2. What are the parody methods of Chinese composition in primary schools? Is to write a composition like an example.
Generally speaking, a composition can never be written. From poor to good, it has to go through the process from imitation to creation. Students all know that extensive reading can accumulate a lot of writing materials, and writing will be handy.
On the other hand, if the basic reading skills are not solid, it is impossible to write high-quality and high-level compositions. Therefore, students should attach great importance to reading analysis in Chinese class, so as to master certain writing methods and skills and imitate compositions in a targeted manner.
Learning example: When learning each text, we should not only understand what is written in the text and express the author's thoughts and feelings, but more importantly, we should know which words and phrases the author used, in what order and in what way. Specifically, when reading and analyzing the text, students can start from the following seven aspects: (1) Understanding the topic; (2) Understand profound words and expressions; (3) Correctly divide the levels of paragraphs and summarize the meaning of paragraphs or levels; (4) Distinguish the primary and secondary contents of the article and the details; (5) Find and understand the central sentence and summarize the central idea; (6) Pay attention to the connection and transition between paragraphs; (7) Find out the order in which the author observes and narrates things. Inference: After understanding the above problems, students can also choose appropriate topics in combination with the guidance tips of this unit and practice composition fragments by using the writing methods learned in textbooks, so as to understand, apply and consolidate the selected materials and learning writing methods.
In other words, when writing a composition, students can contact this unit or some texts they have learned before and learn from the expression; You can also read the materials related to the theme of this composition, enrich the writing materials, improve your cognitive ability, and lay the foundation for completing the composition independently. For example, we will learn the writing method of this article and write a composition about this writer after learning "Young Runtu".
In order to write this composition well, please first recall how the author describes the characteristics of juvenile leap soil. By reading the original text, students can easily see that the author not only grasped the appearance of the young leap soil (purple round face, wearing a small felt hat and a bright silver collar around his neck. ), behavior, language and other external characteristics, but also selected typical events (catching birds, watching melons and thorns, picking shells, watching jumping fish) to reveal the internal characteristics of young leap soil: rich knowledge, smart and capable, lively and lovely.
Then let the students think about how to write about the people they want to write about. According to the writing of "Young Runner", the students clearly stated that they should: (1) describe the mother's external characteristics, but don't scratch her eyebrows and beard, pay attention to the key points, and must serve to highlight the central idea; (2) Reveal the inherent characteristics of mothers with typical examples: a, the little things in life-meanness; B, educating people and helping others-generous ... In addition, students can also collect a series of materials according to their own life experience, but they should choose the materials that can highlight the characteristics of the characters according to their own needs. Review the new work: after selecting the materials, students should strike while the iron is hot, use the self-study class to complete the first draft and hand it over to the teacher for review in time. The teacher classifies the students' homework according to the content and puts forward some preliminary opinions: (1) It meets the requirements and describes the details; (2) It meets the requirements and is more specific; (3) It basically meets the requirements and the description is not specific; (4) Do not meet the requirements, and the description is not specific.
In this way, students can re-examine the composition requirements, make a positive or negative ruling, and make clear whether their articles should be revised or re-selected. In short, when reading and analyzing the text, students should not only master the main content of each article, but more importantly, while reading and analyzing the text content, they should also focus on learning the writing method of this article, and flexibly apply it to their own compositions, and learn and appreciate each text in the textbook as an "example exercise" to tap the uniqueness of the writing method. Such long-term accumulation will surely lead to excellent exercises. It should be noted that (1) writing mainly imitates the writing structure, order or method of writing examples, and it is absolutely impossible to copy the content or make a new face, and the theme of the article should be re-selected.
(2) Before writing, carefully study the sample, understand the content, summarize the writing structure and method of the sample, and then consider your own material selection, layout and expression according to it. (3) The theme of parody must be familiar to you, and you must not copy it mechanically.
In order to conform to the example in narrative order or expression, other aspects can be bold and innovative. For more details, please pay attention to the subscription number and talk to parents about primary school Chinese.
3. The method of writing a composition is clear: The following skills are based on China's exam-oriented education methods. So I only wrote the methods that can be used in the exam. There are many writing skills on other topics, so you don't have to consider your personal opinions to avoid wasting time and energy.
First, how to write a composition? First of all, you can clearly express your thoughts and feelings, and then you can express your best words in your composition. On this basis, if you can have some novel ideas or novel expressions, you can use them appropriately. You can't just go hunting
Write your own real feelings and opinions when writing chapters. Advocate writing something in everyone's heart, something that everyone doesn't write. "
Only when you have experienced it, when you write it, can you have true feelings. Because there is such a true feeling, it is something that I have thought about and experienced after writing it. Such things are very valuable things in life, and writing them will win readers.
Second, a variety of composition writing skills: a, narrative-four-paragraph description method 1, "choose to go deep": describe people, things and things in detail, not just mention them; It is better to describe a few things in detail than to mention a lot hastily. For example, if someone is fat, don't mention such unimportant things as his long hair.
2. "Make good use of metaphors": use "For example, he is very tall.
His extraordinary height almost touches the ceiling, and even the longest bed is not big enough. It is simply a personal tower. Third, "idioms and proverbs": can enrich the article.
Adding idioms or proverbs at appropriate times can make the finishing point. Of course, remember not to overdo it. There is no other way to add idioms to the whole article, but to recite idioms, proverbs, celebrity quotations, meditation, poems and so on. Fourth, "make good use of examples": there are many explanations, so it is better to give an actual example.
For example, after describing how much Xiao Mingcan ate, I immediately gave an example: "Once, Xiao Ming and I went to the night market after dinner, and found that he ate three plates of stinky tofu, a bowl of pig blood soup, a cup of mung bean paste and a pack of egg cakes. Oh, my God, when he got home, his mother asked him if he wanted to have a midnight snack. He nodded and said, "OK, OK, I'm hungry again! In this way, the article must be much more vivid and interesting! B, argumentative-explanatory syllogism 1. The characteristic of explanatory writing is to explain what the topic is. Take "my troubles" as an example to explain what my troubles are.
2. Explanatory text can be divided into three parts: solving problems, explaining and summarizing expectations. Third, the first paragraph is to solve the problem, that is, to roughly explain the topic, give examples, and associate it all around.
Taking this topic as an example, it is necessary to explain what "worry" is, what different troubles different people have, and what influence it will have. Fourth, the second paragraph is explanation, which should be explained in depth according to your own ideas, viewpoints, experiences and solutions. It can be divided into several items according to your personal opinion.
Taking this topic as an example, we might as well break it down into several paragraphs to elaborate. After explaining, don't forget to add solutions and strategies. For example, "My biggest worry is playing the piano. Every time I practice …, I think in order to overcome this "sound barrier", I must … (the first worry and solution strategy) Secondly, the application problem of mathematics, for me.
The teacher suggested that I ... (the second worry and solution strategy) The last little worry is that I am too short and in the sixth grade.
After seeing the doctor several times, I decided. (The third worry and solution strategy) 5. In the last paragraph, talk about your thoughts, feelings and expectations.
C, essay-practical four-paragraph essay 1. The essay of filial piety is that China's children must be full of love and hate. What they love is that this is our unique social system in China, the beginning of social welfare system and the best demonstration of social division of labor; What I hate is that this kind of essay is the easiest to flow, the same, and there is no place. However, many people have written about this "sour" topic, but not many people can write it well.
Second, the biggest taboo of essays is "insincere". Say something you don't necessarily think is right, and cobble together an unintelligible article. It's about thinking with your brain and really thinking from your own point of view. Third, practice the four-paragraph theory: (1) Problem solving: What does this topic mean? Need I explain more? What are the sayings in ancient and modern China and abroad? What idioms, proverbs and allusions are there? (2) Reflection: What is the status quo of the general public and myself? Are there any good examples at all times and in all countries? (3) Strategy: How to practice this topic? Can I do that? What can be done? (4) Expectation: What do I expect from this topic? How do you feel? Do you have any heartfelt words? Who can you quote to encourage yourself and become the motto of continuing to work hard? Fourthly, this four-paragraph article on law is stable and rich in structure. If some ingenious ideas are added to the connection of large sections, people will feel that Kan Kan is talking, and some history or allusions will be more interesting. But what's the last step? It is to have "sincerity, truthfulness and true feelings" behind it.
4. The method of writing a composition It is not easy to write a good composition. It requires long-term efforts in many aspects. At ordinary times, we should strengthen reading and have a good class. It is necessary to have a deep understanding of the text content and expression skills, read a large number of excellent works at all times and in all countries, and learn knowledge nutrition and writing skills from them; Read more books, pay attention to things around you, be a conscientious person in life, and pay attention to accumulating rich writing materials; Writing more means practicing writing more, so that "practice makes perfect".
(1) Examining the topic: Examining the topic refers to carefully reading the topic before writing, and carefully reading every word and punctuation in the topic (some topics contain punctuation).
(2) Set the center
1, the center should be meaningful and healthy. The content of an article that praises (or praises), criticizes (or exposes) and expounds a truth should be educated or inspired by others after reading it. If this goal can be achieved, then this article is positive.
2. The center should be centralized. An article must be written around one center, not scattered, and there cannot be two (or more) centers.
3. The center should be novel. We should be good at examining materials from multiple levels, angles and aspects, so as to see the big from the small and dig out new ideological content from the outside to the inside that others have not discovered. Determine the central idea, some of which can be seen directly from the topic; Some composition topics have directly defined the central idea, but have defined the general scope of determining the central idea; Some composition topics do not involve the central idea at all, but only stipulate the scope of choosing writing materials, but avoid the problem of unclear central idea.
(3) choose the right materials to write a composition. After reviewing the meaning of the topic and determining the center, we should choose the appropriate materials according to the needs of the central idea. All materials closely related to the center should be grasped, all materials irrelevant to the center should be discarded, and all materials that can profoundly express the center are the focus of our choice. Choose composition materials, but also pay attention to the following points:
1, the material should be true. We should try our best to write out what we have seen, heard and felt, so as to write a good article with true feelings. Of course, the requirement of true content does not exclude reasonable imagination and association in the article.
2. The materials should be typical. Sometimes there are many materials to choose from, so we have to make a comparative analysis and choose the material that best reflects the central idea from these available materials. This material is usually a very typical material.
3. The materials should be specific. When writing a composition, people (grasping the characters' language, movements, demeanor and psychological activities), events (writing clearly the cause, process and result of events), events and scenes must be vividly written. Therefore, the content of the material we choose must be specific, rich and thorough, in order to achieve the purpose of writing concrete and vivid articles.
(4) After making the outline, determining the center and selecting materials, we should carefully organize and arrange, what to write first, what to write later, what to write in detail, what to write briefly, how to start, end and transition, all of which need careful conception and overall design. This is the layout. In order to prevent negligence and confusion in writing, we need to write a writing outline for the content of the idea, and then write it paragraph by paragraph according to the writing outline. A writing outline generally includes the following parts: composition topic, central idea, main points, paragraph level, etc. Generally speaking, you should pay attention to the following three points when writing an outline: ① Always focus on the center of the article. ② There should be reasonable ideas and clues, which can be time clues, development clues, object clues or character clues. (3) Grasp the main points and be considerate. What to write in detail, what to write briefly, how to start and end, etc. Should be considered.
(5) Write the first draft
After completing the above four steps, the general outline of an article has been formed in your mind, and writing it is the first draft of the article. When writing the first draft, we should pay attention to the following four points:
1. Write step by step according to the writing outline, paying attention to the beginning, end, transition and details.
2. Write whatever you want, and try to do it in one go. If you have difficulty in making sentences with words, you can leave them blank and continue writing.
3, the sentence should be simple and clear, easy to understand, and have true feelings. Pay attention to the use of punctuation.
4. Pay attention to the topic in the composition and point out the center appropriately.
(6) Revising and copying the composition is an indispensable and important link in writing. The process of revising composition is the process of improving writing ability through training. Some people compare the revision to the beauty of the article, which is very vivid. How to modify the composition? Mr. Lu Xun once said: "It is not a pity to read it at least twice after writing and try to delete unnecessary words, sentences and paragraphs." After I finish the first draft of the composition, I must read and think carefully, first the whole, then the part, first the content, then the text, and carefully scrutinize and find out the problems. The specific steps and methods are as follows: see if the content of the article is relevant and the center is clear. Whether the content is closely related to the center and related to the center. Delete irrelevant content and sentences irrelevant to the center. If the materials related to the center are not clear and specific, they should be rewritten clearly and specifically, and the missing places should be made up. Second, see if the article is coherent. Whether the arrangement of paragraph level is appropriate and reasonable. Compared with the outline, is it detailed, appropriate and focused? If there is something wrong, it should be adjusted or changed. If there are repeated paragraphs, they should be deleted. Third, look at whether the sentences in the article are fluent and whether the words are accurate. Use words to make sentences, speak appropriately, and correct what is unreasonable and unnecessary. Fourth, see if there are any typos and punctuation marks in the article. Try to eliminate typos and inappropriate punctuation marks, correct them, and after finalizing them, copy them neatly into the exercise book in block letters.
5. What are the methods to imitate a primary school Chinese composition? Is to write a composition like an example. Generally speaking, a composition can never be written. From poor to good, it has to go through the process from imitation to creation. Students all know that extensive reading can accumulate a lot of writing materials, and writing will be handy. On the other hand, if the basic reading skills are not solid, it is impossible to write high-quality and high-level compositions. Therefore, students should attach great importance to reading analysis in Chinese class, so as to master certain writing methods and skills and imitate compositions in a targeted manner.
Learning example: When learning each text, we should not only understand what is written in the text and express the author's thoughts and feelings, but more importantly, we should know which words and phrases the author used, in what order and in what way. Specifically, when reading and analyzing the text, students can start from the following seven aspects:
(1) Understand the topic;
(2) Understand profound words and expressions;
(3) Correctly divide the levels of paragraphs and summarize the meaning of paragraphs or levels;
(4) Distinguish the primary and secondary contents of the article and the details;
(5) Find and understand the central sentence and summarize the central idea;
(6) Pay attention to the connection and transition between paragraphs;
(7) Find out the order in which the author observes and narrates things.
Inference: After understanding the above problems, students can also combine the guidance tips of this unit, choose appropriate topics, and practice composition fragments by using the writing methods learned in textbooks, so as to understand, apply and consolidate the selected materials and learning writing methods. In other words, when writing a composition, students can contact this unit or some texts they have learned before and learn from the expression; You can also read the materials related to the theme of this composition, enrich the writing materials, improve your cognitive ability, and lay the foundation for completing the composition independently.
For example, we will learn the writing method of this article and write a composition about this writer after learning "Young Runtu". In order to write this composition well, please first recall how the author describes the characteristics of juvenile leap soil. By reading the original text, students can easily see that the author not only grasped the appearance of the young leap soil (purple round face, wearing a small felt hat and a bright silver collar around his neck. ), behavior, language and other external characteristics, but also selected typical events (catching birds, watching melons and thorns, picking shells, watching jumping fish) to reveal the internal characteristics of young leap soil: rich knowledge, smart and capable, lively and lovely. Then let the students think about how to write about the people they want to write about.
According to the writing of "Young Runner", the students clearly stated that they should: (1) describe the mother's external characteristics, but don't scratch her eyebrows and beard, pay attention to the key points, and must serve to highlight the central idea; (2) Reveal the inherent characteristics of mothers with typical examples: a, the little things in life-meanness; B, educating people and helping others-generous ... In addition, students can also collect a series of materials according to their own life experience, but they should choose the materials that can highlight the characteristics of the characters according to their own needs.
Review the new work: after selecting the materials, students should strike while the iron is hot, use the self-study class to complete the first draft and hand it over to the teacher for review in time. The teacher classifies the students' homework according to the content and puts forward some preliminary opinions:
(1) meets the requirements and is specific;
(2) It meets the requirements and is more specific;
(3) It basically meets the requirements and the description is not specific;
(4) Do not meet the requirements, and the description is not specific.
In this way, students can re-examine the composition requirements, make a positive or negative ruling, and make clear whether their articles should be revised or re-selected. In short, when reading and analyzing the text, students should not only master the main content of each article, but more importantly, while reading and analyzing the text content, they should also focus on learning the writing method of this article, and flexibly apply it to their own compositions, and learn and appreciate each text in the textbook as an "example exercise" to tap the uniqueness of the writing method. This long-term accumulation will surely lead to excellent exercises.
It should be noted that (1) writing mainly imitates the writing structure, order or method of writing examples, and it is absolutely impossible to copy the content or make a new face, and the theme of the article should be re-selected. (2) Before writing, carefully study the sample, understand the content, summarize the writing structure and method of the sample, and then consider your own material selection, layout and expression according to it. (3) The theme of parody must be familiar to you, and you must not copy it mechanically. In order to conform to the example in narrative order or expression, other aspects can be bold and innovative.
For more details, please pay attention to the subscription number and talk to parents about primary school Chinese.
6. What are the ways to write a composition? How to write a good composition?
1, a good article comes from life, write what you see and hear; Write your own personal experience; Write your true feelings, so that the article will be vivid and touching.
2. Writing is not accomplished overnight. But in the face of today's exam-oriented education, we might as well learn some skills. For example, recite more paragraphs at ordinary times, with a good beginning and a good ending. To prepare for the exam.
3. Read more, study hard and learn from it. Good articles, good words and sentences, learn to accumulate.
4. Create a novel and unique article title. Sometimes you can get twice the result with half the effort.
5. Keeping a diary can not only practice writing, but also accumulate materials.
6. Learn to quote famous sayings and immortal poems to make your article more convincing.
7. Usage of good words and sentences. Good words and sentences used in the article can add color to your article and sublimate it. But it should be just right, not too much, too much will appear flashy.
8. apply what you have learned, that is, the ability to change, and change with the same.
7. How to guide middle school students to imitate Chinese composition?
"Imitation" is interpreted by the dictionary as "learning to do something ready-made". Generally speaking, the acquisition of skills is always inseparable from imitation, and so is the writing of middle school students. In order to turn the writing knowledge learned in and out of class into ability, we must learn from the articles we read by imitation, and get the essentials of writing from them, so as to improve our expressive ability. Imitation is a common training method in middle school composition teaching. If we can teach students some imitation methods in time, we will get twice the result with half the effort.
Mr. Ye Shengtao said, "Reading is absorption, writing is pouring out" and "Reading is the basis of writing". ("Two Basic Concepts of Chinese Teaching") It can be seen that the first step of parody is to choose a model essay for in-depth experience. Model essays come from texts selected from textbooks and extracurricular reading materials designated by teachers or selected by students. These are excellent achievements written by predecessors or others, with high taste, standardization, demonstration and acceptability, and are suitable for students to imitate. Mr. Liu said: "It is of great benefit to adopt the method from the beginning to the middle, so that students can climb the mountain, overlook the sea and broaden their horizons." (Writing Teaching Theory)
First, the choice of model essay
The choice of model essay is guided by the teaching purpose of each imitation training and has a clear direction. You can't blindly touch birds and read books at will, which wastes time. For example, in the narrative writing teaching of senior one, Chekhov's "The Man on the Cover" is chosen as a model essay when using the writing method of reflecting the reality from the side and the front, so that students can carefully analyze how the article describes the main character Rykov and learn from it, and then apply this multi-angle writing method to their own compositions.
Second, imitate the writing method
When students get some inspiration from the model essay, understand one or several expression points, and are eager to try in their own composition, they reach the second link of parody, that is, learn to express creatively and independently, and write articles with certain depth and novelty.
Imitation writing has its own methods to follow, and it is a bridge between model writing and imitation writing, which should be chosen according to the needs of imitation. The first method of parody is to take meaning, that is, to write an article by imitating the content of the model essay. It includes three situations. One is written by a model essay, which is written by imitation. For example, taking Jia Zuzhang's Lychee in June in Zhou Nan as a model essay, it is required to take "Apricot" as the object of explanation, and explain it according to the main idea of the model essay in combination with materials. The second is to imitate the main spiritual content of the model essay. For example, Zhu Ziqing's "Spring" is used as a model essay to write "Footsteps of Spring", which depicts the touching scene of the earth returning to the earth in spring and praises the hope and strength brought by the vitality of spring. The third is to change the angle of the model essay and still choose the materials in the model essay to write. For example, taking the text "Blessing" as a model essay, the story of Xianglinsao is written in a positive way, depicting a female image persecuted by feudal ethics. The second method of imitation writing is imitation, that is, writing your own content by imitating the structure, expression and sentence characteristics of the model essay. It contains two situations. One is full imitation, which imitates the original form as a whole. For example, writing "What should we live for?" can completely imitate the structural layout of Russell's "Why do I live for?" First, directly answer the proposition, make a concrete exposition in the central part, and finally make a summary to show the principles of life I pursue. If it can be written simply and naturally, "new wine in old bottles" will be a better imitation. The second is a little imitation, only imitating one or two points of the model essay. The range of point imitation is very wide, including sentence patterns, paragraphs, beginning and end, association, observation, narration, description, explanation, lyric, discussion and so on. And all kinds of techniques can be imitated.
Third, imitation should be innovative.
The third link of parody is to make students understand that parody is not simply copying gourd, but mastering various writing methods of the article on the basis of imitation, and gradually innovating, and finally writing a good article with its own unique views. To achieve this goal, we need to pay attention to three points in imitation writing: first, we must determine the imitation point. Imitation point refers to the point to be imitated in the model essay, which can be expressed in one place or in several places. This is the connection and similarity between model essay and parody, and the key to parody is to determine imitation of Wen Dian. The determination of imitation points should be based on the characteristics of the model essay, the most obvious and prominent writing characteristics in the model essay, and the actual situation of students, which is only suitable for students to imitate. Second, parody should be natural and appropriate. It is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the selected model essay, understand the uniqueness of the model essay in writing, so as to imitate its essence and express its content in the form of others. Third, parody should be gradual. Practice a little imitation at first, and gradually carry out full imitation; Practice the imitation of sentence paragraphs at first, and gradually imitate the structure, writing and expression; It can be rigid at first and gradually achieve creative imitation. Achieved the goal from easy to difficult, from shallow to deep, from imitation to creation.