Logic in life
The logic of theoretical form seems to be a mysterious girl with a veil on her face. Even through the teacher's explanation, her understanding is only a conceptual memory, but she still can't understand it. There is no doubt that logic is very important in our life. It is of great significance to understand logic and exercise our logical thinking. All theories are abstractions of life phenomena, so if we want to uncover the mystery of logic, we must restore logic to our lives and understand the logic in life.
Keywords: learning the meaning of logic, exercising logical thinking and life logic
We begin to study mathematics in primary school and physics, chemistry, biology and geography from junior high school to senior high school. These are considered as the basic subjects that we must study in order to survive. We seldom know that basic disciplines include mathematics, logic, astronomy and astrophysics, geography and space science, physics, chemistry and life science, but we have never studied logic systematically. Nevertheless, logical thinking is accompanied by human beings and permeates all aspects of social life.
The great politician Mao Zedong once said, "Logic is an independent science, and everyone should learn a little." The logician King also said: "Logic is essential for life, cognition and philosophy." If these words are not enough to explain the meaning of logic, then we can give some examples in life.
Logic is a bit like ubiquitous water, inconspicuous and easy to be ignored, but everyone can't live without it. We actually use it when we speak and write articles. If you don't talk about logic, you won't express your meaning clearly and cause ambiguity. I think everyone is still deeply impressed by the questions that modify sick sentences in the Chinese exam. To correctly express our thoughts, we must first talk about logic. If you don't talk about logic, you may make jokes. For example, "China has the Great Wall of Wan Li, which is not found in the world", but if you carefully identify it, you will find that the problem is "China has it" and "the world doesn't", which is a contradiction. Using logic can help us solve problems. I think everyone has heard this example: "One day, a foreign messenger saw Lincoln cleaning his boots and sarcastically said,' Oh, sir, you are so great! "Do you often clean your boots?" "Yes," Lincoln replied. "Whose boots are you cleaning?" ' "。 Clever Lincoln skillfully used logic to dissolve the ridicule.
Logic is so important that we constantly exercise our logical thinking in our study and life. First of all, as college students, we have a good external environment to learn the theoretical knowledge of logic. We can take some logic classes, consciously read some logic-related books such as Hegel's Little Logic, Interesting Logic and Logic and Wisdom in Life, and find some brainstorming-logical thinking exercises. In addition to reading and listening to lectures, we should also pay attention to discovering the logic around us. As long as we have the heart, we can dig out the logical problems in life.
Remember Einstein's clever question, "Einstein asked his students:' Two people climbed out of the chimney, one with soot on his face and the other clean. Which one do you think should take a bath? "The dirty one, of course. The student said naturally. No, the dirty one sees each other clean and thinks he won't be dirty either. "Where will he take a bath?" "Logic is a profound thing. I can't find the logical problem above, but it makes me fall for that kind of wisdom.
Famous writer Mark? Twain once said in response to a reporter's question at a reception: "Some members of the US Congress are sons of bitches." Later, he published an "apology notice" in The New York Times, which was ostensibly an "apology", but in fact it was the same as what he said at the reception. Mark? Twain's statement that "some members of the United States Congress are sons of bitches" is a special positive judgment with the structure of "some S are P". The phrase "some members of the US Congress are not sons of bitches" in the later "Apology Notice" is a special negative judgment with the structure of "some S are not P". Judging from the relationship, we can know that "some s are p" and "some s are not p" can be the same. That is to say, even if the judgment that "some members of the US Congress are not sons of bitches" put forward in the "Apology Notice" is true, it does not mean that his judgment that "some members of the US Congress are sons of bitches" at the banquet is false. So, mark. Twain continued to express his contempt for senator Washington in a clever way in the so-called "apology notice"
We often see such a joke: "Make a sentence with' sadness'". A student replied, "The ditch in front of our house is very sad." The word "sad" in the question should refer to emotional sadness, and the students secretly changed it to "insurmountable". This is a logical topic of stealing, which violates the law of identity. In class, the teacher asked the students to make a sentence with the word "sugar". A pupil replied, "Dad is drinking tea". The teacher asked, "Where is the sugar?" The student replied, "In terms of tea, my father drinks black tea with sugar." In fact, the student stole the word "sugar" and violated the law of identity.
When watching TV series, if you don't just focus on the plot, you will find many logical errors in the lines. For example, in a costume TV series, the eunuch quickly said, "Give a feast!" The little emperor said in a panic, "Give him the inkstone quickly!" The little emperor changed the "banquet" to "giving inkstone". This makes us confirm the logical principle: the little emperor stole the concept and violated the law of identity. Another example is the scene where Yi Ping sends Shu Huan in Qiong Yao's famous drama It's raining hard. Shu Huan said that "the eight-year war of resistance will soon pass ..." How did he know it was eight years according to the plot?
In a management class, the teacher asked us to do a game experiment of information communication. Our group got "he doesn't love you as much as he thought, but it doesn't mean he won't love you wholeheartedly." As the sender of the first message, I understand this passage as "maybe he doesn't love you as much as he thinks, but he loves you wholeheartedly." At that time, I was confident that I had condensed a long story very well, but I didn't know that I had made a big logical mistake and took the choice as affirmation.
As long as we listen carefully to our daily conversations, we can often find logical problems. Xiao Li is a senior employee of Coca-Cola Company in China. That's impossible. Xiao Li only drinks Pepsi. Judging from this passage, B's statement implies a premise that "generally all senior staff only drink our company's products".
In Marx's Basic Principles last semester, logic theory was also widely involved. For example, the famous "white horse is not a horse" is the universality and particularity of contradiction in dialectical method and the distinction between connotation and extension in logic.
We often ask "when two plus three equals five" in brain teasers, and we will quickly answer "when did we do something wrong?" It is not difficult for most people to get it right this time, but if you want to answer it from a logical point of view, I am afraid that few people can answer it. In fact, the answer is: "If 1 plus 1 is not equal to two, then two plus three is not equal to five." This is a sufficient condition for hypothetical judgment. Some similar questions can also be handled in this way. For example, someone pushed the moon into the Atlantic Ocean. What do you think should be done to get it out? It is absolutely impossible to stuff the moon into the Atlantic Ocean. However, since this is the premise, the answer is simple: you put it in and I'll take it out. Obviously, this is a problem that can only be solved by using hypothetical judgment as a thinking tool.
In life, as long as we pay more attention to observation and analysis at any time and use the logical knowledge we have learned to look at problems, over time, we will know how to use logical skills and how to use logic to solve problems in real life, and we will optimize our logical thinking ability.
References: Interesting Logic? -Peng Yilian
Logic and wisdom in life? -Zhang Zhiguang
Examination questions and analysis of logic for postgraduate entrance examination? -Tsinghua University Press.