Cave 275-Beiliang

(420-439 AD)

One of the earliest existing caves in Mogao Grottoes is also one of the so-called "Northern Three Cool Caves", which is the largest and richest cave in the Northern Three Cool Caves. The main statue in the center of the west wall of this cave is solemn, dignified and well proportioned. Its modeling style, seating and costumes all show the influence of Buddhist art in the western regions, which has the remarkable characteristics of statues in the Sixteen Kingdoms period. The mural in this cave is based on the early earth red, which shows Sakyamuni's "Bunsen Painting" in his previous life and "Buddhist Story Painting" in his life.

Cave 57-Early Tang Dynasty

(AD 6 18-704)

The biggest attraction of this cave is the endangered bodhisattva statue on the east side of the south wall. The bodhisattva wore a crown of Buddha, half-naked upper body, a long scarf on her shoulders and a wreath on her body. She has a beautiful figure and delicate skin. Her figure is slightly S-shaped, and her eyes look down thoughtfully, which makes her look plump and gorgeous. Bodhisattva's eyes look down slightly and her body leans slightly, showing the femininity and charm of oriental women. Therefore, some people call her "Beauty Bodhisattva", and because of this beautiful bodhisattva statue, Cave 57 is named "Beauty Cave".

Cave 220-Early Tang Dynasty

(AD 6 18-704)

There is an inscription of "Sixteen Years of Zhenguan" (AD 642) in this cave, which provides a solid basis for the dating of this cave. The north and south walls are connected, painting the pure land of the west and the classic of the east. The scene is magnificent, the colors are magnificent, the characters are numerous, and the composition is fine, which is a masterpiece of the Tang Dynasty. The East Wall depicts the classics of Vimalakīrti, among which the statue of Vimalakīrti is a masterpiece of figure painting. Painting the second half of the imperial ministers who listened to the Dharma is not inferior to Yan's masterpiece "The Map of Emperors in Past Dynasties" handed down from the early Tang Dynasty.

Cave 32 1-Early Tang Dynasty

(AD 6 18-704)

The main attractions are the temple bodhisattva overlooking the railing in the Buddhist niche, the Temple of Heaven represented by a lot of bright blue, and the flying image full of wind coming out of the wall. The south wall of the main room is painted with an extremely rare "ten-wheel sutra" in Mogao Grottoes, with flowers and rain dancing and cherry blossoms falling. The picture is divided into two parts by the extremely rare sea of clouds, especially the lower part, which shows the relief and various changes of the Tibetan Bodhisattva in Buddhist scriptures and the life of the big courtyard in the east. In addition, the whole picture is a masterpiece with scattered, natural and harmonious green mountains and rivers as the dividing content and background.

Cave 158-Middle Tang Dynasty

(AD 78 1-848)

It feels as calm as the sea, as serene as the eternal "Nirvana" statue in the Tang Dynasty, and it is also the largest Nirvana statue in the Mogao Grottoes. The whole Buddha statue, with its head facing south and its feet facing north, appears serene and calm, with a graceful and elegant posture. It is really the most vivid and charming Buddha statue in the Mogao Grottoes. In addition, around the Nirvana statue, there are wailing disciples, calm bodhisattvas, and all kinds of very special mourning paintings of all beings, such as ear cutting, chest stabbing, laparotomy and so on.

Cave 45-prosperous Tang Dynasty

(705-78 1 year)

This grotto statue is a masterpiece of the Tang Dynasty statue of Mogao Grottoes, and it is the most realistic group sculpture of Mogao Grottoes. The Guanyin Sutra painted on the south wall is based on Guanyin products popular in Beijing. The picture is rich in plot, vivid in description, ingenious in composition and exciting. It truly reflects the real society and is an image material for studying the social life in the Tang Dynasty. The concept of infinite life on the north wall continues the typical triple composition of Mogao Grottoes in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. The picture is complete and colorful, which is really not easy.

Cave 254-Northern Wei Dynasty

(AD 439-534)

The central tower column structure originated from the Indian "supporting" grottoes is perfectly combined with the herringbone slope top with the characteristics of China grottoes; Murals such as "Sachana gave his life to feed the tiger", "The corpse king cut the meat for the pigeon" and "Demon Change" are rich in stories, novel in composition, rough in lines and superb in human body smudging skills. In addition, the portraits of thousands of Buddhas in the cave are arranged neatly, and the original name of the Buddha in ink calligraphy is preserved, which is precious.

Cave 322-Early Tang Dynasty

(AD 6 18-704)

The statues and murals in this cave are all original works from the early Tang Dynasty. The murals are rich in red, the statues are basically well preserved, and the statues are realistic and unique, which provides a basis for studying the history of the Tang Dynasty. Wooden components such as tent poles and tent hooks in the tent-shaped structure of the western nationalities are preserved in the cave, and the statue is also a full-bodied statue of the Tang Dynasty with human feelings. Among them, disciples wear Hu boots, bodhisattvas wear braids, and Hu people, Hu Shi and Hu Le feel the wind of "Tang people are full".

Cave No.217-Tang Dynasty

(705-78 1 year)

A large number of paintings with landscape paintings as the background have been preserved. The whole picture is rich in China's unique idyllic green landscape paintings and magnificent Qionglou Yuyu, showing the Western Heaven depicted in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. The musical instruments in the murals don't sound like drums, but fly freely. The blue waves rippled in the pool, and the water birds played in it, and the image of lotus children was lovely. This grotto has a complex structure, rich colors and exquisite paintings, which fully embodies the great achievements of the art in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.

Cave 156-Late Tang Dynasty

(848-907 AD)

On the north wall of the cave front room, there is a precious calligraphy inscription "The Story of Mogao Grottoes". Under the north and south walls of the main chamber of the cave, Zhang Yichao's Travel Map of the Unified Army and the Travel Map of the Song Family in Hanoi County, Song State were drawn respectively with a length of 8 meters and a height of 1 meter. The two tourist maps are magnificent, numerous, magnificent and magnificent, showing a grand historical scene and creating a precedent for long-scroll painting of historical figures.