After the general direction of the paper is determined, extensive and large-scale literature retrieval should be carried out. Only through extensive literature retrieval can we grasp the existing research results, research status and research gap in this field, and further clarify the research value of the topic. The process of literature retrieval is also the process of sorting out the direction of choosing topics for your own papers. Only through the process of literature retrieval can you determine your research topic and form a preliminary understanding of the research methods and the general structure of the paper. On this basis, we should set out to determine the specific topic of our paper. The title of the paper should be concise and clear. The so-called clarity means that the research object must be clear, and conciseness means that the topic must not be complicated and lengthy. Therefore, it is necessary to scrutinize it repeatedly and not be afraid of trouble until you are satisfied.

In these two stages, we should keep in touch with the tutor, communicate actively, and pay attention to absorbing the opinions and suggestions of the tutor.