After the calf is born, we should also pay attention to the discharge of the cow's afterbirth. Generally, cows discharge the placenta 2-8 hours after the fetus is discharged. If the placenta exceeds 65,438+02 hours (it should not exceed 4-6 hours in summer, so as to prevent the decay of placenta from causing cow uterus infection), a veterinarian must be asked to take timely measures to deal with it. Check whether the discharged placenta is complete and send it away immediately.
Postpartum cows have poor digestive function and poor appetite, so they are still fed with prenatal diet on the first day after delivery. From the second day after delivery, according to the health status and appetite of dairy cows, 0.5 ~ 1.5 kg concentrate was added every day, and the palatability of feed was paid attention to. At the same time, we should always pay attention to the digestion and breast edema of dairy cows during the feeding process. If we find indigestion, thin or foul feces, or persistent breast induration and edema, we should reduce the concentration appropriately. After returning to normal, gradually increase the concentrate. Control the supply of silage, root tuber and succulent plants. When the cow has a good appetite, normal feces, clean lochia and the physiological swelling of the breast disappears, it should be fed according to the standard.
Cows should express colostrum to feed calves immediately after delivery. Because the cow's edema has not recovered and its physical strength is weak, it is not appropriate to completely squeeze the milk out of the breast within 3 days after delivery. On the first day, only enough milk can be squeezed out for the calf. On the second day,13 of the milk in the breast was expressed, and on the third day,12 of the milk in the breast was expressed. From the fourth day, all the milk can be squeezed out. This is beneficial to the early recovery of dairy cows' physique and prevents diseases such as milk fever caused by a large number of lactation.
Dairy cows should not drink cold water in postpartum 1 week to avoid gastroenteritis. Generally, the optimum water temperature should be controlled at about 37℃, and it can be gradually reduced to normal temperature after 1 week. In order to stimulate appetite, cows should be advised to drink as much water as possible, but for cows with severe breast edema, the amount of drinking water should be properly controlled.
It is a normal physiological phenomenon for dairy cows to discharge lochia after delivery. From the discharge of lochia, we can know the degree of uterine recovery. On the first day after delivery, lochia was discharged as a blood sample and then turned into a brown colloidal sample; For about a week, it is transparent mucus without odor; After about 2 weeks, the vagina was basically drained and the vulva was clean and returned to normal. Because the uterus has self-purification ability, under normal circumstances, there is no need to wash the vagina or uterus with drugs. If lochia is taupe, smelly, and has been discharged for more than three weeks, rectal examination or vaginal examination should be carried out to make a clear diagnosis so as to treat it as soon as possible.