In many aspects of personal growth, papers are the most familiar to everyone. By writing papers, we can cultivate our scientific research ability. Do you know how to write a good paper? The following are my collected papers on retail logistics management for reference only. Let's have a look.
Based on sustainable development, reverse logistics in retail industry changes the original one-way relationship between economic development and logistics, consumer life and logistics, and then designs a circular retail commodity logistics system, which can reduce the transportation cost of commodities, reduce the resource consumption of supermarkets, and reduce the loss of commodity transportation, thus improving the profit of retail industry and improving the image of supermarkets. This is a brand-new logistics form different from the traditional one, and it is also the development of retail logistics system.
1. Reverse Logistics in Retail Industry
1. 1 the concept of reverse logistics
The concept of reverse logistics in retail industry mainly refers to logistics activities such as planning, transportation, storage, packaging, loading and unloading, distribution and processing. The goal is to reduce the pollution to the natural and human environment and reduce the consumption of commodity resources in supermarkets.
1.2 connotation of retail reverse logistics
The connotation of retail reverse logistics refers to the main content of retail reverse logistics. As far as the actual situation of supermarkets is concerned, the connotation of retail reverse logistics mainly includes five aspects: resource intensive, green transportation, green storage, green packaging and waste logistics. The following is a simple analysis and discussion:
Intensive resources. Resource intensification mainly refers to the integration of supermarket resources in the logistics activities of retail industry, so as to achieve the purpose of optimal allocation of retail resources, which can improve the resource utilization rate of supermarkets, reduce resource waste and save the freight transportation cost of supermarkets.
Logistics transportation. This mainly means that the retail industry should pay attention to the particularity of goods during transportation, try to transport some goods that need special treatment such as air conditioning, and shorten the transportation route and improve the vehicle loading rate to reduce fuel consumption and exhaust emissions during transportation, so as to achieve the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction while saving the cost of goods transportation.
Logistics warehousing. Green storage mainly refers to the rational choice of warehouses when retailers store goods in supermarkets, which is conducive to saving transportation costs and reducing storage costs.
Logistics packaging. Packaging is an important part of logistics activities. When packaging retail goods, we should improve the recycling rate of packaging materials, which can not only effectively control resource consumption, save commodity logistics costs, but also avoid environmental pollution.
Waste logistics. Because of the variety of goods transported by retail industry, it is difficult to control the travel time, so it is inevitable to waste. For the retail industry, we should pay attention to the classification, processing and special treatment of garbage, and send it back to its original place to form a cargo flow activity to reduce the losses of the retail industry in this regard.
2. Measures to strengthen reverse logistics management in retail industry
In short, the measures to strengthen the reverse logistics management in retail industry should be carried out from three aspects: people, system and technological innovation. The following are some main measures for analysis and discussion:
First, improve the work quality and level of retail logistics managers. In any case, people are the main body of life and production, which improves the quality and work level of retail workers and naturally strengthens the reverse logistics management of retail industry.
The second is to adopt advanced logistics management mechanism. To put it simply, we should actively learn from the experience of foreign retail industry in reverse logistics management, and selectively learn from it according to our own actual situation, so as to improve the level of logistics management.
Third, the use of advanced computer science and technology for information management, computer technology is the inevitable trend of logistics management, especially the development of complex retail logistics management, computer technology can save a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources in logistics management, and can streamline logistics work, which is of inestimable value to the reverse logistics management of retail industry.
3. The significance of reverse logistics management to retail industry
3. 1 Reduce costs and improve profit margins
For the retail industry, it is a low-profit industry, which means that it is necessary and necessary to control the cost and the operating cost of supermarkets if the retail industry wants to survive. According to the authoritative data of relevant statistical agencies, in the United States, where the retail industry is relatively mature, the proportion of reverse logistics cost of supermarkets in the total logistics cost has increased from 6% in 2000 to 265,438+0% in 2065,438+00, which is close to 65,438+05 percentage points, while the total profit of supermarkets has increased from $6,543.8+006 billion in 2000. It can also be seen that reverse logistics can reduce the operating cost of retail industry, thus improving the profitability of supermarkets.
3.2 Improve customer value and increase competitive advantage.
Retail industry belongs to an enterprise that depends entirely on customers, so customer value is also an important key factor for the survival and development of retail industry. The use of reverse logistics in retail industry can play two roles for customers: first, fast and convenient logistics can keep the goods in the supermarket within the shelf life and enhance customers' confidence in the supermarket; Second, the implementation of reverse logistics can improve customers' satisfaction with after-sales service, thus winning customers' trust and increasing the competitive advantage of retail industry. To sum up, reverse logistics can ensure the safety of retail goods and timely return of products that do not meet customer requirements, win customers' trust and recognition of supermarkets, and then increase the competitive advantage of supermarkets.
3.3 Improve the environment and shape the corporate image
Reverse logistics in retail industry is based on the principles of sustainable development and environmental protection. In recent years, with the improvement of people's living standards, people's requirements for living environment have gradually increased, and customers' consumption concepts have gradually become environmentally friendly, and corporate environmental responsibility has also begun to become the focus of public opinion. Reverse logistics in retail industry can reduce resource consumption, fuel consumption and tail gas emission during transportation, thus protecting the environment to the greatest extent. Therefore, the reverse logistics of retail industry can improve the environmental behavior of retail industry, and then enhance the image of supermarkets in people's minds, laying the foundation for the survival and development of retail industry.
Based on the analysis of the relationship between retail enterprises and logistics performance management, this paper puts forward four basic strategies for retail enterprises to improve logistics performance, namely, clarifying management strategies, strengthening performance evaluation, constructing management system and effectively using improvement methods.
Keywords: improvement strategy of logistics performance evaluation of retail enterprises
With the development of modern science and technology and global economic integration, the market competitive advantage of retail enterprises is increasingly dependent on the speed, cost, service and efficiency provided by modern logistics. In order to strengthen the competitive development advantage of retail enterprises, we must use the idea of supply chain management, rely on the control of logistics process, the development of logistics technical facilities and equipment, and the rational application of logistics information, and constantly improve logistics performance management in the process of integrating enterprise management resources, so as to improve operational efficiency, gain greater competitive advantage and create better enterprise value.
The improvement of logistics performance of retail enterprises is to effectively plan, organize, command, supervise and coordinate the emergence and formation of logistics performance in the whole process of retail enterprise operation under the condition of meeting customer service requirements. There are four basic strategies:
First, the establishment of retail enterprises logistics performance development strategy
1 Analysis of Strategic Elements of Logistics Performance Development of Retail Enterprises
Using the division method of competitive advantage factors put forward by American scholar Michael Porter, this paper holds that the strategic factors affecting the logistics performance of retail enterprises are mainly logistics resources, logistics industry competition, logistics market demand and government policies, and thus constructs a basic * * * co-influence framework. Logistics market demand includes guiding information, demand structure and demand change trend, logistics resources include operation ability determined by logistics facilities, logistics talents and logistics service management, logistics industry competition includes competition degree, development ability and basic conditions supported by related industries, and government policies include the guiding role of relevant laws and regulations, macro-management system and regulation ability. These four factors influence and interact with each other, and * * * isomorphism has become a strategic factor affecting the development of logistics performance of retail enterprises.
The value analysis of the strategic elements of logistics performance of retail enterprises is to classify the value, weigh the competition, determine the superior resources, enjoy the superior resources and create greater logistics performance. Through the analysis of value, attraction and endurance, we can complete the systematic analysis of the strategic elements of logistics performance development. Value analysis is to analyze the matching degree of enterprise logistics resources and logistics demand and the competitive advantage formed; Attraction analysis is to analyze the strength of enterprise resources to promote the development of enterprise logistics, including the uniqueness of resources, transmission methods and transfer effectiveness; Endurance analysis is to analyze the government's policy environment, the speed and level of accumulation and promotion of superior resources of enterprises, and the ability of sustainable development of resources.
2 development strategy model and its implementation
The strategic model of logistics performance development of retail enterprises is mainly manifested as rationalization strategic model and innovation strategic model. The rationalization strategy of logistics performance is to put rationalization thought and operation mode through the whole process of improving logistics performance. The logistics operation system of retail enterprises consists of many links. It is necessary to design, adjust, improve and optimize the logistics system. By improving logistics service ability, scientifically analyzing the composition of logistics cost and adopting targeted management measures, logistics cost can be effectively reduced and logistics performance of enterprises can be rationalized. The innovative strategy of logistics performance management of retail enterprises is to change the original logistics service composition of enterprises by innovating the systems, methods and means of logistics management, continuously improve the logistics service ability and create more logistics value with better services.
Therefore, retail enterprises must closely focus on the needs of development strategy, and turn strategies, tasks and decisions into concrete, systematic and operational strategic objectives, thus forming a multifunctional strategic management system integrating evaluation and encouragement, communication, unity and learning; It is necessary to further analyze and evaluate the quality and ability of enterprise resources, scientifically determine the logistics strategy of enterprises, implement strategic management, and ensure the strategic value of logistics performance management.
3 to strengthen the management of logistics performance evaluation of retail enterprises
Logistics performance evaluation of retail enterprises is an activity process that aims at effectively meeting the logistics needs of competition and development, and measures logistics performance through objective quantitative standards and subjective utility behavior. Specifically, the logistics performance evaluation of retail enterprises is an analytical technique and method to plan and control the logistics value in advance and analyze and evaluate it afterwards, so as to measure the input-output status of enterprise logistics operation system and activity process. Relying on modern information technology and analytical tools, the logistics performance evaluation of retail enterprises has become a dynamic process of continuous analysis, control and correction.
Logistics performance evaluation of retail enterprises is to coordinate, balance and consider the interests of multiple groups in the whole supply chain system. In order to establish the internal logistics operation system of retail enterprises, the incentive mechanism of departments and employees, and the benefit sharing mechanism between enterprises and external interest groups such as suppliers and customers in the supply chain system, it is necessary to balance and coordinate logistics performance from multiple angles. Mainly includes: the balance between external evaluation indicators (brand image, customer attitude, shareholder income, etc.). ) and internal evaluation indicators (internal organizational efficiency, logistics operation, technology, innovation and growth, etc. ); Balance between performance evaluation indicators (market share, profit, material system cost, logistics equipment utilization rate, etc.). ) and behavior evaluation indicators (logistics function combination, logistics control, logistics equipment status, employees, logistics processes, logistics services, etc. ); Balance between objective evaluation indicators (response speed, punctuality rate, accuracy rate, distribution frequency, error rate, etc.). ) and subjective evaluation indicators (customer satisfaction, employee loyalty, etc.). ); Balance between direct evaluation indicators (indicators that directly measure the cost and income of logistics activities) and indirect evaluation indicators (indicators that enhance the competitiveness and brand influence of logistics activities); Balance between long-term evaluation index and short-term evaluation index; Balance between tangible assets evaluation index and intangible assets evaluation index.
In the face of future competition, the performance of retail enterprises lies more in the performance of selected suppliers and customers in selected target markets, which constitute the performance of supply chain system. Retail enterprises must pay equal attention to internal control and internal and external coordination, so it is necessary to extend the coordinated control of logistics performance along the supply chain system. With more and more types of retail enterprises, the supply chain system under the game is becoming more and more complex. The comprehensive evaluation of logistics performance involves more factors and data processing, which requires more cost input and longer analysis time, increasing the possibility of mistakes, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of retail enterprises to adapt to the changing market demand and continuously improve their competitive advantage. Retail enterprises can make full use of modern information technology, compile the optimization key indicators (KPI indicators) of dynamic evaluation into system software, collect data on the existing information system of retail enterprises as needed, analyze and provide evaluation results, provide auxiliary support for supply chain game decision-making, and ensure timeliness and accuracy.
4. Build a logistics performance management system for retail enterprises.
The establishment of the logistics performance management system of retail enterprises must include not only management responsibilities, personnel and material resources, performance system structure and other elements, but also logistics operation elements that meet the operating characteristics of retail enterprises. Including: logistics demand investigation and evaluation, logistics service design, logistics service provision process and analysis and improvement of logistics performance management.
The investigation and evaluation of logistics demand is the main content in the process of enterprise logistics activities. We should make use of various effective ways to understand the logistics demand, determine new logistics service items according to the survey results and the actual logistics service conditions of enterprises, and prepare a logistics service outline as the basis for logistics service design. Logistics service design is to plan and design the contents and requirements in the logistics service outline into logistics service specifications, logistics service provision specifications and logistics performance control specifications, determine the schedule of scheduled logistics service projects, ensure all necessary resources, facilities and technical support, and properly and effectively publicize logistics service projects.
The logistics service specification stipulates the characteristics, contents, requirements and acceptance criteria of logistics services; The logistics service provision specification stipulates the methods and means of providing logistics services; Performance control norms should effectively control the performance of each logistics service process to ensure that logistics services always meet the requirements of relevant norms and customer needs, and can be used to formulate logistics performance management control norms and incorporate them into the overall service norms and management norms of enterprises.
Logistics service organizations should take administrative, economic and educational measures to ensure the implementation of logistics service standards, constantly evaluate and record the performance of logistics service process, identify and correct irregular logistics services, and put all factors that affect the performance of logistics service process, such as people's skills, integrity and safety of facilities, under control. We should also attach great importance to customers' complaints and evaluations on logistics performance, and strive to achieve defect-free logistics services.
Retail enterprises should analyze the logistics performance management regularly or irregularly. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a logistics performance management information feedback management system, which requires not only qualitative analysis, but also quantitative data collection and statistical analysis, in order to seek opportunities for performance improvement, improve performance and improve the level of logistics performance management.
Second, the effective use of logistics performance improvement methods
The improvement of logistics performance of retail enterprises refers to all measures taken by retail enterprises to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of logistics performance activities, thus providing value-added benefits for retail enterprises' logistics and their customers. Performance improvement is a continuous activity, and the goal is to pursue higher process effect and efficiency. It not only creates an environment for improving the logistics performance of retail enterprises, but also continuously improves the operation process of enterprise logistics; It also creates the necessary values and cultural foundation for the improvement of logistics performance of retail enterprises, attaches importance to meeting the needs of internal and external customers of enterprises, and makes performance improvement run through the whole supply chain from suppliers to customers.
Third, establish the concept of overall performance management of enterprise logistics.
Generally speaking, the logistics activities of retail enterprises are activities that serve the production and operation. The composition and importance of logistics service functions of different enterprises are different, and their performance will affect the overall logistics performance and customer satisfaction in customer perception. In order to strengthen logistics performance management, retail enterprises must establish the idea of total performance management, deeply understand the whole process of logistics service, conscientiously do a good job in the design of logistics service network system and logistics performance management according to customer needs, continuously create logistics value and improve customer satisfaction. In every link and stage of logistics service process, enterprises must create greater logistics value for customers and enhance their trust and loyalty with high-quality overall service.
Logistics performance is the product of the combination of the objective reality of service and the subjective feelings of customers. In order to gain a long-term advantage in the fierce market competition, retail enterprises should actively adopt high technology to strengthen performance management, do a good job in performance management of each key link, improve the overall performance level of logistics services of retail enterprises, and make service performance meet or exceed customers' expectations.
The logistics performance in customer perception is determined by the interaction between logistics employees and customers in retail enterprises. Employees' service knowledge, service skills, service awareness and service behavior have great influence on the logistics performance perceived by customers. Therefore, improving internal logistics performance can provide quality services for external customers of retail enterprises. Enterprises must attach great importance to logistics service management of employees and logistics demand management of customers.
Fourthly, establish an effective logistics performance management information system.
Establishing an effective logistics performance management information system for retail enterprises can provide enterprises with all kinds of information necessary for logistics performance improvement decision-making, and can motivate employees within enterprises to improve logistics services. The establishment of an effective logistics performance management information system should follow the following principles:
Measure customers' expectations of logistics performance. Retail enterprises should not only measure customers' evaluation of logistics performance, but also measure customers' expectations of logistics services. Customer's expectation of logistics performance is the basis for customers to evaluate logistics performance. Without measuring customers' expectations, it is difficult for retail enterprises to correctly understand customers' evaluation of logistics performance.
Emphasize the performance of logistics information. The logistics performance management information system of retail enterprises is measured according to the relevance, accuracy, practicability, continuity and credibility of information. Retail enterprises can provide customers with quality services, thus enhancing customer loyalty, expanding market share and improving economic benefits. Logistics performance management information system is to let managers know the impact of logistics performance on retail enterprises and do related management well.
Real-time monitoring of logistics performance. In the process of providing logistics services to customers, the logistics performance of enterprises has changed due to the influence of many factors. To strengthen logistics performance management, we need to know and master the current situation, operation process and development trend of logistics performance at any time, find problems in time, improve management, and improve enterprise logistics service and management performance. Generally, it is necessary to conduct extensive and in-depth investigation and study on logistics performance, establish a certain evaluation index system, realize real-time collection, collation and transmission of enterprise logistics performance management information, effectively implement supervision and control, and improve the level of enterprise logistics performance management.
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