In 2007, the Municipal Education Institute * * * received the primary school Chinese test paper 1 1 and the primary school mathematics test paper 10. The small language and decimal room of the city has carefully selected the application materials, and the preliminary evaluation work has now ended, and the evaluation results will be reported to the leading group of the municipal education and teaching research and planning for review.

This year, the number of small language and decimal topics applied to the municipal level has been greatly reduced, which is half of that in 2006, indicating that the districts and counties have been carefully screened, reflecting that the application for topics tends to be rational and on the right track.

Looking at the topic of small language and decimal 2 1 in this declaration, it covers a wide range and is well prepared. For example, the topics of minority languages involve the construction of campus culture, the development of hometown resources and the integration of subject teaching, reading methods and innovative composition teaching models, and the reform of learning methods. Mathematics in primary schools pays more attention to the professional growth of teachers, the change of teaching and learning methods of teachers and students, and how to develop mathematics teaching resources. Generally speaking, it is relatively standard to fill in the project application form. The projects recommended by huangshan district are outstanding in this respect, and Yixian has done better.

In the review of the municipal engineering, we also found the following problems:

1, the topic argument is not targeted, and there are too many theoretical routines, which are exaggerated. There is a common phenomenon between the research content and the expected breakthrough, and there is a lack of professional language expression; Although some topics have special language, they are all piled up by theory, and there is a phenomenon of "two skins", which has no reference to this topic. There are still some topics that are inconsistent with the research content and the focus is uncertain.

2. The research content and breakthrough point are too large, and some even need to form a theoretical and practical model, which is obviously not something that grass-roots schools can complete in such a short time and such human resources. Other subjects lack scientific research content, just some ordinary teaching activities.

3. There is a lack of analysis of the research status of the subject at home and abroad, and three subjects have not talked about this aspect at all, and the relevant materials are not fully prepared.

4. Carelessly fill in the project application form, and there are incorrect typesetting format, unsightly and punctuation confusion, even the smallest sentence repetition problem can not be proofread and hastily reported. Some topics are handwritten (this is ok), but the handwriting is scrawled and even illegible. Although our judging experts are very serious, the applicants themselves are so careless. Can you ask others to examine your work carefully?

Based on the principle of facing the grassroots and giving priority to encouragement, we are still relatively relaxed in the examination and approval of municipal projects. It is hoped that the research group established at the municipal or provincial level will do solid work in the process and be serious and standardized when submitting the final report and application.

Now, let's make a simple reflection on the question of "How do teachers write project applications" for teachers' reference.

The first part of kung fu is outside the poem

There are three main steps in doing a project: the first step is to select a topic and establish a project; The second step is the actual operation; The third step is to analyze and summarize. Every step has a specific method, and today I mainly talk about the first aspect.

First, we should learn to choose topics.

When we just entered the subject research, the topic selection is very important, because it provides a direction and a certain scope for our subject research. Although you can change the topic later, you should be careful when choosing an exact, practical and novel topic.

So, where can we find inspiration for our project?

First of all, we must have a sense of problems.

To be a conscientious person in education and teaching, you should always observe everywhere and ask more questions in your work. He is good at finding problems in his work and summing up his own teaching experience. This is in line with the important feature of "thinking and doing" in educational research. If students don't like the phenomenon of raising their hands to speak, you can ask a question: "Why don't students like raising their hands to speak?" Is the answer only his intelligence? Is it just his character? That's not true. If you talk to students with scientific awareness, investigate. You will find that there are various reasons why students don't raise their hands to speak in class: there are reasons for learning attitude and insufficient preparation; Have the ability to learn, but can't teach themselves; There are psychological reasons, you are timid ... at this time, you should reflect again: children are the most eager to learn. They are full of curiosity and question marks about the world, but why don't they want to ask questions in class? Children are the most naive. They always want to grow up early and talk to adults. But why did he choose silence in class? This is a bit of a problem. "How to mobilize students' participation in the classroom?" This has formed a topic.

Secondly, we should pay attention to students.

The ultimate goal of project research is to promote the development of each student. Our research is for students, and the object of our research is students. It is very important to know the current situation of students in the research. Therefore, in our daily work, we should establish a "student-oriented" consciousness. We can know the current situation of your students' cognition, ability and emotion by designing questionnaires, talking and observing, and analyze it to find the source of the research.

Students' difficulties are our research topic, and students' shortcomings and deficiencies are our research topic. As a front-line teacher, I don't think we lack the source of topic selection. What we lack is the consciousness of extracting valuable topics from seemingly ordinary work.

For example, the project "How to promote students' effective learning and all-round development through mathematics teaching activities" declared by Chengguan Primary School in Shexian County, based on the understanding of students' learning style and the requirements of the new curriculum, thinks that children are not active in learning, are used to listening to teachers in class and are bystanders in their own learning; If you are unhappy with your study, you feel that homework is a burden and that it is to complete the teacher's task. The new curriculum standard proposes that "students are the masters of learning". It emphasizes autonomy, encourages every student to participate actively, and fully respects students' autonomy from the determination of learning content, the organization and implementation of learning activities to the presentation of learning results. It pays special attention to the process of exploration and research, and pays attention to cultivating students' ability of active exploration, unity and cooperation and innovative practice in the process of comprehensive learning. Therefore, the idea of "how to promote students' effective learning and all-round development in mathematics teaching activities" will help to change students' learning state; It helps students to form a learning style of autonomy, cooperation and inquiry as soon as possible; In the experience of mathematical activities, it is helpful to the formation and development of students' mathematical literacy.

Third, what suits you is the best.

As we all know, in the past two years, many schools have carried out research on educational narrative and put forward the problem of returning to experience summary. Teachers record the new problems found in the teaching process, inspire new ideas and new ideas, and explain new ideas by telling their own curriculum stories and cases. Real-time reflection is a summary of experience, and sublimation is a research topic. Observing the relevant research in primary and secondary schools, it is the cases of experts and teachers who have both practical experience and theoretical height that really cause criticism, and the deeper the research, the more so! Because this is what teachers can really imitate and really benefit. Most educators who have made achievements in the former Soviet Union have such a background. Professor He Kekang once said that "the real educators are in primary and secondary schools, not in colleges and universities" is really meaningful.

Huangshan district Jiaocun Central School's "Experimental Research on Teaching Reflection and Rural Primary School Teachers' Professional Development" and Xiuning County's "Research on Two-way Reflection between Teachers and Students in Mathematics Teaching" both talked about such problems, which I think are good.

Second, we should study theoretical literature.

The work to be done after the topic selection is to consult the important documents related to this topic and further understand the topic selection. Through learning, we can not only improve our theoretical quality of education and teaching, find theoretical support for the project, but also determine the basic point of our own research. As a front-line teacher, we can improve our understanding of education and teaching theory from the following aspects.

1, learn professional theoretical knowledge. For example, books, newspapers and magazines on pedagogy and psychology. But in order to save time, it is best to read magazines and newspapers such as educational abstracts, and read literature review, scientific research information and trends. Try to get the largest amount of scientific research information in a limited time.

2. Learning curriculum standards. Curriculum standards are the theoretical basis to guide our educational work, and also the concrete embodiment of new educational concepts and theories in disciplines, so that we can learn the theoretical knowledge of subject research in the shortest way. No matter what textbooks we use, we should devote ourselves to this educational revolution with new teaching ideas and new teaching methods. Therefore, it is our direction to know the goal and background of the whole curriculum reform and the new teaching ideas and strategies. If you want to be busy and tired again, you should study the Curriculum Standards of the subjects you teach. From the new curriculum concept, objectives, content, evaluation and other aspects, we can also find the basis for our research. Therefore, our topic has both practical value, theoretical support and operability.

3. Learn from others' excellent experience. After the research topic is determined, it is necessary to collect other people's research data on similar topics and learn from other people's experience. In this way, we can know what level we are working on: what have others done on this issue? What problems have been solved? What else is left for us to study? How did they study it? Is the result scientific? Knowing the level of other people's research, on the one hand, allows us to conduct specific research selectively according to our own specialties and abilities, on the other hand, it can avoid "crashing" and repeating the old path of being imitated, resulting in a waste of energy and material resources. Learn from other people's experience, you can read celebrity monographs, or you can search online according to your own research topics.

Third, we must design a good project plan.

Our teacher often prepares only one project application, which is wrong. The project plan should be designed in advance, so it is a natural process to write the project application.

Detailed project plan is the guarantee of successful project research. When the project plan is worked out, the project is half successful. A project plan should be clear: research problems and their scope, research methods to be adopted, sampling of research objects, time arrangement, etc. What to study (research content) must be clear and operable.

The benefits of designing a good project plan are mainly manifested in the following aspects:

(a) contribute to the orderly progress of the project.

Detailed project planning requires the steps of project research. The research steps of the subject are mainly divided into three periods: preparation stage, practice stage and summary stage. This formulation ensures that the project is carried out in an orderly manner and allows researchers to understand what to do in each time period. Now, step by step:

Preparation stage:

1, theoretical study. Collect, consult and analyze information on related topics.

2. Scheme design. Determine the content, objectives and steps of the study.

3. Project demonstration. Invite relevant experts to demonstrate the scientificity and feasibility of the project.

Practical stage:

1, practice according to the content and strategy of the study.

2. Record and collect the written materials of the experiment.

3. Revise and improve the research scheme of the subject.

Summary stage:

1, sort out the data, summarize the research experiments, and summarize the problems.

2, writing scientific research reports, research papers, comprehensive display of research results.

(b) promoting the implementation of the project.

The detailed project plan must include the contents and strategies of the project research. Doing the project is step by step. Therefore, the more detailed the research contents and methods, the better. That is, what you want to do and how to do it should be clearly stated in the project plan. For example, the methods of project research include observation, investigation, action research and educational experiment. When to use action research method and when to use investigation method in your research, there is stress. If you plan in detail in the project plan, there will be feasible chapters when you start to do the project. Generally speaking, the research method of this topic is the combination of action research and educational experiment. Action research method is formative experiment, generally in the early stage of subject research, and educational experiment method is confirmatory experiment, generally in the late stage of subject research.

(c) It helps to think and summarize the theme.

Detailed project planning is essential for project research. The proposal of the research purpose of the subject provides a basis for us to reflect on the subject. When doing a project, we should always reflect on whether our research has reached the predetermined goal according to the research purpose of the project. So as to sum up the experimental experience and revise the research content and strategy.

Fourth, we should be good at cooperation and communication.

1, supported by students and parents.

A successful project research can not be separated from the support of students and parents. Especially the students' support and cooperation. Therefore, when you decide to do a project, you must let the students know the purpose of your research and what they need to cooperate with. Let students, parents and teachers build an experimental stage together, which is the basis of successful research.

2. Get the support of leaders and teachers.

A successful project research is inseparable from the support of school leaders and teachers in the same group. Project research needs the atmosphere of discussion and the guidance of theory and practice ... so when we are doing a project, we should take the initiative to communicate with teachers in the research room, teachers in the same group, and even teachers in different disciplines to get help and support from others as much as possible. This is of great help to the research of the subject.

3. Get support from experts and family members.

A successful project research is inseparable from the support of experts and family members. Whether the project is finally successful or not, the most realistic thing is whether the project you have done has won an award or not, and whether it has been recognized by experts. Therefore, to do a project, we have to find teaching and research personnel and communicate with scientific research experts. Get their guidance as much as possible to make the research topic more rigorous and scientific. Of course, it is also important to get the support of your family during the research. Doing project research means "think it over, do it well". When the project is initiated and concluded, you should go home to read and write articles. So get the understanding of your family.

The second part is how to write a project application.

Huangshan city to declare the project mainly includes the following aspects:

1, project name

Principal name is the name of the principal. This seems like a small problem, but in fact, when many people write a topic, they often write it inaccurately and inappropriately, thus affecting the image and quality of the whole topic. This is what most people call "just having children, not naming them".

So, how to name the topic?

(1) name should be accurate and standardized.

Accuracy is the name of this subject. It is necessary to make it clear what the topic is and what the research object is. For example, we now have a project called "Study on the Modernization Process of Experimental Primary School Education in Huangshan City", the research object is Huangshan Experimental Primary School, and the research problem is educational modernization. Sometimes it is necessary to write out the research methods, such as "Experimental Research on Mental Health Education of Students in Huangshan Experimental Primary School", in which the research object is students in Huangshan Experimental Primary School, not students from other schools. The main method of research is experimental research, which makes it very clear that others can know what this subject is studying at a glance.

But the names of some topics are not very accurate. For example, the name "Research on Moral Education Infiltration in Subject Teaching" has no clear research object and problems. Are you a middle school student, a primary school student or a college student? All subjects are still only Chinese and mathematics. Another example is the name "oral breakthrough". Suppose others only look at the topic and can't see what they are learning, such as Chinese, English, middle school or primary school, high school or junior high school. Can it be changed to "Research on Breakthrough of English Teaching Mode for Primary School Students"? In short, the title of the topic must be consistent with the content of the study, neither too big nor too small, and it should accurately summarize the objects and problems you are studying.

Standardization means that the use of words and sentence patterns should be standardized and scientific, and specious words, slogans and conclusion sentences should not be used. Because we are conducting scientific research, we should express our thoughts and opinions in scientific and standardized language. There is a topic called "Cultivating students' autonomous learning ability and improving classroom teaching efficiency". If this topic is an empirical paper or research report, I think it is good, but as a topic, I think it is not very good, because the topic is the problem we want to solve, and this problem is being discussed and studied, so there can be no final tone.

(2) the name should be concise, not too long.

Whether it is a paper or a topic, the name should not be too long. Try not to use words if you can, generally no more than 20 words. In this school project declaration form, I think the name is concise and clear, so I won't go into details here.

2. The purpose and significance of the research.

The purpose and significance of research is why we should study and study its value. This can generally be based on the actual needs, pointing out that there is this problem in reality, which needs to be studied and solved, and what practical role the research of this topic has, and then writing out the theoretical and academic value of the topic. These should be written more specifically and pertinently, and we should not shout slogans aimlessly. Don't write all the general slogans such as adhering to the party's educational policy, implementing quality education and improving the quality of education and teaching. In 2006, the Municipal Education Institute and the Municipal Experimental Primary School jointly declared the provincial-level topic "Chinese education and children's personality development". The purpose and significance of our research are as follows:

"Carrying forward people's subjectivity and arousing children's subjective consciousness and ability are the core of implementing quality education and carrying out classroom teaching reform; It is an important guarantee to stimulate children's enthusiasm, initiative and creativity in learning Chinese, improve the efficiency of Chinese classroom teaching, comprehensively cultivate students' personality and comprehensive quality, and truly implement the development goal of quality education.

"Teaching practice shows that children, as individuals with distinct personalities, always contact Chinese materials with their existing knowledge, experience and emotions, and their personality in learning Chinese is objective. We must fully embody the concept of "student-oriented" in the broad Chinese learning environment by combining the characteristics of the subject and the spirit of the times; We must base ourselves on the reality of Chinese teaching in primary schools, pay attention to the cultivation of moral sentiment, innovative spirit and practical ability, develop students' intellectual potential, give full play to students' personality, and realize the highest state of "teaching is for not teaching" proposed by Mr. Ye Shengtao. Establish an exploratory and personalized subject learning model to change the situation that teachers always "talk" and students passively "listen". Guide students to actively participate in Chinese learning activities. In the broad teaching environment of Chinese education, students can independently discover, master and understand the true relationship of knowledge through mutual cooperation, discussion and exchange in a relaxed, democratic and equal teaching atmosphere, and cultivate students' autonomous learning ability and innovative consciousness, ability and spirit.

"The research of this topic is based on the reality of Chinese classroom teaching in primary schools, aiming at optimizing the existing Chinese classroom structure in primary schools, giving full play to students' main role, improving the quality of Chinese classroom teaching in primary schools, exploring a road suitable for the development and reform of Chinese classroom teaching in primary schools in our province, and summing up experience for the comprehensive implementation of quality education in primary schools in our province. "

3. The guiding ideology of the research.

The guiding ideology is what direction should be adhered to and what requirements should be met on a macro level. This direction or requirement can be philosophical and political theory, the government's educational development plan, and the guiding opinions for studying problems. For a large-scale and long-term subject, if there is a clear guiding ideology in general, some directional errors in theoretical research can be avoided.

4. The objective of the study.

The goal of the research is to achieve specific goals and solve specific problems. Compared with the purpose and guiding ideology, the research goal is more specific, and it must be clearly written. Only when the goal is clear and specific can we know what the specific work direction is and what the research focus is, and our thinking will not be disturbed by various factors.

5. The basic content of the study.

When we have the research goal of the subject, we must determine the specific content of our subject according to the goal, and the research content is more specific than the research goal. And a goal may be achieved through several aspects of research, which are not necessarily one-to-one correspondence. When we determine the research content, we often don't consider it very specifically. The research content written is particularly general and vague, and it is very unfavorable for our whole research to regard the purpose and significance of the research as the research content. So learn to break down the topic and do it bit by bit.

The research content of the topic "Chinese education and children's personality development" that we declared is mainly in the following three aspects:

(1) Study on the relationship between implementing Chinese education and promoting children's personality development;

(2) Exploring strategies to optimize the basic structure of Chinese classroom teaching in primary schools and stimulate children's personality development;

(3) Explore and implement the Chinese education and teaching mode aimed at stimulating children's personality development.

The specific performance is as follows;

1. To study the influence of the quality of Chinese teachers in primary schools on children's individualized Chinese learning;

⑷ To study the characteristics, methods and approaches of Chinese education and its role in stimulating children's personality development;

3. To study how to deal with the relationship between presupposition and generation, text value orientation and students' unique experience in Chinese classroom teaching in primary schools;

1. Study the influence of China traditional culture education (classic reading project) on children's personality development;

⒌ Explore the influence of Chinese education on students' intelligence and non-intelligence factors;

6. Investigation and reflection on the current situation of primary school students' extracurricular reading and its influence on optimizing Chinese education and teaching;

Exploring the individual characteristics and countermeasures of students with Chinese learning difficulties in primary schools;

⒏ Explore the quality evaluation standards that can stimulate children's personality development and greatly improve the efficiency of Chinese teaching in primary schools;

(9) Exploring the teaching mode of Chinese education in primary schools that can stimulate children's language ability and innovative spirit;

⒑ Explore the influence of Chinese teaching reform in primary schools on other subjects.

When determining the research objectives of the project, on the one hand, we should consider the requirements of the project itself, on the other hand, we should consider the actual working conditions and level of the research group.

6. Steps of research.

The step of project research is the arrangement of project research in time and order. The steps of research should fully consider the relationship and difficulty of research content. In general, it starts with the basic problems and is carried out in stages. There must be rules for the beginning and end of each stage.

7. Research methods.

There are many methods of educational research, including historical research, investigation research, experimental research, comparative research, theoretical research and so on. A large project often needs many methods. A small project may be mainly one method, but other methods are also needed.

When we apply various methods, we must strictly follow the requirements of the methods, and we must do it with experience and common sense. For example, we need to know the situation through investigation, how to make a questionnaire and how to analyze it, instead of just sending a table, we just need to get some percentages and averages.

8. Form of research results

Research results include reports, papers, monographs, software, courseware and other forms. The content and form of research results are different with different topics, but no matter what form, the research of the topic must have results, otherwise, the topic will not be completed.

9, research organization and personnel division of labor

In the plan, the project leader, deputy leader, members of the research group and division of labor should be written. The leader of the research group is the person in charge of this topic.

A research group should include people from three aspects, namely, people with power, people with insight and people with aspirations. If you have the right, you can get more support. If you have knowledge, the quality and level of the project will be higher. If you are interested, you can do it, not afraid of hard work. The division of labor of the research group must be clear and reasonable, and strive to let everyone know their work and responsibilities, and can't eat the same pot. However, on the basis of division of labor, we should also pay attention to the cooperation of all staff, so that everyone can study and discuss together to overcome various difficulties and problems in the research process.

The estimation of funds refers to where the project needs money, how much money it needs and how to manage it. These should be written clearly, otherwise the experts will not trust you to establish the project. As the saying goes, "the horses and soldiers have not moved, and the grain and grass come first".

Today's topic is "How to write a project application". We hope that the primary school teachers in our city will tell us the puzzles and troubles you usually have in doing problems, and we will discuss and solve them together. We also hope that everyone will tell us your experience and let all primary school teachers in the city share your happiness of success!