General requirements for teenagers' scientific papers writing.
Scientific papers require teenagers to choose their own topics, do their own research and write their own books; Papers attending scientific seminars can be investigation reports, experimental reports, observation reports and research reports completed by primary and secondary school students in scientific and technological activities and social practice activities. Scientific papers should conform to three standards: scientificity, progressiveness and practicality.
The basic requirements for writing a thesis are scientific theme, clear viewpoint, novel viewpoint and concise expression.
1) Subject Science: The conclusions of scientific and technological activity papers should stand the test of practice and be repeatable. In the process of scientific and technological activities, information is recorded in various ways, such as card summaries, photos, audio recordings, video recordings and computer files. And form a good habit of complete and accurate records, which is the basis of ensuring the scientific nature of the theme.
2) Clear viewpoints: The viewpoints of scientific activity papers should be clear. For example, through investigation and study, it is found that phosphorus pollution in ponds in residential areas is serious, so it is necessary to clearly put forward the viewpoint of "protecting the environment and banning phosphorus washing powder".
3) New thinking: The thinking of scientific and technological activity papers should have a high starting point, that is, by analyzing the problems in the activities, we can understand the problems that ordinary people ignore. Put forward the conclusion that most people want to summarize but can't summarize it satisfactorily. This requires learning to grasp the essence of things from complex objective events. For example, some teenagers explore the influence of noise on the life activities of mice and suggest that teenagers may be hurt by "rock walkman". The novelty of scientific papers comes from the novelty of the design of scientific and technological activities.
4) Concise expression: The expression of scientific and technological activity papers is to convey their own experimental results and opinions to others in written form, or through drawings, charts, models, mathematics and electronic means. Specifically, clearly and concisely.
Therefore, teenagers should constantly cultivate the skills of collecting, screening, organizing and utilizing all kinds of information. For example, from the real
Obtain information during the inspection, or obtain information from information sources such as libraries and computer databases, or collect information from various social departments. And through contact, comparison and identification of various sources of information, so that their views and conclusions are based on as comprehensive information as possible.
Technical Requirements for Teenagers' Writing of Scientific Papers
The skill requirements for writing papers are new, practical, small and interesting.
1) new: ① new content, new content studied and discussed in scientific papers. To discuss areas and problems that others have not involved, we should pay special attention to the contents of those cross-disciplinary and marginal disciplines. For example, aesthetic education promotes the study of inspiration. Promoting science and technology education through system innovation.
② New methods, new methods of scientific and technological activities. For example, the use of audio-visual means to carry out research, application of network advantage analysis and research. There are experimental method, experience summary method, job analysis method, case tracking method, lesson counseling analysis method and literature research method.
(3) New perspectives, learning perspectives, life perspectives, tourism perspectives, developing one's own potential or genetic modification, etc.
4 new ideas, follow the trend rather than the trend, and go against the trend.
⑤ New expressions, such as question types: asking questions, ideas for solving problems, methods for solving problems, and results of solving problems. Summary: talk about achievements, practices and thinking. Report style; Put forward questions, research objects, methods, collation and analysis of research data, and discuss problems. Example: Causes of sewage in Qinhuai River and its control countermeasures. Among them, the present situation of industrial production sewage and domestic sewage is analyzed and studied respectively.
1) Reality: ① Facts, relevant scientific and technological education, scientific and technological research materials, teachers' own materials and students' materials should be very substantial. For example: the corn I saw, the corn I saw in the movie, and the corn introduced by the encyclopedia. Contrast data, front and back, horizontal, positive and negative contrast. When collecting data and applying it to papers, it is generally necessary to make simple statistics and analysis, and the effect of presenting data in the form of charts will be clear at a glance.
② The process is true: the research process is true and reliable, and the experimental records should be accurate and true, so that the correct conclusions can be drawn.
2) Small: screening content, screening topics, and the content of scientific and technological experiment activities should be within the reach of teenagers. The topic should be small, see big in small, see new ideas in small, see deep in small, and have your own ideas.
3) Interesting: the material selection should be interesting, the content should be interesting, the method should be interesting, and the expression should be interesting. For example, people often say that cats can't die when they fall. One classmate studied it by throwing cats to different floors. In the study of the objective phenomenon of taxi killing, a classmate found that taxi killing was serious in the early morning and late at night when there were few cars.
The writing format of teenagers' scientific papers
The topic of the paper is the essence of scientific and technological activities and the epitome of the content of scientific and technological activities. A clear topic can attract attention. The abstract of the paper is a brief introduction to the research results. The introduction mainly summarizes the previous research results and the starting point and significance of this study. That is to say, Qing Chu is doing that kind of experiment, and the purpose of doing this experiment. The research method embodies the innovative ideas and methods of the researchers, which is the charm of the research. Teenagers should write clearly the materials used, and also carefully describe the experimental steps, the changes of experimental objects and other observation indicators. The research results should objectively summarize the research data, and usually show the results in various forms such as charts, photos, recordings and videos. Analysis and discussion is also the highlight of the paper, objectively and fairly analyze the research results, and confirm the achievements and unresolved problems for further research and exploration. The contents of the analysis and discussion are as follows: (1) analyze the reasons for these results; Theoretical or experimental basis to support the results; Other indirect experimental evidence; Other people's experimental data; Further work is needed. References should include major reference books and periodical papers that have an important influence on this study. In the report, you should explain the source, author's name, article title, page number, year and so on of these articles.
Teenagers' scientific and technological papers can not stick to the above format, fully reflect the characteristics of teenagers' thinking, expression and language, and should not be too adult. For example, it can be divided into three parts: introduction, theme and conclusion, or even completely divided into paragraphs in form, just describing the research process and results. For example, several junior high school students in Guangdong province learned that in Maogang, Huangpu, Guangzhou, a large group of herons alternated on two local mountains. Follow up the investigation. After many field investigations, visits and literature review. This paper analyzes the reasons of heron migration from the change of ecological environment in heron forest, and puts forward some suggestions and field propaganda. This activity accords with the characteristics of teenagers. This paper discusses the changes of biological population caused by ecological environment, cultivates the consciousness and action of loving and protecting birds from childhood, and realizes the significance of protecting biodiversity. The topic selection meets the requirements of "three natures". The investigation scheme is scientific and reasonable. During the investigation and visit, we can learn about the history, ecological conditions, living habits and catching of herons. The whole activity also took photos that can explain the problem. What is said in the article is well-founded. After reading it, people will have a real sense of active protection of the heron forest and enhance their sense of responsibility for protecting biodiversity, thus causing the township government to pay attention to the management of the heron forest and the future ecological environment protection. And put forward suggestions in the work, achieved the purpose of the author's investigation, and won the first prize of excellent papers in the ninth national scientific seminar.