activities, organized teachers to read books such as "Being a Man of Three Points, Being a Man of Seven Points, Feeling Life" to enlighten teachers' minds and let them know what kind of behavior is in line with etiquette. Teachers' words and deeds, their own qualities and attitudes towards children have a great influence on children's behavior development, and "setting an example and teaching by example" is the best educational method. In order to guide teachers effectively, teachers can only educate children effectively if they have certain qualities.
Therefore, teachers should further clarify their professional norms and strive to shape their personal charm. And organize teachers to learn the etiquette norms of preschool teachers, requiring teachers to be dignified and generous, not to wear high heels and fashionable slippers, not to wear shawls, and not to wear strange clothes. In behavior, what children are asked to do must be done first. The language is civilized and polite. Say hello to the children in return. Don't take it out on the children. Education should be positive. Treat children sincerely and lovingly. Be humble to colleagues, respect each other, be tolerant and generous, and create a good atmosphere of etiquette education, so that children can be edified and grown up in a subtle way.
Second, pay attention to the creation of the environment and create a ceremonial atmosphere.
Environment is a silent teacher. With the help of the creation of material environment, the acquisition of children's etiquette can be continued in time and space, and it is separated from the simple teaching and learning model. In children's restaurants, we should design easy-to-understand slogans, etiquette before and after meals, etiquette for students on duty, etc., and establish the character of being willing to serve others. We also put up various children's songs around the activity room, such as "You have a home, I have a home, and go home after the game" and so on. We also set up a "I am the best" column, where teachers feed back the stars of the best children in daily life and effectively guide their behaviors and habits.
In order to strengthen the etiquette education for teachers, parents and children, and make etiquette education really play a role in daily life, our garden has carried out various etiquette corner activities according to children's characteristics, such as special barbecue corner activities. During the activities, children not only enjoyed the operation, but also learned how to receive guests and how to use polite words. Another example is the doll house, which has a small sofa, tables and chairs and furniture. Mom and dad's clothing props, dolls and other items, so that children can learn to respect the old and love the young in the game and cooperate with each other.
Kindergarten has carefully arranged and themed the environment, which not only highlights the personality and taste of kindergarten, but also becomes an important carrier of kindergarten culture, which has a subtle value orientation for the development of children. With the creation of the class theme wall, every month, teachers will post the content of etiquette education on the theme wall to infiltrate children's understanding of etiquette content. Parents will also display the collected etiquette pictures or children's etiquette behavior photos in the garden and at home, as well as children's own works on the wall. Children can always see the educational content about etiquette. In addition to areas, walls and other environments, children can infiltrate etiquette education, and a polite atmosphere for people is also indispensable for etiquette education. In the morning, there are etiquette angels and teachers at the door to welcome children to kindergarten. Happy smile, sincere greetings and standard standing posture often make many parents greatly appreciate it!
Third, etiquette courses are reflected in children's daily life.
Early childhood education curriculum is a purposeful and planned teaching activity for young children. It integrates early childhood etiquette education into the curriculum and life of early childhood education, aiming at implementing early childhood quality enlightenment education purposefully and planned by means of early childhood etiquette education.
Conduct etiquette education for children twice a week according to their age characteristics, individual differences and teaching plans. We start from two aspects. On the one hand, we should go deep into stories and children's songs, and design the content of etiquette education into teaching content that children can easily accept, so that children can know what etiquette is and what behaviors etiquette has. For example, "Bear is a Guest" lets children know that when visiting other people's homes, they should tap and greet the guests politely, and don't rummage through other people's things in other people's homes. The textbook "Beijing 6+ 1" gives children a comprehensive understanding of the use of daily etiquette terms such as "please", "sorry", "you're welcome" and "thank you". In the sharing reading "Pulling Radish", teachers usually create a story scene in the classroom, put a big radish in a big basket, and prepare the headgear needed in the story, so that children can play the roles of grandpa, grandma, Xiaohua Mall, dog and mouse. Children take turns to perform, entertaining and acting in stories. During the performance, the children understood the content of the story and the truth of being polite and helpful. In this process, children's oral expression ability and communication ability have been improved.
On the other hand, we should pay attention to infiltrating etiquette education into all disciplines, so that children can always be influenced by good behavior habits and promote their all-round harmonious and balanced development. For example, in the operation of "creative stickers on leaves" in art class, children should borrow things from other children, such as materials of different colors, scissors, glue and so on. We ask children to be polite when borrowing things and say "please", "thank you" and "you're welcome" to others. For example, in sports activities, some children bump into others because of running and jumping. Teachers can randomly educate children to say "sorry" to others.
According to children's age characteristics, children communicate frequently, so we will put the content of etiquette education into children's daily life. Random education is based on people, things, anytime, anywhere and situations. For example, we make full use of snacks, lunch and other links every day to hold a thanksgiving meal for our children and thank the teachers for their etiquette education. It also permeates etiquette education such as making phone calls, being a guest and playing with toys. Through daily infiltration, children have a practical experience of etiquette education, which is very close to their own lives. Therefore, it is natural to apply the learned etiquette knowledge to daily communication, so as to improve children's good manners and habits.
The cultivation of children's good habits is closely related to the guidance of teachers in daily life. In daily life, children often have some unhealthy phenomena such as not caring for public property and littering. Teachers can guide children to develop good habits through various activities. For example, I found that children are not very clear about their behavior. In order to better educate children, I use my mobile phone to record the children's dribs and drabs and show them to let them compare right and wrong through the screen. It is shameful to perform "My Home" in the situation. Let children feel the scene of littering, carry out the educational activities of "I love kindergarten", lead children to participate in labor activities such as picking up garbage, let children experience the benefits of cleaning the environment, cultivate children's good habits of loving labor and understand the importance of protecting the environment.
Fourth, guide parents to consolidate etiquette habits.
Family is the first school for children's etiquette education, and parents are their first teachers. Parents' words and deeds have a far-reaching influence on children and are directly related to our educational effect. Therefore, it is an important task for kindergarten etiquette education to do a good job of parents. We ask parents to "teach by example rather than by words". After all, parents are children's first teachers. On the road of life, parents are the first guides and signposts for children, which have a very important influence on children. Parents should set an example for their children and infect them with their own actions.
Kindergarten education needs the active cooperation of family education. We keep in constant contact with parents, and realize family interaction through family contact book and tutor garden. Home visits and telephone interviews promote family communication. Parents' meeting and parents' school instill some advanced educational ideas into parents through experts, directors and teachers, so that parents can know what family education should give their children in their early childhood. With the theme of "guiding parents out of educational misunderstanding", we will teach parents how to make them cooperate with our education. In addition, we advocate parents to cooperate with kindergartens in etiquette education in family education, starting from the details. The specific operation of communication etiquette with parents. Choose a teacher with good etiquette education lectures to tell parents about adult etiquette, such as riding etiquette and dining etiquette, so that parents can feel that their children are growing and they are growing. Educating children is not only a matter for kindergartens, but also an unshirkable responsibility for parents. Drive to change parents' etiquette concept and improve parents' etiquette quality.
We strive for parents' attention and cooperation in etiquette education. Pay attention to the details of daily life education, such as what guests should do to become a polite and sensible child. What should I do when I eat? Parents can also take advantage of various opportunities and occasions to let their children get etiquette exercise. For example, they can invite their neighbors' children to be guests and teach them to be polite to each other. Through various activities to promote children's interpersonal relationships, improve children's willpower and ability to undertake things, so that children can develop polite manners and good characters such as caring, responsible, sharing, helping and diligence.
Carrying out parent-child activities regularly, strengthening communication and cooperation with families, urging parents to educate their children in the family according to the educational requirements of kindergartens, exchanging children's thoughts, behaviors and performances at home and in the garden in time, and taking cooperative measures to educate and correct children in a targeted manner are more conducive to the development of children's good habits and the consistency of family education. If our etiquette education wants to succeed, it must be interactive and persistent, and consolidate the educational achievements.
There are many ways to educate children on etiquette, but we must persevere under the guidance of the educational thought of unity and coordination of knowing and doing, and do a good job in cultivating children's good behavior habits. As the saying goes, "it takes ten years to plant trees and a hundred years to cultivate people", it can be seen that the task of education is a long-term and arduous task, and its formation process is a long-term, repeated and constantly improved process. As long as we work hard with our families, persist in shaping children's good qualities from the front and enlighten their young hearts, I believe our etiquette education will certainly achieve excellent results.