1, the published paper belongs to the first public content, especially if you surf the Internet, the content here can no longer be used to apply for a patent, which is a loss of novelty. The key here is whether your doctoral thesis is published.

2. Whether the intellectual property of your doctoral research content belongs to you is debatable, that is, who can apply for a patent for your content, you personally or your school; Generally speaking, this belongs to the category of service invention. Your research is funded by the school's funds, facilities and equipment, and you do not enjoy independent intellectual property rights.

To sum up, as long as your paper is not published online, you can apply for a patent. Of course, it is best that you are the inventor and the applicant is the school, so as to ensure that there is no dispute.