First, the employment status of students majoring in tourism in higher vocational colleges

According to the statistics of the National Tourism Administration, there are 9.8 million direct tourism professionals residents in China, with an average annual increase of 500,000, with a gap of at least 2 million. Tourism majors have a vast employment space and good employment prospects in all directions. In recent years, the employment situation of tourism majors is also good. According to the data published on the website of China Higher Vocational Education, the employment rate of tourism graduates from famous domestic vocational colleges has reached 100%. After graduation, some students went to hotels, travel agencies and other enterprises, and some went to state organs related to their majors or switched to other industries for employment.

Judging from the market demand, the heads of tourist hotels, travel agencies and other employers believe that tourism is a highly operational industry, and the requirements for practical operation ability are far higher than those for knowledge. Therefore, enterprises, especially travel agencies, are more willing to use higher vocational students who are familiar with tourism business and willing to suffer hardships. Relatively speaking, enterprises think they are more practical than undergraduates.

Second, the main factors affecting the employment of students majoring in tourism management

1. Society expects too much of students' ability and quality.

Many parents believe that junior college students majoring in tourism management who have a systematic grasp of tourism theory should be engaged in more decent positions such as managers, supervisors and civil servants in tourism enterprises in the future. The concept of "favored by heaven" among college students has a long history. Coupled with the influence of society and family, many students majoring in tourism have a strong sense of superiority and high expectations for employment. In the selection of employment areas, employment units and jobs, there is a phenomenon of "three choices" to some extent.

2. Traditional employment concept affects employment.

There is a big talent gap in the tourism industry. As long as graduates are willing, there are jobs. Only the enrollment situation in recent years is not ideal. Even students who have studied tourism major still change careers after graduation, which is related to people's traditional ideas. In China's traditional concept, service is the work of serving people, and the service profession is inferior. This kind of old consciousness and old ideas still affect people to varying degrees, which has a great influence on college students' job hunting.

3. Lack of rational thinking on career orientation.

College students pay the most attention to personal development space when they are employed, hoping to have opportunities for promotion in a short time. The tourism industry, especially the hotel industry, requires managers to sit up from waiters. Managers need knowledge and experience, especially the most basic work experience in this industry. Otherwise, it is difficult to be a good manager without experience. The expected income of graduates does not match the salary provided by employers.

4. The choice of professional employment is too narrow

At present, most of the jobs in tourism are confined to hotels and travel agencies. With the coming of knowledge-based economy and information society, and the intensification of tourism competition, the shortage of talents will become more and more prominent. First, the management of tourism enterprises need regular talents, such as senior managers, talents engaged in human resource management and development, marketing, tourism entertainment management, tourism planning, tourism scenic spot management, tourism property management and so on. Second, the development of tourism needs some new professionals, such as engaging in tourism e-commerce, timeshare tourism network management, exhibition tourism, tourism capital operation, etc. Third, creative and compound talents are needed for future social competition.

5, knowledge and practical ability is not outstanding.

At present, a large number of graduates who work in tourism enterprises can't meet the requirements of enterprises when they start working. The investigation and analysis of the reasons show that the setting of professional training programs in some higher vocational colleges is not closely integrated with the market demand, and many courses offered are out of touch with the actual situation, so that students only learn some professional knowledge unilaterally at school.

Third, the employment countermeasures of students majoring in tourism management

1. Strengthen employment guidance and plan career rationally.

For enterprises, morality and responsibility are the key criteria for selecting candidates. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the education and guidance of students' career planning during school. First, through the education and guidance of career planning, strengthen students' understanding of the training objectives and employment direction of this major; Second, encourage students to participate in social practice activities and learn about the characteristics of their profession and the qualities that employees should have as soon as possible; In addition, the forms of employment guidance should be diversified. In addition to holding employment seminars, parents can also hold employment briefings, invite relevant enterprises to introduce themselves to the school, and help students study interested enterprises from all aspects.

2. Strengthen vocational education and change the concept of employment.

At present, college students have some unreasonable ideas about career choice. Influenced by the current social and economic situation, students have some negative tendencies in the process of career choice, such as pursuing stability, worshiping power and utilitarian psychology. They should choose which career is popular and which career environment is excellent, so that irrational choices such as "teacher fever", "civil servant fever" and "foreign enterprise fever" appear in career choice. As college students, we should establish a correct concept of job selection. We should strengthen our own ideological education, understand ourselves correctly, overcome blind hedonism, money worship and egoism, and cultivate lofty professional ideals and ethics, a high sense of social responsibility and the spirit of initiative and innovation.

3. Strengthen practical teaching and improve operational skills.

The most prominent feature of higher vocational education is to combine practical applied technology theory courses with experiments, training and practice, and to carry out practical teaching of integrating theory with practice, so as to achieve the purpose of cultivating applied technology talents. In the teaching of students majoring in tourism, we should take the campus base as the experimental training base, and build an experimental training base complementary to the curriculum to provide conditions for students to obtain socially recognized skill level certificates.

Students majoring in tourism in higher vocational colleges should make full use of the rich tourism resources and facilities in the region and carry out activities such as resource investigation, hotel service and volunteer tour guide. At present, the demand for talents in the general tourist season will be relatively large. For those students who are interested in developing in the tourism industry, it is very meaningful to get involved in this field in advance. College students use their holidays to accumulate work experience in travel agencies and hotels, which is very helpful for finding jobs in the future.

4. Optimize the curriculum and improve the teaching quality.

The first is to refine the professional direction. At present, China's tourism higher education basically has professional directions such as hotel management, marketing and travel agency management. According to the needs of tourism development, there will be a more professional direction. Therefore, specialization will be a trend. Colleges and universities should set up majors that meet the requirements of the times according to their own strength, so as to be practical, advanced and reasonable in structure; The second is to arrange the class hours of theory and practice courses reasonably, so that students can master the basic theoretical knowledge and improve their practical ability accordingly; Third, we should cultivate teachers with both theoretical knowledge and practical experience, and improve the overall quality of teachers.

5. Strengthen vocational education and cultivate professional enthusiasm.

As a graduate majoring in tourism, we should first strengthen our recognition of the tourism industry subjectively. Teachers play a leading role in this respect. Teachers can impart tourism-related theoretical knowledge to students through rich professional knowledge and flexible teaching methods, so that students can understand that tourism is a new sunrise industry with great development space; You can also communicate with students, change the concept that some students' tour guide service and reception service are inferior, and adjust students' mentality of choosing a job; In addition, students can also be organized to carry out field practice, investigation and other activities, from training students to? Inspire the love of this major from the interest in tourism.

6. Strengthen quality education

Tourism is an applied and practical industry, so it is particularly important to implement quality education in talent training. Higher vocational colleges should change their educational concepts and implement innovative education and quality education. The cultivation of students majoring in tourism should be closely combined with practical work, tourism development and social reality, and various innovative education practice modes should be vigorously advocated, including making innovative training programs and plans, carrying out innovative classroom teaching and various extracurricular teaching activities, and cultivating students' practical ability and innovative spirit. In order to meet the demand of tourism development for tourism talents, tourism majors should break through the original education mode, lay a foundation at a higher level, establish an image, reform and innovate, make full use of various tourism education resources, form a joint force of overall tourism education, and cultivate more applied talents suitable for market demand.

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