1, Confucius and His Thoughts: (1) Confucius, born at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, was the founder of Confucianism, which laid the foundation for the formation of Confucianism and was called a saint by later generations; ⑵ His thoughts are: ① Benevolence is the core of his thoughts, "Love" and "Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you". (2) advocate "ruling the country by virtue" and "saving money and loving others". (3) His thoughts of "benevolence" and "rule by virtue" contain people-oriented thoughts. ④ The educational thought is relatively progressive, advocating "teaching without class", vigorously setting up private schools and sorting out the Six Classics.

2. Mencius, born in the middle of the Warring States Period, mainly advocated that (1) was called "Yasheng"; ⑵ Ideological propositions include: (1) developing the idea of "benevolence" into "benevolent government", advocating that "the world cannot be ruled by benevolent government" and "benevolent government should serve the people and save punishment and taxes"; (2) Put forward the people-oriented thought of "valuing the people but despising the monarch", and think that the people and the country are more important than the monarch. ③ Put forward the ethical view of "the theory of good nature".

3. Xunzi, born at the end of the Warring States Period, advocated: ① "benevolence and righteousness", "kingliness" and "serving people with virtue"; (2) Put forward the people-oriented thought of "Zhou Jun Min Shui"; (3) Put forward the ethics of "evil nature"; ④ Advocating the rule of law. ⑵ Xunzi's contribution: He reformed Confucianism, and integrated the positive and reasonable elements of Legalism and Taoism, so that Confucianism could better meet the needs of social development. During the Warring States period, Confucianism became the main part of a hundred schools of thought after the development of Mencius and Xunzi.