Sonata in B minor is the only piano sonata in Liszt's life, with profound connotation, which reflects his introspection spirit and creative feelings in his later works. Through the analysis of Liszt's piano sonata in B minor, this paper reflects the characteristics and spiritual connotation of his piano music creation, and tries to make some enlightenment for us to play his works.

First, Liszt's music creation

Liszt pioneered the form of symphonic poetry. He wrote thirteen symphonic poems such as Tasso, Prelude and Hungary. The most important works are Faust Symphony and Dante Symphony. In piano, he is one of the creators of modern piano technology. Influenced by Paganini's acrobatic works on the violin, Liszt tried to combine acrobatics with musical works on the piano, such as Nineteen hungarian rhapsody and Ten Piano Etudes, which have a large span, rigorous structure, many levels, great difficulty and rich expressive force, and are often played as concert tracks. As a composer and pianist, he has opened up the great possibilities of piano as an instrument, which has reached unprecedented limits in terms of range, volume and the difficulty of his works, enriching the texture and harmony techniques of composition. Such as Mazeppa Piano Etudes, Two Piano Concertos, Piano Sonata in B Minor, 12 Ultra-technical Etudes, Travel Years, etc. , fully tap the acoustic function of the piano, and put forward high requirements for the player's skills. These works can only be played if they reach a high piano level. His nineteen piano works "hungarian rhapsody" with Hungarian folk minor as the theme occupy a particularly important position in his piano works. These works not only give full play to the musical expression of the piano, but also set an outstanding musical model for the creation of rhapsody.

Second, Liszt's Piano Works

Liszt's piano works are divided into three periods: early, middle and late, and each period embodies different musical characteristics and creative feelings.

The early nineteen hungarian rhapsody were Liszt's rhapsody adapted from Hungarian folk songs, which inherited the national heritage and was unparalleled at that time. Liszt is keen on collecting folk songs and music, and has published papers in this field. He is a pioneer of the national music school. Among them, Rhapsody No.2 and Rhapsody No.6, which are the most widely circulated, are enduring and deeply loved by audiences all over the world. 12 A superb etude is dedicated to his teacher, Chemei. The amazing skills in the music make most players daunting. Liszt's concert etudes specially created for concerts are highly technical and artistic. For example, The Roar of the Forest describes the light and wind in the forest, which is in the process of returning to calm from calm to surging, with elegant artistic conception. Liszt is good at adaptation, for example, based on Schumann's vocal art song Dedication, he adapted it into a piano song Dedication, which is as beautiful as the melody of vocal music. His two concertos, sonatas and hungarian rhapsody are all his travel works after he became a master. During the trip, a travelogue-style work describing the scenery of Italy and Switzerland-piano music collection "Travel Years" is more serene and calm than the earlier works, full of whimsy and meditation. Liszt is a master in the history of piano music.

3. sonata in b minor

1 Music image conception and works connotation. Everyone has the theme of justice and the theme of the devil in his heart, and everyone has a completely contradictory personality more or less. Liszt is particularly obvious, which shows that Liszt's world outlook has never reached internal consistency, and it is contradictory and uncoordinated in itself. Liszt himself enjoys the respect of the world in appearance, but at the same time, he always introspects the ugliness of human nature and the smallness of human strength. This contradiction and disharmony can't be solved, he is always fighting endlessly! What is shown in the work (back to perceptual experience) is the sigh of the introduction. Faust, the theme of the work itself, is a contradictory combination. In this artistic image, the protagonist Faust and the devil Mefistofele have two diametrically opposite personalities. These two artistic images have distinct personality characteristics, but good and evil change at any time. There is evil in good and good in evil, which complement each other. So I think Liszt may be Faust's artistic model, reflecting the complex activities of his inner world in the form of music, which is the artistic image to be expressed in Sonata in B minor.

Technical characteristics and solutions of playing difficulties. Sonata in B minor contains many technical features. According to the texture structure of piano music, it includes octave, long-span interval jump, arpeggio operation, chord technique and so on. Among them, octave technique is the most difficult, and the key part of human body technique to play octave is wrist, which is determined by the physiological structure and function of human body. Human arm joints include knuckles, metacarpals, wrists, elbows and shoulders.

3 literary significance. The speculation and debate on the literary connotation of this work has never stopped in history. The main debate focuses on the difference between Untitled and Faust. A group of musicians, including Yu Runyang, Graue and paul henry Lang, insisted that the work was untitled. In addition, there are some opinions to speculate on the literary connotation of sonata in B minor, such as autobiography, Bible and Milton's long poem Paradise Lost, Fable of Eden, etc. What is the theme described in the sonata in B minor? The recognized theory is Faust. The relationship between Faust and the devil Murphy in the book symbolizes the objective reality of interdependence in the world or human nature, and is also the irony and rebellion of human nature in real life.

Fourthly, about Liszt's creative feelings.

Through the sonata in B minor, we can see the real heartfelt feelings, some heartfelt feelings and the communication between music and literature in Liszt's later creation. The isomorphic relationship between music and emotion is universal. Liszt's music aesthetic thought is by no means "art for art's sake", but to express sincere feelings and profound thoughts. Interpreting Liszt's music is to explore Liszt's emotional and ideological connotation hidden in the depths of notes, as well as his unique expression. Because there is no definite meaning and reference in music language, the titles and inscriptions of music works do not directly describe the musical image, but are the means to convey thoughts and emotions, which is Liszt's means to organically combine literature and music. ;