Cross-cultural communication direction model essay 1: the new trend of cross-cultural communication in international trade Abstract: The establishment of multinational corporations and the continuous integration of the world economy provide the possibility for cross-cultural communication. In the future, the world will be more open and people of all countries will have more frequent exchanges.
Keywords: international trade; Cross-cultural communication; New trend
introduce
With the development of world economic integration, the most important performance is the establishment of multinational corporations and the continuous development of international trade, which makes people of all countries have to travel frequently because of transactions. However, people from different countries and regions are often influenced by different cultural backgrounds, which makes communication difficult for various reasons. In international trade, all activities involve communication between people from different countries, and communication problems caused by different cultural backgrounds may seriously affect the development of international trade. In order to solve the communication barriers caused by different cultural backgrounds of people in different countries, it is more and more necessary to study cross-cultural communication. Under the background of international trade, business activities between people with different cultural backgrounds are becoming more and more frequent. The actual content of cross-cultural communication is the communication and cooperation between people from different countries and influenced by different cultures. In international trade exchanges, negotiations often fail because of language differences. Nonverbal communication refers to information expressed or transmitted in a way other than language, such as emotion and body movements. Because people from different countries have been influenced by different cultural backgrounds and beliefs since childhood, there are also great differences in emotional expression. The Influence of Cross-cultural Communication on International Trade
1. The influence of cross-cultural communication on opening up the international market
Because multinational companies set up branches abroad, they have to open up markets in different countries. According to the national conditions of different countries, the requirements for opening up markets are also different. At this time, the study of cross-cultural communication comes in handy. Only by fully understanding the national conditions, national living habits and needs of different countries can we conduct targeted market research in each country, which is conducive to the development of multinational companies' markets. On the contrary, if we blindly develop the market according to the national conditions because of different national conditions, it will often cause losses for the company. For example, if a women's clothing manufacturer wants to establish a branch in Arabia, it not only needs to work hard on clothing design, but also needs to consider the low status of women in the Arab region, and women can't wear too much in the Arab region. If exposed women's clothes such as bikinis are sold in this area, the result can be imagined. This shows the influence of cross-cultural communication on the development of international trade market.
2. The influence of cross-cultural communication on international trade cooperation
(1) In language communication, any negotiation needs to be conducted through language. However, the language differences between different countries are not formed overnight, and there are many examples of huge language differences leading to the failure of signing contracts. For example, in the process of business talks, when you meet for the first time to introduce yourself, you should first introduce your first name and surname. For example, in the United States, there is a kind called? Mary white? In international trade, if all trading members introduce each other when they meet for the first time, others should call her (him) when they are unfamiliar? Miss. White? Or? Mr. White. You can't call me by name until you are familiar with it? Get married? . The composition of these names is usually different for people in every country. In China, few people call themselves by their surnames instead of their first names.
(2) In terms of behavior habits, people in each country have different behavior habits because of the influence of their own cultural background and family environment. For example, for Germans, rigor is the rule they must follow in doing things. For the naturally romantic French, eating, drinking and having fun is their pursuit. There was once a German and a Frenchman talking about business at the dinner table. Germans insist that business should be finished before dinner, while French believe that business should be discussed after dinner.
(3) In terms of body movements, people from different countries show different habits when they meet and introduce each other for the first time. For example, China people shake hands to show friendship, and Japanese people bow to show friendship. It is not enough to just know the meaning of shaking hands or bowing, and the way of shaking hands is also very different. For example, Americans shake hands strongly, while the gentleman behavior of the British determines that they shake hands gently. In China, people look at each other for a few seconds and then shake hands symbolically.
3. The influence of cross-cultural communication on the management of multinational corporations
People in different countries have different living and working habits, and these small habits often affect the management of the whole company. For example, westerners pay little attention to the social rank of titles. In daily communication or introduction, westerners generally only introduce their own names, and others only need to call them by their first names. On the contrary, orientals have a strict hierarchy. When dealing with orientals, in addition to introducing names, you should also introduce job titles, such as general manager and chairman, to show respect. In addition, the address should be added to the usual address, otherwise it may lead to unpleasant situations. Therefore, in multinational companies, it is necessary to formulate a set of management methods for all employees to abide by and not to make everyone feel embarrassed. It is necessary to have a deep understanding of employees from various countries, which involves the study of cross-cultural communication.
Future development, changes and trends of cross-cultural communication
1. Different ways of cross-cultural communication
With the progress of society and the development of modern civilization, the openness of countries has been deepened, which has promoted the development of cross-cultural communication. In the future, the way of cross-cultural communication will change greatly and become more and more diversified.
(1) Multinational companies are still the most favorable environment for cross-cultural communication. More and more multinational companies will be established in the future, which will deepen cross-cultural communication.
(2) Cross-cultural communication is not limited to the environment of multinational companies. With the progress of modern civilization, the exchange of scholars from various countries has become an important form of cross-cultural communication. Under the influence of the previous closed-door policy, China's economy and technology fell behind a lot. Since China joined the WTO, the degree of reform and opening up has become higher and higher. On the one hand, more scholars go abroad to study and learn advanced foreign technology; On the other hand, China's profound culture attracts more and more foreign scholars to study in China.
(3) With the progress of science and technology, cross-cultural communication is not limited to the contact between people in reality. Videophone has narrowed the distance between people and promoted communication and cooperation between people. More and more enterprises use video for business talks, and gradually tend to communicate and cooperate in world trade in the form of online video. This is also one of the trends of cross-cultural communication in the future. This way of cross-cultural communication is convenient for both parties to the transaction and saves the travel time during the meeting.
2. The scope of cross-cultural communication is wider.
At present, the most widely used cross-cultural communication in the world is international trade and business cooperation. With the development of economy and international trade, business cooperation will remain one of the most important occasions for cross-cultural communication. However, with the development and needs of science and technology, cross-cultural communication will be needed in more aspects.
(1) Academic exchange. Every country has a different historical and cultural background, and each culture has far-reaching research significance. With the advancement of socialization, the phenomenon of developing exchange students in countries all over the world is becoming more and more frequent. In order to meet the needs of academic exchanges, scholars are willing to go to Wan Li to seek true knowledge in foreign countries, which broadens the scope of cross-cultural exchanges.
(2) medical assistance. Medicine is a very important scientific culture for modern people. With the improvement of various scientific and technological levels, the medical level of various countries is also constantly improving, and the success of various medical experiments has brought good news to people's healthy life. With the development of medicine in various countries, the development of cross-cultural communication in the medical field is an inevitable trend. Experts from all countries can get together for exchanges and cooperation.
3. The content of cross-cultural communication is deeper.
At present, the cross-cultural communication between people of all countries is still at a shallow level, and the content of cross-cultural communication is not deep enough. However, with the continuous progress of society, the communication between countries is getting closer and closer, and the content of cross-cultural communication between people of all countries will be deeper. People from foreign countries can get more in-depth contact with their own language, culture and living habits, not just at the traditional level of language communication.
conclusion
The establishment of multinational corporations and the continuous integration of the world economy provide the possibility for cross-cultural communication. In the future, the world will be more open and people of all countries will have more frequent exchanges. In order to reduce the bad communication between people from different countries due to cultural background and language differences, the study of cross-cultural communication has become a top priority. At present, there are still difficulties in international trade caused by language differences. By analyzing the present situation and influence of cross-cultural communication under the background of international trade, this paper predicts the new trend of cross-cultural communication in the future, with a view to pointing out the direction for the development of cross-cultural communication.
References:
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Cross-cultural communication direction model essay 2: Abstract of college English cross-cultural communication teaching paper;
In practice, college English teaching aims at cultivating intercultural communicative competence. On the one hand, students should be integrated into cultural teaching in English teaching to help students broaden their horizons and ideas and improve their comprehensive quality and intercultural communication ability. On the other hand, students should be guided to establish a positive communicative attitude to adapt to the trend of cross-cultural communication.
Keywords: cross-cultural communication; Learning English teaching
First, the necessity of cultivating cross-cultural communicative competence in college English teaching
In 2004, the "College English Curriculum Requirements (Trial)" officially promulgated by the Ministry of Education clearly pointed out: English language knowledge, applied skills and learning strategies are the main contents of college English teaching, and the theory of intercultural communication in foreign language teaching is a complete teaching system. ? Therefore, there are various teaching modes and methods, and the development of cross-cultural communication will inevitably become the central theme of foreign language teaching at present.
Cross-cultural communication is inseparable from foreign language teaching. This is because foreign language teaching should not only impart language knowledge, but also cultivate students' communicative competence, especially the application of foreign languages, the development of their own abilities and cross-cultural communicative competence. Cross-cultural foreign language teaching is an important part of education. In the mid-1980s, college English education in China formulated a unified curriculum and compiled a systematic textbook. 1September 1987, the first CET was held in China. On this basis, the first national college English test was held in June, 1989. This has played a positive role in promoting college English teaching in China. However, due to the deepening of reform and opening up, China's economy has developed rapidly, its comprehensive national strength has been continuously enhanced, and its foreign exchanges have been gradually expanded and deepened. In this case, the English level of college graduates is required to be higher. For China students, vocabulary and grammar can be read and they can cope with exams, but this often happens in cross-cultural communication. These must be solved and improved by improving college English teaching methods.
Undoubtedly, from the long-term teaching practice, the main obstacle to improve students' English communicative competence is not only the language itself, but also the cultural background, because the explanation of many language phenomena is determined by cultural factors. On the one hand, cultural background knowledge can help teachers adopt flexible and diverse teaching methods and choose teaching materials reasonably; On the other hand, it can stimulate students' interest in learning, enliven the classroom atmosphere, and make students' learning change from passive language knowledge to active language knowledge application. Therefore, using flexible methods and means in corresponding college English can better cultivate students' cultural awareness and language communication ability.
Second, cross-cultural college English teaching methods and strategies
English teaching should include the following contents: in a limited time, use various modern teaching methods to stimulate students' interest in learning English, improve students' ability to use language, and use students' comprehensive ability and cross-cultural communication ability. Under the guidance of this principle, we engage in English teaching activities, right? Student-centered? ,? Teacher-centered? Or? Learning-centered? Not only language learning and mastering teaching rules, but also improving students' English application ability and language communication ability.
1, based on the meaning of lexical interpretation, combined with the cultural connotation of words.
Vocabulary is the basic unit used to explain language, and the concept of national culture is the reference and the most fragile cultural infiltration. Due to the cultural differences between China and the West, countries often have different cultural connotations. In order to make students use English flexibly, we should compare cultural differences in English teaching and cultural guidance, so that students can understand and master the differences between western cultures and gradually cultivate cultural awareness. For example, writing in some common sense language is positive, but writing in another language may be negative. For many people in China, collectivism is interdependent, so it has positive significance, but in the west, it is negative and negative. On the contrary, bourgeoisie and ambition have certain negative connotations in China, but they are a compliment to westerners. About what? Publicity? What is the definition of an English dictionary? The public dissemination of information influenced by political groups often exaggerates or even creates false information. ? However, these two different words have different cultural environments and derogatory meanings, which reflect different cultural characteristics. Therefore, when we say to promote products, we mean to promote products, not products.
2. Text explanation, mainly based on text analysis, supplemented by language point explanation.
There is a common phenomenon in daily teaching: when a teacher explains a text, it is often difficult for students to understand if they don't understand grammar and language points (usually complicated and difficult sentences). Psycholinguists found through investigation that adults learning a second language is different from children learning their mother tongue. Adults' environment, cognition and other factors can be destroyed in the process of learning a second language. Adults always learn more languages and mother tongues subconsciously. Adult students, their cognitive mode and thinking mode have long been stereotyped. The key is not to adapt to the habits of China students, but to help and guide students to understand and master new cognitive styles (learning a second language). Therefore, the text and discourse analysis to be explained in teaching should be based on the text genre (narrative, description, explanation, discussion, etc.). ), how the author started the article (by what means, in the cohesive chapters), the central idea of the article (that is, the main idea), the words and tone used to achieve the goal, and so on. These are very helpful for students to understand the content of the article, the author's writing methods, and thinking habits, as well as to speak English. As for the language point explanation, it is only an auxiliary means to provide some help to teachers. I believe that if we focus on discourse analysis instead of explaining the text, even if the teacher can explain a simple sentence or translate several sentences accordingly, it will not meet the requirements for students to understand.
3. Pay attention to the explanation of cultural differences between China and the West.
Influenced by political, economic, religious and social characteristics, there are also great differences in the process of cross-cultural communication. For example, greetings are different. China people met acquaintances on the road and said? Have you eaten? Westerners often think that China's friends will invite him to dinner. In fact, this sentence is just an ordinary greeting in China culture, which is equivalent to English? How are you? Social linguists specialize in studying and analyzing this problem, and what is the difference between using spoken language and formal invitation. They found that the formal invitation went far beyond the specific kind words. Generally speaking, the conversation when an invitation is needed includes the time and place, such as? Eat in a restaurant on Saturday night? This is a clear invitation. Third, the choice of different themes in communication. Age, income, marital status, weight and other issues, in western privacy, it seems inappropriate to talk about these issues, which will be regarded as an offense to personal privacy. In China culture, discussions on these issues are of mutual concern. In cross-cultural communication, mistakes in language, pronunciation, grammar and sentence structure, such as the absence of the third person of the S verb, the misuse of singular and plural nouns, and even the incomplete sentence structure, often do not affect communication behavior. However, cultural errors and non-native languages often mislead or even hurt each other's feelings and dignity under the unconscious improper speech acts. Therefore, teachers should intersperse some explanations of western cultural differences in teaching, so that students can understand western culture and customs, and try to reduce or avoid cultural differences and communication failures.
In practice, college English teaching aims at cultivating intercultural communicative competence. On the one hand, students should be integrated into cultural teaching in English teaching to help students broaden their horizons and ideas and improve their comprehensive quality and intercultural communication ability. On the other hand, students should be guided to establish a positive communicative attitude to adapt to the trend of cross-cultural communication.
refer to
1, Chinese and western customs and cultures? Conflict? A Case Study of Cross-cultural Communication Journal of Suihua Teachers College, March 30, 2003