Author Wang Rui
Editor zhangyan? Okay, Qiu Hui.
Tesla got the gift package in China.
In addition to "Shanghai Speed" quickly acquiring land to build factories, Tesla also received 85 million US dollars in subsidies and 654.38+09.75 billion yuan in loans from a number of banks.
On February 3, 2020, Tesla released its 20 19 report submitted to the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Tesla mentioned in the report that subsidies are "certain incentive subsidies" (certain? Incentive measures), but did not disclose specific details.
Shanghai's "big hand" has attracted a lot of attention. "Subsidizing Tesla needs to consider multiple factors." An automobile industry veteran revealed to Yiou Automobile that the introduction of Tesla in Shanghai is a win-win situation. "Tesla has gained production capacity and market, and China's electric vehicle industry will also accelerate the survival of the fittest.
China manufacturing model? 3/ Tesla official Weibo
However, there are also voices of opposition: for the China market, while Tesla enjoys "super national treatment", it may not be catfish, but "species invasion". After Model3 and ModelY enter the China market in large quantities, it will inevitably bring a blow to the dimension reduction and stifle China's new energy automobile brands, especially new car-making enterprises under the banner of smart cars.
It all happened so fast. 20 19 1.7, Shanghai Super Factory started construction; 65438+202017 October, domestic model? The first batch of social car owners will be delivered. In just one year, Tesla achieved "from scratch" in China. This is not unrelated to the strong support of the policy.
Today, Tesla is gaining momentum with a market value of $654.38+$45 million. What can it bring to China automobile industry?
Behind the subsidy
As a pillar industry, automobile manufacturing often makes great efforts to attract investment. In addition to large taxpayers, the manufacturing side has solved a large number of employment needs.
From the promotion of new energy vehicles in 2009 to the introduction of relevant policies in the following year, there have been many subsidies for new energy vehicles in various places. Since 20 19, many car companies have received subsidies ranging from tens of millions to hundreds of millions of yuan. For example, in February 20 19, BYD received the subsidy of "Promotion and Application of National New Energy Vehicles in 20 18", amounting to 65,438.098 billion yuan.
Since 20 19, Beiqi New Energy has received different degrees of subsidies from Beijing, Qingdao, Huanghua and Changzhou. In 20 19, the sales of new energy vehicles reached160,000, ranking third in the world, second only to Tesla and BYD.
The enthusiastic performance of car companies under the incentive of subsidies has also made China's position in the field of new energy vehicles. In 20 19, the sales of electric vehicles in China reached1060,000, accounting for half of the global sales of electric vehicles, surpassing Europe and America, and far behind other countries such as Canada, Japan and South Korea. Subsidies have become a "shot in the arm" for the development of new energy vehicles in China.
This time Tesla received a subsidy from the Shanghai government, which is also the product of a general reduction in subsidies. In order to obtain higher economic income, it is the biggest demand of the local area to introduce star enterprises.
Tesla's settlement in Shanghai is extremely beneficial to local employment and taxation. Shanghai Superfactory provides thousands of jobs. Not long ago, Musk promised to set up a Tesla China R&D center, which may lead to the employment of a group of high-tech talents in new energy vehicles in China. In terms of taxation, Tesla said in the report that it signed a 50-year lease agreement with the Shanghai Municipal Government for the operation of the Shanghai factory. If the agreement cannot be completed, Tesla will pay $2.23 billion in taxes every year from the end of 2023, return the land and repay the land lease. Loss of buildings and other assets. However, Tesla is full of confidence in this, and said that even if the output of the Shanghai factory is less than expected, it can achieve a capital expenditure of 654.38+04.08 billion yuan and a tax target of 2.23 billion yuan.
"The rise of Tesla proves that Shanghai's gambling is right." An industry insider told Yiou Automobile. Previous domestic models? At the delivery ceremony of the first batch of social car owners, Light Dance, member of the Standing Committee of Shanghai Municipal Committee and deputy mayor, once said that Tesla was "the largest foreign investment project in Shanghai".
On the other hand, there are many China auto parts enterprises behind the Yangtze River Delta. Tesla's entry into China has driven high-quality enterprises to attract much attention in the secondary market. At the beginning of February, thanks to the soaring share price of Tesla, the stocks of dozens of suppliers went up by daily limit, and dozens of stocks rose by more than 8%.
According to Tesla's plan, China made Model? 3 The localization rate of spare parts will reach 60%-70% in the middle of 2020, and it is expected to reach 100% by the end of 2020. A large number of China component manufacturers began to enter Tesla's "circle of friends".
Recently, many parts companies in China, including Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd. and Sheng Jun Electronics, announced that they have reached a supply agreement with Tesla and will supply parts for Tesla in the future. Shanghai, as a gathering place of auto parts manufacturers, is undoubtedly "the advantage is the first month".
On the other hand, Tesla also needs Shanghai.
Tesla's business philosophy
Tesla was once a productivity hell.
In the first half of 20 19, Tesla experienced a "dark moment". Due to layoffs and falling profits, its share price plummeted on 20 19 18+08 13% to $299.7. In the financial report of 20 19Q 1, the dismal performance of losing $700 million in a single quarter disappointed Wall Street with Tesla, and its share price once fell below $200 in June of 20 19.
But in the first month of 2020, Tesla's share price sat on the rocket. On February 4th, the stock price once reached a high of $969. With a market value of US$ 65.438+0744 billion, it has become the second highest car company in the world after Toyota.
This is due to the performance of Tesla. In 20 19, Tesla's global revenue reached $24.58 billion, a year-on-year increase of 14.5%. At the same time, the global delivery volume reached a record 368,000 vehicles, and it won the first place in the global electric vehicle sales as a luxury car.
On the other hand, Shanghai is "indispensable".
With the support of "Special Affairs Office", Shanghai Super Factory was built quickly. The production capacity of 6,543,800+5,000 vehicles in the first phase greatly eased Tesla's capacity crisis and provided a fulcrum for it to explore the China market. Webbush analyst Daniel Ives (Daniel? Ives) said that due to the potential of its business in China, Tesla's share price is likely to increase again.
Money is just a way for Shanghai to support Tesla. The $85 million subsidy announced this time has reached $46 million, and the rest will be implemented in the form of government-funded assets. The loan of 654.38+0.975 billion yuan was the result of crowdfunding by many banks, among which 9 billion yuan of secured term loans came from the four "big households" of Agricultural Bank, China Construction Bank, Industrial and Commercial Bank of China and Shanghai Pudong Development Bank, each claiming 2.25 billion yuan-Tesla even hoped that the super factory in Berlin could get the same local financing support as Shanghai.
However, Berlin seems far less enthusiastic than Shanghai.
Recently, the Brandenburg High Administrative Court ordered Tesla to cut down 92 hectares of forest for factory construction. Local officials warned that the super factory in Berlin will face a delay of six to nine months if it cannot be cut down before the animal breeding season. This is undoubtedly a blow to the rapidly expanding Tesla, and the plan to enter Europe may be stranded.
Is it "catfish" or "species invasion"?
The opening of the automobile industry is the general trend. Some analysts believe that Tesla will be a catfish, accelerating industrial transformation.
Since the subsidy decreased from June 2065438 to June 2009, the sales volume of new energy vehicles in China suffered a continuous decline in a single month, and the total sales volume decreased by 4% year-on-year. Among them, the sales volume of new car-making forces is less than expected, and the annual sales volume is very small. "The domestic field of new energy vehicles is mixed, and the arrival of Tesla will accelerate the elimination, but really good companies can survive." The insider told Yiou Automobile that subsidizing Tesla will "stimulate" local enterprises such as SAIC, which will have to speed up the process of the new four modernizations.
But for many car companies struggling to survive, Tesla is not only a catfish, but also an invasive species.
After nearly 20 years of development, China automobile industry has a certain foundation; In recent years, subsidizing new energy vehicles with national tax has also spawned the prosperity of the new energy vehicle industry. However, "low-end repeated manufacturing" is still the brand of China automobile industry, and it is difficult for China new energy automobile enterprises to "withdraw" subsidies. The entry of Tesla is tantamount to a huge challenge for many enterprises with weak brand foundation and poor product strength.
China manufacturing model? The price below 300,000 RMB has dropped to the price range of domestic new energy vehicles, and the cost performance is even close to that of fuel vehicles. Both traditional car companies and new car-making forces will face the sales impact brought by Tesla.
A sword of Damocles has been hanging over the heads of China car companies.
Editor: Hao
This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.