Model essay on graduation thesis of numerical control technology Part I: Preliminary study on teaching reform of numerical control technology specialty: higher vocational education; reform in education
According to the requirements of talent ability training in CNC industry, the reform of curriculum system, teaching content and teaching methods is deepened, and the construction of teaching materials, courses and training bases is discussed.
After China's entry into WTO, China is gradually becoming? World manufacturing center? Manufacturing industry has become the main growth point of China's economy, which also promotes the wide application of numerical control technology. The serious shortage of CNC talents has aroused widespread concern in society. Many universities and training institutions provide the design of numerical control technology. However, according to relevant departments, the employment rate of higher vocational graduates majoring in numerical control is not very high.
On the one hand, enterprises can't find suitable CNC talents, on the other hand, CNC students can't find suitable jobs. In the use of talents, enterprises and talents themselves are not satisfied, and there is still a big gap in society. The reason is that the talents trained by schools are not the talents needed by enterprises, which shows that our higher vocational education has unilateral behaviors in teaching mechanism, school-running concept, curriculum setting, employment guidance, practical teaching mode and textbook construction. There is no communication and cooperation with enterprises, and there is no training of talents according to the wishes of enterprises.
Why is this happening? There are many reasons: graduates' professional ability is not strong; Students' skills are weak and their practical experience and ability are poor; Students have no professional knowledge and skills and no characteristics; Students are not positioned correctly, unwilling to stand in the front line, lacking the spirit of struggle and dedication to the enterprise; School employment and employment guidance system is weak.
First of all, the manufacturing industry calls for professional teaching reform.
With the rapid development of science and technology and the increasing trend of economic globalization, what is the international industrial division of labor? Shuffle? Many developed countries and multinational companies are optimistic about the China market and will further transfer some manufacturing industries to China. Although advanced numerical control technology has been widely used in China's manufacturing industry, there is a shortage of electromechanical talents who master numerical control technology, including more than 600 thousand people who operate, program and maintain numerical control machine tools. Our country is not only short of numerical control technical talents, but also has some defects in quality, that is, their knowledge structure can not adapt to and meet the needs of modern manufacturing industry.
In the period when higher education is changing from elite education to popular education, the number of students is changing rapidly, the requirements of enterprises for talent level are moving up, and the focus of use is moving down. Because the adjustment of the teaching plan of school specialty construction has not kept up with the changes of society in time, and high-quality teaching materials have not been set up in time. In addition, the proportion of theoretical teaching and practical teaching is still insufficient.
Numerical control technology is a new interdisciplinary subject integrating mechanics, electronics, information and management. The development of numerical control technology puts forward new requirements for talents' knowledge, ability and quality structure. ? Made in China? The improvement of competitiveness calls for China's higher vocational numerical control technology specialty to adapt to the market demand, reform the current curriculum system, teaching content and teaching methods, and cultivate talents engaged in numerical control technology from a high starting point to meet the demand of manufacturing development for talents.
Second, the guiding ideology and objectives of professional teaching reform
1. The guiding ideology of reform. Further accelerate the reform of educational ideas and concepts, comprehensively promote quality education, deeply explore the talent training mode of higher vocational education, strive to improve the quality of higher vocational talent training, deepen the reform of curriculum system, teaching content and teaching methods, and cultivate advanced applied talents with strong professional ability and high comprehensive quality in the production and operation of machinery manufacturing industry.
2. The goal of the reform. Through the teaching reform, a complete, scientific and distinctive teaching system of CNC manufacturing talents training in higher vocational colleges is established. Reflection? Employment-oriented? , ? Take enterprise activities as the main line? , study their occupational distribution and students' employment direction; ? Pay attention to ability training and take knowledge as the measure? Construct a professional teaching system, and emphasize the cultivation of professional skills, comprehensive ability and comprehensive quality in the teaching content.
Graduates will have strong professional ability and quality, have one skill or many skills, can quickly adapt to the needs of enterprise production, and have good sustainable development ability.
Third, the basic idea of professional reform
1. Analysis of students' current situation: (1) The professional ability is not strong. There are many reasons besides poor foundation. (2) Lack of skills. (3) positioning is not allowed. Many people think that they are college students, must be managers, and have no consciousness of standing in the front line; Lack of hard-working spirit, unwilling to do dirty, tired and bitter work, unwilling to go to small enterprises and enterprises with poor conditions; Lack of dedication, unwilling to stand on the enterprise, sharing weal and woe with the enterprise, only talking about taking, not about struggle, struggle and dedication; Lack of understanding of corporate culture and environment, lack of awareness of safety production, economy, cooperation and strict discipline. It is difficult to adapt to enterprises, and it is generally believed that enterprise management is too strict. (4) Lack of employment guidance and professional education. At present, the employment guidance in many schools has not attracted enough attention and has not formed an employment guidance system.
2. Professional teaching reform plan. (1) According to the current situation of students and the requirements of enterprise post groups, the original teaching plan, syllabus, teaching materials, teaching methods, skills training methods and contents, teachers, training conditions, employment guidance and practice base were reformed and strengthened with the goal of improving the quality of personnel training and students' employment. Change students' knowledge and ability structure to meet the requirements of enterprise employment. (2) Reconstruct the professional curriculum system. According to the knowledge and ability requirements of professional post groups, integrate the curriculum system. Professional knowledge? Necessary and sufficient? Focus on core professional courses. We are determined to build a theory teaching system and a practice teaching system centered on ability, broaden the foundation, pay attention to practice, strengthen skill training, strengthen ability training and improve comprehensive professional quality. Advance the specialized courses, so that students can get in touch with the specialized courses as soon as possible (page 1 17) (page 105), which can improve students' interest in learning, and students can also find jobs in advance, thus alleviating the pressure of centralized employment. (3) Improve teaching methods and examination methods to improve teaching effect. (4) Teaching material construction and curriculum construction. Compile school-based teaching materials suitable for practical teaching courses of this major and improve practical guidance; On the basis of the construction of specialized courses, the school-based teaching materials for specialized courses are compiled. Complete the construction of question bank suitable for professional atlas and main courses. Build several excellent courses at the school level. (5) Teaching staff construction planning. First, the construction of teaching staff has been strengthened and the structure of teaching staff has been improved. (6) Construction of on-campus and off-campus training places. According to the training objectives, we will build, expand and improve some training fields, and provide a solid foundation and guarantee for students' skills training and professional knowledge learning. Strengthen school-enterprise cooperation, establish off-campus practice bases, and build practice bases that meet students' requirements of understanding production management environment, production practice and graduation practice at different levels. Strengthen the combination of production and learning, and improve students' comprehensive quality by participating in solving practical problems in enterprise production. (7) Improve the vocational quality education and employment system. Implement the professional quality education of professional teachers, let them inherit the knowledge of being a man and doing things in professional education, and be strict in practice, so as to be subtle. Actively expand the graduate internship and employment base, set up a special person to be responsible for student employment and employment tracking, and mobilize teachers from various majors to participate.
Fourth, the safeguard measures of professional teaching reform
In order to ensure the smooth progress of the pilot work of professional teaching reform, relevant supporting measures will be gradually improved:
1. Strengthen the construction of teaching staff, improve the quality of teaching staff, and formulate? Double-qualified? Teacher training and introduction system.
2. Give full play to the management function of teaching and research section in the process of teaching operation, and strengthen the research on teaching reform;
3. Combining with professional projects, do a good job in the teaching reform of this major.
4. Strengthen cooperation with related industries and enterprises in running schools and establish an integrated management model.
refer to
[1] Huang Ziping. Reform the curriculum system, strengthen skills training and improve comprehensive quality [J]. Journal of Qinghai University, 2002.
[2] Huang Zhu. Theoretical thinking on constructing the curriculum system of higher vocational education [J]. Vocational and Technical Education, 2004.
[3] Wang Jianping. Teaching reform of NC programming course in higher vocational colleges [J]. Journal of Changsha Aviation Vocational and Technical College, 2006.
Numerical control technology graduation thesis model essay Part II: On the application of numerical control technology in machinery manufacturing Abstract: Numerical control technology is the key to realize the automation of machinery manufacturing, which directly affects the development of national industry and the improvement of comprehensive national strength. The production and application of mechanical equipment with numerical control technology as the core has become an important standard to measure a country's technical level and strategic position. Therefore, the wide application of numerical control technology in manufacturing industry, whether from the strategic point of view or from the perspective of development strategy, must be vigorously advocated and widely developed in order to realize China's industrial economic power.
Keywords: CNC technology of mechanical manufacturing
Introduction to 0
In the machinery manufacturing industry, CNC machining technology has been paid more and more attention. With the development of modern science and technology with computer technology as the mainstream and the intensification of product competition in the market, the traditional mechanical manufacturing technology is difficult to meet the diversified development of modern products and the ever-changing speed of upgrading. Facing the increasing proportion of multi-variety and small batch production, as well as the improvement of product delivery quality and cost requirements, modern manufacturing technology is required to be highly flexible. How to enhance the adaptability of machinery manufacturing industry to external factors and products to market changes requires us to make full use of the flexibility of modern numerical control technology and apply it to machinery manufacturing industry to the maximum extent. Improve the function, efficiency, reliability and product quality of mechanical equipment to a new level to meet the competitive needs of the modern market.
Technical characteristics of 1
Numerical control technology is a technology that uses digital information to control machining and motion process. It integrates traditional mechanical manufacturing technology, computer technology, sensor detection technology, network communication technology and optical electromechanical technology, and is the basic technology of modern manufacturing industry. It has the characteristics of high precision, high efficiency and flexible automation.
At present, computer control, pre-programming and control programs are used to realize the control function of equipment. Because the auxiliary function of computer software replaces the early numerical control device composed of pure hardware circuits, the functions of storing, processing, judging and calculating the input data are all completed by field editable software, which greatly enhances the flexibility of mechanical manufacturing and improves the working efficiency of equipment.
2 the application of numerical control technology in machinery manufacturing
2. 1 industrial production industrial robots, like traditional numerical control systems, consist of control units, drive units and actuators. It is mainly used in the production line of mechanical equipment, or in a complex and harsh working environment, to complete the work that is difficult for human beings, greatly improving the working conditions and ensuring the production quality and personal safety.
In actual operation, the control unit consists of a computer system, which directs the robot to send instructions to the drive unit according to the program written into the kernel, complete the expected operation, and simultaneously detect and execute the action. Once an error or fault occurs, the sensing system and the detection system feed back to the control unit, and send out alarm signals and corresponding protection actions. The actuator consists of servo system and mechanical parts. The power part provides power for the actuator, so that the actuator can complete the specified operation under the action of the driving element.
2.2 Coal mining machinery Modern coal mining machines have developed rapidly and have many varieties, all of which are produced in small batches. Welded parts are more and more used in the blank manufacturing of various casings, and it is difficult to realize the problem of single-piece blanking by traditional machining. Using numerical control gas cutting to replace the popular copying method in the past, the blade and drum of shearer are cut. So as to optimize the nesting selection scheme. Give full play to the advantages of fast cutting speed and reliable quality, and the welding groove of some parts can be directly cut, which greatly improves the production efficiency. At the same time, the NC gas cutting machine is equipped with an automatic adjustable slit compensation device. It allows programming the actual contour of parts, just like the radius compensation of milling cutter on CNC machine tools. In this way, the machining allowance of the blank can be accurately controlled by adjusting the compensation value of the slit.
2.3 Automobile Industry The automobile industry has developed rapidly in recent 20 years. In the process of rapid development, the processing technology of automobile parts is also developing rapidly. The appearance of numerical control technology accelerates the realization of rapid manufacturing of complex parts.
High-speed flexible production line group consisting of high-speed machining center and other high-speed CNC machine tools? High flexibility? With what? Efficient? In one, it can not only meet the requirements of product upgrading, but also realize one-time investment and long-term benefit, and has the production efficiency close to the rigid automatic line of modular machine tools, thus breaking the related problems in automobile production. Economic scale? Based on the traditional concept, the high-efficiency production of many varieties and small and medium batches has been realized. Rapid prototyping manufacturing technology in NC machining technology can be realized conveniently and quickly in the processing and manufacturing of complex parts. In addition, virtual manufacturing technology, flexible manufacturing technology and integrated manufacturing technology in numerical control technology have been widely and deeply applied in automobile manufacturing industry. The automobile manufacturing industry in 2 1 century has been inseparable from the application of NC machining technology.
2.4 Machine tool equipment Mechanical equipment is the top priority of mechanical manufacturing. Facing the demand of modern machinery manufacturing industry, machine tools with control ability are an important part of modern mechatronics products. Computer numerical control technology provides good machine tool control ability for machinery manufacturing industry, that is, computer control devices are applied to machine tools, that is, numerical control technology is used to control the machining of machine tools. This machine tool is a numerical control machine tool. It is a mechatronics product that realizes machine tool control through code. It records the digital codes of various operations and sequential actions, such as the relative position between the cutter and the workpiece, the speed change of the spindle, the selection of the cutter, the start and stop of the cooling pump, etc. On the control medium, control instructions are issued to control the servo system or other executive parts of the machine tool, so that the machine tool can automatically process the required parts.
3 the development of numerical control technology
It has been more than 50 years since the first CNC machine tool was successfully developed, from the traditional closed CNC system to the current open PC CNC system. Because of its closed architecture, the traditional computer numerical control system has difficulties in universality, software portability, function expansion and maintenance. With the development of open computer numerical control system, the market of traditional computer numerical control system has been challenged. Open computer numerical control system adopts software modular architecture, which shows excellent performance, can adapt to various computer software platforms, has a unified user interaction environment, is convenient for operation, maintenance, update and software development, and has high cost performance, and has become the development direction of numerical control system.
4 conclusion
Mechanical manufacturing technology is not only an important symbol to measure a country's scientific and technological development level, but also the focus of international scientific and technological competition. China is in a critical period of economic development, and manufacturing technology is our weak link. The entry of PC into the field of numerical control has greatly promoted the development of numerical control technology, and provided an opportunity for China to catch up with developed countries in the field of numerical control production. Keep up with the world trend of developing advanced CNC manufacturing technology, put it in a strategic priority position, and implement it with sufficient strength to narrow the gap with developed countries as soon as possible and be invincible in the fierce market competition. At the same time, the development of CNC machining technology has bred a large number of CNC professional and technical personnel, which further promoted the prosperity of China's modern machinery manufacturing industry.
References:
Yan Ma. Popularization of numerical control technology in China wood industry [J]. Wood industry. 2006 (02)。
[2] Chen Guangming. Research on the principle and method of process design based on NC machining [J]. Manufacturing automation. 2005 (09)。
Nan Shengchun, Fu. On the application of numerical control technology in wood processing machinery [J]. Wood processing machinery, 2004(0 1).
[4] Sun Rongchuang. Development trend and strategy of numerical control technology and equipment [J]. China Science and Technology Information.2006 (12)
Numerical Control Technology Graduation Thesis Model Article III: CNC Machine Tool Maintenance Technology Abstract With the rapid development of domestic CNC machine tools, CNC machine tools gradually appear high-risk period. However, the current CNC maintenance work is chaotic and can't adapt to the rapid development of CNC industry. In order to adapt the CNC maintenance work to the development of modern manufacturing industry and improve the maintenance quality of CNC equipment, it is urgent to standardize the CNC maintenance industry. This paper expounds the maintenance methods of CNC machine tools to make them available and sustainable, and lays a solid foundation for standardizing the CNC maintenance industry.
Keywords numerical control; Machine tool; Maintenance; Technical analysis
With the rapid development of machining in China, there are more and more CNC machine tools. Because of the advanced nature and unstable faults of CNC machine tools, most faults appear in the form of comprehensive faults, so the maintenance of CNC machine tools is difficult and irregular, which makes the maintenance of CNC machine tools in a chaotic state. In order to standardize the maintenance of CNC machine tools and improve the utilization value of CNC machine tools, a five-step CNC maintenance method is proposed.
One,
1, specific to fault records
When the CNC machine tool fails, the operator should first stop the machine to protect the site, record the failure as detailed as possible, and notify the maintenance personnel in time.
(1) Record the situation when the fault occurs.
1) The model of the machine tool that failed, the model of the control system adopted, and the software version number of the system.
2) the phenomenon of the fault, the location where the fault occurs, and the phenomenon of the machine tool and the control system when the fault occurs.
3) Operation mode of the system when the fault occurs.
4) If the fault occurs in automatic mode, the machining program number, the program segment number and the tool number used in machining shall be recorded.
5) When the machining accuracy is out of tolerance or the contour error is too large, the number of machined workpieces shall be recorded, and the unqualified workpieces shall be kept.
6) When a fault occurs, if the system has an alarm display, record the alarm display and alarm number of the system.
7) Record the position following error value of each coordinate axis when the fault occurs.
8) Record the moving speed and direction of each coordinate axis, spindle speed, steering, etc. When a fault occurs.
(2) Record the failure frequency.
1) example of failure time and time period.
2) Environmental conditions at the time of failure.
3) If it is a failure when processing parts, the failure probability when processing similar workpieces shall be recorded.
4) Check whether the fault is related to? Feed speed? 、? How to change the knife? Or? Thread cutting? And other special actions.
(3) Regularity record of faults.
(4) Records of external conditions in case of failure.
2, fault inspection method
Before troubleshooting, the maintenance personnel should carefully check each center according to the fault phenomenon and fault record and the operating instructions of the system and machine tool, so as to confirm the cause of the fault. When the numerical control equipment fails, we should first find out the failure phenomenon, ask the operator about the first failure, observe the process of the failure when possible, and observe under what circumstances, how it happened and what consequences it caused. Find out the fault phenomenon, and then according to the working principle of machine tools and numerical control systems, we can quickly diagnose and eliminate the fault and restore the normal use of the equipment. Fault inspection includes:
(1) Check the working condition of the machine tool.
(2) Inspection of machine tool operation.
(3) Check the connection between the machine tool and the system.
(4) Appearance inspection of numerical control device.
During maintenance, the original data and inspection status shall be recorded. The more detailed the record, the more convenient the maintenance will be. Users had better prepare a breakdown maintenance record form. When the system fails, the operator can fill in all kinds of original data in time according to the requirements of the form for reference during maintenance.
3, fault diagnosis
Fault diagnosis is the second step of CNC machine tool maintenance. Whether fault diagnosis is in place directly affects the speed of troubleshooting, and also plays a role in preventing the occurrence and expansion of faults. First of all, maintenance personnel should follow the following two principles:
(1) Thoroughly check the fault site. This is an important means for maintenance personnel to obtain first-hand maintenance information.
(2) Carefully analyze the reasons for the failure. When analyzing faults, maintenance personnel should not be limited to the numerical control part, but should make a detailed inspection and comprehensive judgment on the high pressure, machinery, hydraulic and pneumatic aspects of the machine tool, so as to achieve the purpose of accurate diagnosis and final troubleshooting.
1) intuitive method. 2) System self-diagnosis method. 3) Parameter checking method. 4) Functional program testing method. 5) Component exchange method. 6) Measurement comparison method. 7) Principle analysis method. 8) Knocking method. 9) Local heating method. 10) transfer method.
In addition to the above fault detection methods, there are insertion method, voltage deviation method, tapping method and so on. These inspection methods have their own characteristics, and maintenance personnel can comprehensively analyze faults according to different phenomena, narrow the fault range and eliminate faults.
4. Maintenance methods
In the maintenance of CNC machine tools, the choice of maintenance methods is not in place, which directly affects the quality of machine tool maintenance. Maintenance methods often used in the maintenance process are as follows:
(1) Initializes the reset method. When the instantaneous fault causes the system alarm, the fault can be cleared by hardware reset or switching the system power supply in turn. If the working storage area of the system is chaotic due to power failure, unplugging the circuit board or battery undervoltage, the system must be initialized and cleared, and the data copy record should be made before clearing. If the fault cannot be eliminated after initialization, hardware diagnosis should be carried out.
(2) The parameters are modified and the program is more correct. System parameters are the basis of determining system functions. Wrong parameter setting may cause system failure or a function is invalid. Sometimes user program errors can also cause downtime, and all errors can be checked and corrected through the system search function to ensure its normal operation.
(3) Adjustment and optimization adjustment method. Adjustment is the easiest way. By adjusting the potentiometer, the system fault is corrected.
(4) Spare parts replacement method. Replacing the diagnosed bad circuit board with good spare parts, and carrying out corresponding initialization and startup, so that the machine tool can be put into normal operation quickly, and then repairing or repairing the bad circuit board is the most commonly used troubleshooting method at present.
(5) Improve the power quality laws. At present, regulated power supply is generally used to improve power supply fluctuation. Capacitance filtering method can be used for high frequency interference, and these preventive measures can reduce the failure of power board.
(6) Maintenance information tracking method. Some large manufacturing companies constantly modify and improve system software or hardware according to unexpected failures caused by design defects in actual work. These modifications are continuously provided to maintenance personnel in the form of maintenance information.
(7) repair methods. Repair, adjustment, reset of travel switch, desoldering, open circuit, mechanical failure, etc.
5, maintenance records in place
In the process of maintenance, there are many original data and states that need to be recorded and checked. The more detailed the record, the more convenient the maintenance. Users had better prepare a fault maintenance record form according to the actual situation of our factory. When the system fails, the operator can fill in all kinds of original data in time according to the requirements of the form for reference in further maintenance.
Usually maintenance records include the following aspects: (1) field records; (2) the reason for the failure; (3) solutions; (4) Remaining problems; (5) date and time of shutdown; (6) maintenance personnel; (7) Data recording.
Second, summary
The implementation of CNC machine tool maintenance technology can improve the maintenance speed of repetitive faults, improve the theoretical level and maintenance ability of maintenance personnel, help to analyze the failure rate and maintainability of equipment, improve operating procedures, improve the service life and utilization rate of machine tools, and fully realize the enjoyment of resources. Make it available and sustainable, and lay a solid foundation for standardizing the CNC maintenance industry.
References:
Sun Wei. Fault diagnosis and maintenance technology of numerical control equipment. Beijing National Defense Industry Press, 2008.
Yang Zhongli. Fault diagnosis and maintenance of CNC machine tools. Tianjin: Tianjin University of Technology Press, 2008.
[3], Li,. Diagnostic and maintenance manual of numerical control system. Beijing Machinery Industry Press, 2009.
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