1, independent variable?
Argument is the author's view, viewpoint and proposition on a certain problem or a certain kind of event in the article, which requires correctness, distinctiveness and pertinence. For example, the article "Persistence is Victory" holds that persistence is an important condition for a person to achieve academic or career success. ?
success belongs to the persevering
People all want to achieve something in their careers or studies, but only some people have won, while quite a few people are struggling with the pain of failure. Why?
As the saying goes, "success comes naturally." It stands to reason that those losers can completely taste the joy of victory, but they often lack a necessary condition for victory, that is, persistence. This is the reason why they failed. In the above proverb, the meaning of "persistence" has been implied in "achievement". Obviously, if a person wants to achieve academic or career success, in addition to personal efforts, persistence is also an important condition to achieve this goal.
Dickens, a famous British writer, usually pays great attention to observing and experiencing life. No matter whether it is windy or rainy, he insists on going to the streets to observe and listen every day, recording the odds and ends of pedestrians and accumulating rich living materials. In this way, he wrote a wonderful description of the dialogue between characters in david copperfield and left a vivid description of the social background in A Tale of Two Cities, thus becoming a generation of British writers and achieving great success in his literary career. Edison spent ten years developing storage batteries, during which he kept gritting his teeth. After about 50 thousand experiments, he finally succeeded in inventing the battery and was awarded the reputation of "the king of invention"
Dickens and Edison won the final victory by persistence. Insist that Dickens left many excellent works for people and added many fine works to the treasure house of world literature. Persistence enabled Edison to overcome many difficulties and made indelible contributions to the progress of mankind. It can be seen that persistence can make people achieve career and academic success. ?
Those losers often give up their efforts at the last minute and miss success. I remember that a chemist in Sweden seemed to find a new element when extracting iodine from seawater, but he flinched in the face of this complicated extraction and experiment. When another chemist spent a year, after numerous experiments, and finally added a new member to the element family-bromine, and lived forever, the Swedish chemist could only
Silently watching each other immersed in the joy of victory. Two chemists, one of whom persevered and won; The other one didn't hold on and didn't succeed. It can be seen that persistence is the last obstacle to victory. In the darkest moment, that is, the moment when the light comes, the more at such a moment. The more you need to persist. Because persistence is victory. ? (Li Sheng)
Step 2 argue
Argument is evidence to prove the correctness of argument. To prove the correctness of the argument, first of all, the argument must make people feel authentic and can fully prove the argument. Secondly, the argument should be typical, which can achieve the effect of "taking one as ten". Third, the arguments should be novel, and try to find some fresh arguments that can give people new feelings and enlightenment. ?
For example, the positive and negative examples of Dickens, Edison and Swedish chemists quoted in the article Persistence is Victory are all arguments used to prove the argument, which are both typical and credible. ?
3. Demonstration process?
The process of argumentation refers to the process of explaining and proving the correctness of an argument with evidence. It requires profound and thorough exposition and pays attention to the art of reasoning. Taking the exercise "Persistence is Victory" as an example, this composition uses two typical examples: the stories of Dickens, Edison and Swedish chemists, which proves the view that persistence is victory from two aspects of the text, and this process is the process of argumentation.
Deductive argument?
Deductive argument is an argument method to infer the essential characteristics of individual things from known general principles and laws. If the inductive argument method is from special to general, then the deductive argument method is from general to special. The application of deductive argument requires that the major premise and minor premise must be true, correct and consistent, and the reasoning is logical, otherwise mistakes will occur. For example, the exercise "Persistence is victory" adopts the method of deductive argument. The major premise is that persistence is victory, and the minor premise is that Dickens and Edison persisted, so they won, and the conclusion naturally came out.
In addition, there are many ways to demonstrate, such as using ancient times to discuss the present, using numbers, parallelism and description. The more methods we master, the deeper and more convincing our reasoning will be, and the more convincing our logical power will be, which can be gradually mastered in the learning process.