Criminal psychology in a broad sense includes criminal psychology in a narrow sense. What does criminal psychology study? This is essentially the problem of the research object of criminal psychology. According to criminal psychology, there are narrow sense and broad sense, and the research objects of criminal psychology also have narrow sense and broad sense.
The research object of criminal psychology in a narrow sense is the psychology and behavior of criminals, that is, criminal psychology and crime are its research objects. The psychology of the criminal subject includes its psychological process and personality psychology, the causes and process of the formation of criminal psychological structure, the mechanism of externalization of criminal psychology into criminal behavior, psychological activities in the process of crime, the law of the development and change of criminal psychology, and how to influence and educate the criminal psychological structure. Simply put, it is only to study the personality defects and related psychological problems of criminals.
The research objects of criminal psychology in a broad sense include not only the research objects of criminal psychology in a narrow sense, but also the psychological problems in criminal countermeasures such as preventing crime, punishing crime and educating and reforming criminals. It also includes the psychology of people with criminal tendencies (that is, people who have not committed criminal acts) and the psychology of released prisoners; It also includes victim psychology, witness psychology, investigation psychology, interrogation psychology, trial psychology and criminal psychology prediction. Simply put, criminal psychology in a broad sense not only studies the psychology and behavior of criminals, but also studies the psychological part of countermeasures against crimes, which is considered to be the relevant content of judicial psychology.
The research scope of criminal psychology in a broad sense is quite wide, which can be determined from two aspects: (1) whose psychology and behavior are the research objects. Specifically, people's psychology and behavior are as follows: ① criminals are the main objects of criminal psychology research; (2) A common offender refers to a person who violates the criminal law, but the circumstances are obviously minor and the harm is not great, and is not considered as a criminal act or a violation of public security laws and regulations, and is dealt with by the public security department; (3) released prisoners and reeducation-through-labor personnel; (4) Exposing and punishing criminals mainly refers to the personnel of the public security and judicial departments. The purpose of this study is to improve the quality of handling cases; ⑤ The psychological quality of correctional officers and prison staff directly affects the effect of criminal psychological correction. (2) What topics to study. The research topics of criminal psychology (in a broad sense) are very extensive, mainly including: criminal psychological structure, the causes of criminal psychological structure, the mechanism of criminal psychological formation and criminal behavior, the development and changes of criminal psychological structure, the psychological characteristics and behavioral characteristics of different types of criminals, and the psychological problems of criminal countermeasures (such as psychological prevention of individual crimes, criminal investigation psychology and interrogation, trial psychology and criminal correction) and other related topics.
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