The basic way to choose a topic is to find problems from reading and discussion, break through the "blank" and "vacancy" of the subject, generate new ideas at the "intersection" of multiple disciplines, and grasp the development prospect of the subject. ?
The methods of selecting topics include drawing materials, imagination verification, inspiration, social investigation, retrospective, comparison, synthesis, transplantation, doubt, empathy, analogy transplantation and so on. The topic of the paper comes from the contradiction between practice and theory, and the new problems raised in practice are difficult to be solved by the original theory, which constitutes the topic. Therefore, active participation in social practice and in-depth investigation and research are the basic ways to select the topic of the paper.
For example, On Modern Understanding of Time and Space is a successful example of sublating the achievements of predecessors. This paper investigates the time and space views of Newton, Einstein and Marxism, and introduces the time and space views of modern physics and cosmology into the field of philosophy. It holds that time and space depend on the distribution and motion state of matter, which is the scale of extensiveness and persistence of things. The essential attribute of time and space is that it constitutes a non-linear, single four-dimensional continuous region, which is objectively organically integrated and mutually restricted, and is the inheritance and innovation of previous theoretical achievements on time and space.
The basic method of choosing a topic;
Problems found in reading discussion: Zhu Zeng, a famous scholar in the Song Dynasty, pointed out: "If you have doubts about reading, you can't help but take it for granted. People who don't make arguments just can't understand doubts! " In scientific research achievements, we often find words such as "under certain conditions", "to a certain extent", "within a certain range", "with such connection" and "in various forms".
Before choosing a topic, you should read the relevant literature extensively within the scope you are familiar with or interested in, analyze the existing research results, broaden your mind and broaden your horizons. Professor Zhang Shiying once said with deep understanding: "In the process of selecting a topic, you should read a lot of materials, turn around and think about it, and the topic center will be almost brewed." This is from experience. Reading, understanding information and thinking about topics are good ways to cultivate graduate students' independent scientific research ability.
Mr. Wang Li also advocates cultivating the ability to choose topics through reading. He said: "Asking questions is the first step to solve problems. How can you solve the problem if you can't even ask it? First of all, we should pay attention to which problems have not been solved ... We should be good at finding problems and asking questions. Some people have read a lot of books, and there is nothing wrong with them. That's not good, it's like reading in vain. "