With the continuous development and change of society, the ideological and political work in colleges and universities presents new situations, new problems, new challenges and new features. Ideological and political workers in colleges and universities must adapt to the requirements of the times, change the thinking mode of traditional education, and build a people-oriented ideological education concept. In this paper, the people-oriented ideological and political education model will be discussed in depth, and some methods and measures to establish a new education model will be put forward to promote the harmonious development of ideological and political work in colleges and universities.
Keywords: people-oriented; ideological and political education
Over the past 30 years of reform and opening up, profound changes have taken place in society. Under the new situation, the Third Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee clearly pointed out: "Adhere to the people-oriented, establish a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development concept, and promote the all-round development of economy and people", and emphasized Scientific Outlook on Development's guiding role in social development and building a harmonious socialist society in an all-round way. As an organization that inherits civilization, cultivates talents, creates knowledge, serves the society and spreads advanced culture, colleges and universities play an important role in the process of building a harmonious society. College students are valuable human resources of the country and the main builders of a harmonious socialist society. Therefore, doing a good job in ideological and political education of college students and cultivating them into harmonious people is the basis and premise of building a harmonious socialist society. So how should we do well the ideological and political work in colleges and universities in the new period of social transformation and development? How to make ideological and political education in colleges and universities adapt to and promote the requirements of current social development? This paper holds that in order to realize this requirement, the ideological and political education of college students should be changed from the traditional education mode to a brand-new education mode-people-oriented ideological and political education mode to meet the requirements of social development and change.
First, the current ideological and political education in colleges and universities problems and status quo
Ideological and political education is a complex systematic project. Ideological and political educators, educational objects, educational contents, educational purposes, educational methods, educational systems and social environment affect the realization of educational goals and tasks from different aspects. At present, under the background of economic globalization, the pace of China's reform and opening up is accelerating, and various major new changes in the economic field will inevitably bring great impacts and new challenges to ideology, ideological culture, science and technology education and other fields, profoundly affecting China's politics, culture and concepts, and impacting people's old concepts and consciousness. It will be more difficult to adhere to the Marxist ideological line, and the pressure to carry out ideological and political education and ideological and theoretical construction in colleges and universities will also increase, which poses a challenge to ideological and political education in colleges and universities. At the same time, the establishment of socialist market economy has promoted the economic development of China, and produced new ideas and concepts (such as competition awareness, innovation awareness, time concept, benefit concept, etc.). ) adapted to the progress of society and enriched the spiritual world of college students. On the other hand, the negative factors of the market economy itself also have a negative impact on college students' thoughts. With the increasing diversification of economic components, organizational forms, employment methods, interest relations and distribution methods in social life, the independence, selectivity, variability and differences of college students' ideological activities are increasingly enhanced, and some college students breed money worship, hedonism and extreme individualism. At present, the problems existing in ideological and political work in colleges and universities are mainly manifested in the following aspects:
(A) With the social transformation, college students feel confused and confused in the face of open information and diverse ideas. With the continuous expansion of network coverage, students' ability to obtain and disseminate information has been greatly improved, and the amount of information has increased geometrically. As a result, the monopoly and authority of the classroom as the leading information channel are greatly weakened, the credibility of ideological and political education is reduced, and the authority is questioned and challenged. In the past, ideological and political educators in colleges and universities had absolute information advantages, and there was an information gap between them and students. However, with the advent of the information age, the information advantage of ideological and political educators is gradually losing. At the same time, students always study and live on campus, and the people they contact are relatively single, narrow in scope and simple in thinking. Once they face the society and encounter all kinds of complicated phenomena and practical problems, especially those that are very tempting and difficult to distinguish right from wrong, they will still be confused, confused, inaccurate in judgment and unable to grasp. These lead to a series of problems such as political apathy, distorted values and poor psychological quality of college students, which affect the healthy growth of students and make the role of ideological and political courses in colleges and universities not fully play.
(2) There has always been a misunderstanding in the practice of ideological and political theory work, thinking that students will know more as long as they are clear and talk more; As long as students know more, they will accept more and believe more; As long as you believe more, you will do well. This traditional "spoon-feeding" method is the main method to carry out ideological and political education in many colleges and universities at present. Through the scripted explanation, this paper tries to implant this theory into students' minds stiffly and simplify the formation process of complex ideological and moral quality. However, in teaching, too much attention is paid to the theoretical framework, which makes the applied ideological and political theory course go into a metaphysical misunderstanding. It can really solve students' practical problems, so that few students are in a fog. This training mode can be said to arm students' brains and improve their theoretical literacy to some extent, but it is not obvious to improve their other qualities. At the same time, due to the heavy workload of teaching in large classes, it is difficult for teachers to really understand students and "teach students in accordance with their aptitude". The lack of face-to-face communication and personalized communication between students and ideological and political educators leads to the ideological and political educators being ignorant of students' needs and focusing only on "preaching" rather than "dispelling doubts". Let students feel that ideological and political education is not helpful to real life, and they are still confused about some problems and unconvinced by the theoretical content, thus greatly reducing their enthusiasm for learning ideological and political theory.
(3) With the reform of higher education system, the mentality of teachers and students is becoming more and more complicated and changeable. Ideological and cognitive issues and theoretical and policy issues are often intertwined with personal interests, psychological barriers, interpersonal contradictions and many other factors, such as the evaluation of outstanding students, the evaluation of scholarships, wages and benefits. The tolerance of some teachers and students to the reform contrasts with the strength and speed of the reform, constantly inspiring new contradictions and constantly highlighting the original contradictions; Coupled with the trend of diversification of value orientation, utilitarianism of life attitude and marginalization of political orientation, ideological education in colleges and universities is becoming increasingly complex, and the tasks carried by ideological education in colleges and universities are also unprecedentedly complex and diverse. The air-to-air, didactic, indoctrinating and single ideological education model has become pale and powerless in the face of the change of interest structure and the interweaving of old and new contradictions.
At the same time, the concept of "attaching importance to knowledge and skills education and neglecting the cultivation of humanistic quality" is widespread in colleges and universities at present. Today's society needs students to learn to seek knowledge, learn to do things and learn to be a man. Talents in the 2 1 century should not only receive systematic education of modern science and technology and professional knowledge and skills, but also receive all-round cultivation of ideology and morality, personality and conduct, humanistic accomplishment and sound mind. Some colleges and universities still put the cultivation of students' professional knowledge and skills in the first place, ignoring the synchronous development of students' humanistic quality.
Second, establish a "people-oriented" concept of ideological and political education for college students
The so-called people-oriented, in the final analysis, is people-oriented, people-oriented premise and people-oriented purpose. In modern society, people-oriented thought has been paid more and more attention. People generally regard it as the measures, principles and requirements of economic and social development, as the need, pursuit and purpose of safeguarding people's interests. This thought has profound connotation and great practical significance. In his important speech at the national conference on strengthening and improving ideological and political education for college students, Hu Jintao emphasized: "School education and educating people are the foundation, and moral education is the first." The development of higher education objectively requires teachers to respect students' subjectivity, change their work style, improve their working methods and implement the people-oriented concept in ideological and political education.
Advocating the people-oriented mode of ideological and political education in colleges and universities, naturally this "person" refers to college students. It is to take students as the starting point, students as the foothold, students as the ultimate goal, serve students wholeheartedly, try our best to seek benefits for students, and do everything possible to promote their all-round development. People-oriented ideological and political work for college students not only requires us to be good at educating, guiding and reforming students, but also requires us to respect, understand and care for students, seriously respect their rights, safeguard their interests, enthusiastically help students solve practical problems and actively promote their all-round development. In other words, people-oriented should not only be based on ideological education, but also serve students and meet their needs. Instead of always standing on the role of manager, thinking that students are the object of management and have no concept of serving students. In the new era, the ideological and political education of college students should be student-oriented, focus on solving practical problems that students are most concerned about and closely related to, worry about students' urgency, think about students' thoughts, serve students' study and life, in a word, serve students' all-round success. The whole starting point and destination of ideological and political work is whether students are satisfied or not, whether they are happy or not, and whether they are conducive to their all-round growth.
(A) the necessity of people-oriented ideological and political education for college students
The Opinions of Central the State Council on Further Strengthening and Improving the Ideological and Political Education of College Students points out: "Strengthening and improving the ideological and political education of college students, improving their ideological and political literacy, and training them to be builders and successors of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics are of great significance for fully implementing the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and the strategy of strengthening the country through talents, ensuring that China is always invincible in the fierce international competition, ensuring the all-round construction of a well-off society, accelerating the realization of the grand goal of socialist modernization, and ensuring the prosperity of Socialism with Chinese characteristics's cause. Since the enrollment expansion of colleges and universities, the number of college students has increased dramatically, and it has reached millions at present. As a special social group, the stability of colleges and universities is particularly important. Its stability is not only related to the construction and development of colleges and universities themselves, but also to the overall situation of social development and stability. Nowadays, college students are all born in 1980s. Most of them are indifferent to politics and pay insufficient attention to social hotspots, which is inconsistent with their status as the main body of socialist construction. This requires a new way of ideological and political education to awaken college students' political enthusiasm and pay attention to people's livelihood. After graduation, college students will enter the society as the labor force of socialist construction. If they only have excellent professional quality without good and healthy values and outlook on life as guidance, there will also be an unfavorable situation in which their professional skills are used to undermine socialist construction. People-oriented ideological and political education will change the single way of preaching in the past, change the empty and boring theoretical preaching mode in the past, let the idea of respecting and understanding people take root in students' hearts, and let students form a humanistic idea.
(B) the establishment of a "people-oriented" new system of ideological and political work in colleges and universities
1, people-oriented, combining ideological and political education with solving students' practical problems.
In colleges and universities, quite a few students have psychological problems of one kind or another. If psychological problems are not effectively channeled, long-term siltation will lead to various social problems. This requires ideological and political workers in colleges and universities to have the quality of psychological counselors and solve various psychological problems for students. Of course, this is something that university educators sitting in their offices can't find. They need to blend in with students and get in close contact with them. Ideological and political workers should classify their goals according to the psychological development characteristics and educational laws of students at different stages of education, and carry out moral education and political education step by step. Carrying out the "people-oriented" educational concept will help to meet the spiritual needs of college students at different levels, give full play to the enthusiasm of self-education, self-management and self-service, and form a joint force of education and self-education, thus raising the ideological and political education of college students to a higher level in building a harmonious society. To establish the concept of "people-oriented" is to mobilize every student's inner enthusiasm in daily work, care for, respect and motivate students, be considerate of their warmth and coldness, and become their mentor.
2. Emancipate the mind, change ideas and strengthen the construction of ideological and political workers.
In school, teachers and students are the subjects of equal communication, so don't always stay in the role of students as educated and managed. "With the reform and development of higher education, especially the reform and adjustment of the running mode of higher education and the reform of the charging system in colleges and universities, education is not only a management activity, but also a consumption. College students are not only educatees but also consumers." Teachers and students are the main body of the school. Without teachers, schools cannot carry out normal teaching activities; Without students, school education will lose the object of education and the school will not develop. Therefore, teachers and students should respect and understand each other.
At the same time, on the whole, the current ideological and political education team of students is qualified in political literacy and personal morality, but there is still a big gap between the ability and ability to control and solve practical problems and the practical requirements. Therefore, every ideological and political worker. Everyone should give priority to improving their skills and abilities. To promote the development of students, we must first strengthen our own construction as builders. Building a high-level ideological and political education team combining full-time and part-time jobs is particularly important for building a new pattern of ideological and political education in colleges and universities in the new period and promoting the all-round development of students.
3. Pay attention to increasing the scientific and technological content and diversification of educational means.
Today's era is the network era, and college students are easy to accept new things and dare to try new things. Therefore, ideological and political educators in colleges and universities should "actively publicize"? Ideological and political education enters the network, dormitory and community. ? In the new form, the traditional educational carriers can no longer meet the needs of ideological and political work in colleges and universities, and we must make full use of the carriers such as networks, dormitories and societies to conduct comprehensive education for college students. "
4. Fully respect students' personalities, give full play to the role of student associations in ideological and political education, and pay attention to students' self-education and self-improvement.
There are many student organizations in colleges and universities, which are students' autonomous organizations. They gathered a group of like-minded students, and it is inevitable that they will influence each other. Then the content of ideological and political education can be injected into the activities of student associations, so that students can easily accept it. Yangtze University has a self-discipline committee, which has achieved the goal of "self-education, self-management and self-service" by jointly organizing various activities with the Student Affairs Office. It not only mobilized students' initiative and enthusiasm, but also achieved the goal of ideological and political education.