degree
Degrees (Academic Degrees): academic titles or honorary titles awarded to individuals, indicating their education level or the level they have achieved in a certain subject field, or commending their outstanding contributions in a certain field. Awarded by qualified institutions of higher learning, scientific research institutions or other academic institutions and examination and approval institutions authorized by the state. Degree titles are enjoyed for life.
Degree system
Degree system: the general name of relevant laws, regulations or measures formulated by the state or institutions of higher learning to award degrees, ensure the quality of degree awarding and effectively manage degree work. 1980 NPC passed the "Regulations on Academic Degrees in People's Republic of China (PRC)" at the 13 meeting of the Fifth NPC Standing Committee, which marked the official birth of the new China academic degree system.
Degree level
Degree level: the level of degree division. In order to show the difference of academic level of degree winners, degrees are graded to form a degree level, and there are different academic titles when awarding degrees. Different countries have different cultural traditions and the history of awarding degrees, so the division of degree grades is also different. At present, most countries divide degrees into three levels: bachelor, master and doctor.
bachelor's degree
Bachelor degree: the name of the degree level. A junior degree in higher education in most countries in the world. Countries are usually awarded bachelor's degrees in different disciplines by institutions of higher learning according to their own regulations or practices, such as Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Science. China's bachelor's degree is divided into philosophy, economics, law, education, literature, history, science, engineering, agriculture, medicine, management, art and other disciplines 13.
Second bachelor's degree
Second bachelor's degree: name of degree level. The criteria for awarding the second bachelor's degree are: those who have completed the undergraduate course of a certain discipline and are allowed to graduate and obtain a bachelor's degree in this discipline, then study for another undergraduate major in another discipline (according to the needs of the country, another undergraduate major in the same discipline is also allowed to be selected) and complete the requirements stipulated in the teaching plan. Those who pass the examination are allowed to graduate and can be awarded a second bachelor's degree. The length of study for a second bachelor's degree is generally two years.
master's degree
Master's degree: the name of the degree level. A junior degree in postgraduate education is common in most countries in the world. Master's degree is based on undergraduate education and bachelor's degree, which is divided into academic master's degree and professional (or vocational) master's degree. Master's degree is the second of the three-level degrees in China. Master's degree in China is divided into 13 disciplines, such as philosophy, economics, law, education, literature, history, science, engineering, agriculture, medicine, management, art and so on.
doctor's degree
Doctoral degree: the name of the degree level. The highest degree of postgraduate education in most countries in the world. The doctor's degree is the highest among the three-level degrees in China. Doctoral degrees in China are divided into academic doctoral degrees and professional doctoral degrees. China's doctoral degree is divided into 13 disciplines, such as philosophy, economics, law, education, literature, history, science, engineering, agriculture, medicine, management, art and so on.
Honorary doctorate
Honorary doctorate: an honorary academic title generally awarded by most countries in the world. Different countries have different requirements for the recipients and conditions, but they are generally called honorary doctors. The purpose of awarding honorary doctorates in China is to commend outstanding scholars, scientists, famous politicians and social activists who have made outstanding contributions in academic, economic, educational, scientific, cultural and health fields, as well as social development and human progress at home and abroad. Starting from 1983, China was awarded an honorary doctorate.
degree
Academic degree: Also called "scientific degree". A degree classified according to the nature and characteristics of academic requirements for awarding degrees. Academic requirements for awarding degrees generally focus on theory and academic research, such as being able to carry out creative academic activities and high-level scientific research work, and mastering solid and extensive theoretical knowledge in this discipline. Philosophy degree is the main title of degrees in some European and American countries.
professional degree
Professional degree: one of the degree types. Also known as a vocational degree, it is another type of degree different from an academic degree. The task of professional degree education is to cultivate applied and compound senior talents who can meet the practical needs of specific occupations or posts in society.
classified catalog
The subject catalogue is applicable to the awarding of bachelor's, master's and doctor's degrees and personnel training, and is also used for discipline construction and educational statistical classification, which plays a guiding role and normative function in personnel training and discipline construction. The subject catalogue is divided into three levels: subject category, first-class subject (called "specialty" in undergraduate education) and two disciplines (called "specialty" in undergraduate specialty catalogue). Discipline categories and first-class disciplines are the basic basis for the state to examine and manage degree authorization, and also the basic basis for degree-granting units to carry out degree awarding and personnel training. The two disciplines are the reference for degree-granting units to implement personnel training. Discipline category is the classification of related disciplines, and its setting should meet the needs of discipline development and personnel training, taking into account the practice of educational statistical classification. A first-level discipline is a collection of disciplines with the same theoretical basis or research field, which is set according to the discipline attributes in principle. Two disciplines is the basic unit of the first-level discipline.
Subject category
Discipline field of degree conflict: discipline category is the classification of related disciplines, and it is the discipline category that awards degrees. According to the Measures for Setting and Managing the Catalogue of Degree Granting and Personnel Training (the State Council Academic Degrees Committee, Ministry of Education [2009]10), discipline categories are jointly formulated by the State Council Academic Degrees Committee and Ministry of Education, which is the basic basis for the state to review degree authorization and discipline management, and degree-granting units to carry out degree granting and personnel training. 20 1 1 In March, the State Council Academic Degrees Committee and Ministry of Education promulgated the revised Catalogue of Degree Granting and Talent Training (20 1 1), which stipulated that China could be divided into philosophy, economics, law, education, literature, history, science, engineering, agriculture and science.
First-class discipline
First-class discipline: a discipline classification system formed according to the needs of scientific research objects, paradigms, knowledge systems and personnel training, which is a collection of disciplines with relatively consistent theoretical basis or research fields. The first-level discipline is set according to the discipline attribute in principle. According to the Administrative Measures for Compiling the Catalogue of Academic Degrees and Personnel Training issued by the State Council Academic Degrees Committee and the Ministry of Education (Guo Ban Fa [2009]10), the first-level academic disciplines catalogue is jointly formulated by the State Council Academic Degrees Committee and the Ministry of Education, which is the basic basis for the state to review academic degree authorization and discipline management, and for degree-granting units to carry out academic degree granting and personnel training. 20 1 1 In March, the State Council Academic Degrees Committee and the Ministry of Education promulgated and revised the Catalogue of Degree Granting and Talent Training (20 1 1), and set up10 first-level disciplines.
Two disciplines
Two disciplines: According to the needs of scientific research object, knowledge system and personnel training, the first-level discipline is further divided into several related and relatively independent disciplines and majors, which are the basic units of the first-level discipline. According to the the State Council Academic Degrees Committee and the Ministry of Education's Administrative Measures on Setting up the Catalogue of Degree Granting and Personnel Training (Degree [2009]10), in principle, the degree-granting unit independently sets up and adjusts two disciplines according to the catalogue of disciplines issued by the the State Council Academic Degrees Committee and the Ministry of Education. On the basis of statistical analysis of enrollment, degree awarding and graduate employment of the two disciplines, the relevant functional departments of the Ministry of Education compiled a catalogue of two disciplines with a certain number of degree-granting units, widely recognized by the society and large-scale training into two disciplines. The catalogues of the two disciplines are compiled every five years for the reference of degree-conferring units in personnel training.
Degree conferring
Degree conferring: refers to the activities and working process of the degree conferring unit to accept the application of degree applicants, examine and decide to award degrees and issue degree certificates. Degree conferring activities must be carried out in disciplines and majors with corresponding degree conferring rights in units with corresponding degree conferring rights.
Right of Degree-conferring
Degree conferring power: Degree conferring power is referred to as degree authorization for short. In particular, it refers to the qualification and power to grant degrees to degree applicants after approval. The sources of degree authorization vary from country to country, mainly from countries, universities and local governments. In another case, the evaluation and approval are carried out through some recognized form, such as university associations or other forms of university evaluation organizations. The right to confer degrees in China was approved by the State Council before 1985, and then authorized by the State Council Academic Degrees Committee.
Degree conferring unit
Degree-conferring institutions: institutions of higher learning or scientific research institutions that have been approved to award degrees. According to the degree grades awarded, it is divided into bachelor degree awarding units, master degree awarding units and doctoral degree awarding units.
Degree certificate
Degree certificate: a document issued to an individual to show that he has obtained a degree. The degree certificate shall be numbered uniformly by the academic degree evaluation committee of the degree-conferring unit, stamped with the seal of the degree-conferring unit, and shall take effect after being signed by the administrative leader of the degree-conferring unit and Chairman academic degree evaluation committee. If it is found that the degree winner does not meet the requirements, the degree-granting unit academic degree evaluation committee can make a decision to revoke the degree award and withdraw the degree certificate issued to him.
Square hat robe
CAP and slogan: It is a formal dress worn by degree winners, degree winners, presidents of schools (colleges), President academic degree evaluation committee and members (or tutors) of degree-conferring units when attending dissertation defense meetings, degree conferring ceremonies, honorary doctorate conferring ceremonies, graduation ceremonies and school (college) celebrations. The cap robe consists of a degree cap, tassels, a degree robe and hanging cloth. The degree cap is square black; The tassel of doctor's degree hat is red, the tassel of master's degree hat is dark blue, and the tassel of president's hat is yellow; The robes of doctors are black and red, the robes of masters are blue and dark blue, and the robes of principals are red and black; According to the six categories of literature, science, engineering, agriculture, medicine and military, the trim of soft clothes is pink, gray, yellow, green, white and red.
postgraduate education
Postgraduate education: it is a kind of academic education to train senior professionals after undergraduate education, and it belongs to the highest stage of higher education. Postgraduate education is generally associated with the degree system and is generally divided into two levels: master's degree and doctor's degree.
postgraduate
Postgraduate: a student who has graduated from an institution of higher learning and obtained a bachelor's degree, or has the same academic ability, and has been admitted to an institution of higher learning or scientific research institutions to receive post-undergraduate education, engage in scientific research, and pursue a higher degree or certificate after examination. Graduate students complete the required courses, write dissertations and pass the defense, and the enrollment and training units (institutions of higher learning or scientific research institutions) award corresponding degrees and certificates.
postgraduate
Master's degree graduate: short for master's degree graduate. Students who are studying, researching or studying for a master's degree in institutions of higher learning. Those who have obtained the course credits stipulated in the postgraduate training plan for studying for master's degree in the corresponding disciplines, completed the thesis under the guidance of the tutor and passed the thesis defense will be awarded the master's degree. Generally, the duration of postgraduate study in school is 2-3 years, and the academic system of postgraduate students with on-the-job training or part-time study can be extended accordingly, but the longest period is not more than 5 years.
doctoral student
Doctoral student: short for graduate students studying for doctoral degree. Students who study, research or conduct doctoral scientific research in institutions of higher learning. After completing the prescribed courses and passing the examination, the doctoral students completed their doctoral thesis under the guidance of their tutors, and passed the thesis defense, and were awarded the doctoral degree. The academic system of doctoral students is generally 3 ~ 6 years.
Shuo bo Lian du
Joint study of master's degree and doctoral degree: one of the ways to train graduate students. Refers to the overall arrangement of postgraduate training for master's and doctoral degrees, and the method of directly studying for doctoral degrees. After completing the first-stage degree course, we will have a rigorous comprehensive examination and selection, and the best will be promoted to the second-stage study. Postgraduates who have not entered the second stage of study continue to complete their master's degree studies. After completing all the study items stipulated in the first and second training plans, graduate students can apply for doctoral thesis defense, and the doctoral degree will be awarded through the respondent.
Take part in bachelor's and doctoral degrees.
Joint study of bachelor's and doctoral degrees: also known as "direct blog", or "continuous reading of master's and doctoral students" There are two kinds of joint study of bachelor's degree and doctoral degree: one is to study for doctoral degree directly after graduation for 4-6 years or more; The other is to get through the three stages of undergraduate, master and doctor, and make unified arrangements. The general academic system is eight or nine years. Bachelor's and doctoral students who participate in the study do not write independent master's dissertations, but directly engage in doctoral dissertations. The elimination system is implemented in this master's degree and doctoral degree, and students are assessed by the college every year, mainly including academic performance, scientific research performance and ideological and moral performance, and eliminated according to the assessment results. The eliminated students will be disqualified from continuing their master's and doctoral studies, and only some outstanding students will eventually get doctoral degrees.
knowledge
Academic ability: short for learning ability and knowledge level. Refers to a person's knowledge level and ability to accept, understand and use knowledge. In some specific cases, it refers to a person's education level and a certain degree of knowledge.
degree
Educational curriculum (antecedent) refers to a person's formal learning experience. Usually refers to what level of formal education a person has received, when he graduated from which school, completed his studies or left school.
The same level of education
People with the same academic ability: people with different learning experiences have reached the same level in knowledge and learning ability.
degree course
The degree course specifies the courses that degree applicants must pass the exam. According to the Regulations of People's Republic of China (PRC) on Academic Degrees, graduate students or people with the same academic qualifications as graduate students must pass the course examination of the corresponding degree and pass the examination. These courses are usually called degree courses.
Degree and postgraduate education
Degree and postgraduate education: ① The general term for the related contents of degree and postgraduate education. ② Indicate the relationship between degree and postgraduate education. (3) Postgraduate education and degree system, degree work and postgraduate education work are the customary terms when they are different and related in terms of work object, scope of activities, career development or research field. Because of the close relationship between degree and postgraduate education, people usually take them as a concept when talking about related issues or summarizing related work, which is called "degree and postgraduate education".
Advanced postgraduate courses
Postgraduate course refresher course: a form of teaching organization to review, coach and consult all kinds of on-the-job employees who have the same academic ability to apply for master's degree and pass the one-time degree course examination.
The above is the related content of "202 1 Introduction to Postgraduate Degree" compiled by Bian Xiao. I hope it will help everyone. More information about preparing for the exam is in the common sense channel of hunting and postgraduate education!
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