Environment In view of the problems existing in technological innovation of central enterprises in China, the government should increase the fiscal and tax incentives for technological innovation of enterprises, formulate corresponding credit policies, encourage and guide enterprises to independently increase investment in technological innovation, establish and improve the venture capital mechanism, and promote the industrialization of scientific and technological achievements. In recent years, the state has taken a series of measures to adjust and optimize the industrial structure, and the economic operation and efficiency of state-owned enterprises, including central enterprises, have generally improved. It is necessary to further increase the extraction and input of safety expenses, improve safety infrastructure and basic conditions, and enhance the ability of scientific and technological innovation. To strengthen the dominant position of enterprise technology development, we must take effective measures, implement the relevant preferential policies of the state, establish and improve the incentive mechanism of enterprise technology innovation, encourage enterprises to increase investment in science and technology, and accelerate the construction of a technology innovation system with enterprises as the main body.
5.3 Central enterprises should play an exemplary role in the scientific and technological progress of safety production.
Establish an independent innovation mechanism for central enterprises and cultivate a number of large enterprises with strong technological innovation capabilities and good benefits. In the current process of economic restructuring and state-owned enterprise reform, it is necessary to establish the dominant position of enterprise's technological innovation, make enterprises become investors, stakeholders, risk subjects, R&D subjects and decision makers of technological innovation, gradually establish a technological innovation operation mechanism of "enterprise initiative, government promotion and linkage of scientific and technological service systems", and form a number of large enterprises and enterprise groups with strong independent technological innovation capabilities and good market benefits. Central enterprises should promptly eliminate backward equipment and technologies that endanger safety, take the lead in adopting new technologies, new processes, new equipment and new materials with reliable safety performance, and rely on large companies and groups to explore the establishment of an integrated scientific and technological innovation base for safety production in Industry-University-Research.
5.4 Further deepen the reform of the science and technology system, and accelerate taking enterprises as the main body.
China has actively explored the establishment of a long-term mechanism for safe production, and formulated policies and measures such as safety cost extraction and safety technology transformation, which provided policy support for improving the safety technology innovation ability of central enterprises. According to the second national basic unit survey, among the more than 0/000 scientific research industry units in China, 3,000 are enterprise units, accounting for 33%, and the proportion of enterprises is not high. It shows that in addition to state-owned basic and public welfare scientific research institutions, there are also some scientific and technological institutions that are outside the market.
The author believes that it is necessary to further deepen the reform of the scientific and technological system, at the same time ensure the strengthening of basic research, and promote more scientific research institutions to enter enterprises or unite with enterprises. For some industrial technologies and key technologies, the state should introduce them uniformly, then organize production, learning and research to digest and absorb them together, and finally transfer them to enterprises.
Realize the "five innovations" of central enterprises' ideology, system and mechanism, methods and approaches, science and technology and safety culture. Carry out scientific research on technical problems that need to be solved urgently in safety production in important industrial fields, promote the transformation of major safety scientific and technological achievements, and establish safety scientific and technological demonstration projects. Scientific and technological achievements that can obviously improve the safety production situation and have great economic and social benefits will be promoted in various forms, such as holding promotion meetings, exhibition of achievements, and publishing information on scientific and technological achievements.