1964 65438+1October 16 Under the unified leadership of the Central Committee and with the joint efforts of scientific and technological personnel, cadres and workers, China's first atomic bomb exploded successfully in Lop Nur, Xinjiang, becoming the fifth country with nuclear weapons in the world after the United States, the Soviet Union, Britain and France.

The statement issued by the People's Republic of China (PRC) administration on the same day stated that China developed nuclear weapons for defense, and in order to break the nuclear monopoly of nuclear powers, the China administration solemnly declared that China would not be the first to use nuclear weapons at any time and under any circumstances. Atomic bomb (English) is a nuclear weapon that uses heavy atoms such as uranium 235 or plutonium 239 to release huge energy instantly, also known as fission bomb.

Historical background

A nuclear weapon system generally consists of a nuclear warhead, a projection tool and a command and control system. Nuclear warhead is its main component, also known as nuclear warhead, and is usually used interchangeably with nuclear devices and nuclear weapons. In fact, nuclear device refers to the combination of nuclear charge, other materials, initiating explosive and detonator, which can be used for nuclear testing, but usually cannot be used as a reliable weapon.

Nuclear weapon refers to the whole nuclear weapon system, including nuclear warheads. The emergence of nuclear weapons is the result of the great development of science and technology around the 1940s. At the beginning of 1939, German chemist O. Hahn and physical chemist F. Strassman published a paper on the phenomenon of nuclear fission of uranium atoms. Within a few weeks, scientists from many countries verified this discovery and further suggested that it was possible to create conditions for this fission reaction to proceed independently, thus opening up the use of this new energy.