Han Dynasty is an important period for the development of silk industry in China. Archaeological data discovered in recent years can fully reflect the development of silk industry in Han Dynasty. The silk weaving industry in Han Dynasty not only made unprecedented progress in technology, but also made great progress in the Central Plains and border areas.

There are many varieties that can be woven in Han Dynasty, such as brocade, embroidery, yarn and so on. Chang 'an and Linzi in the Western Han Dynasty owned the most important government-run handicrafts in China. Plain yarn single clothes unearthed from Mawangdui Han Tomb in Changsha and a large number of silk cultural relics unearthed on the Silk Road fully illustrate the achievements of silk weaving industry in Han Dynasty. The development of silk industry provided material conditions for the opening of the famous Silk Road.