Photon (also called optical quantum) is a particle J with zero rest mass and zero energy and momentum. Its energy expression is E=hυ(υ is frequency and h is Planck constant), and its momentum expression is p = e/c (c is the speed of light). (2) It shows that the experimental basis of photon theory is a. blackbody radiation; B. photoelectric effect; Compton effect. According to these experiments, the photon theory is put forward, that is, the emission and absorption of electromagnetic radiation are discontinuous, and they are carried out one by one. Each energy is called an energy quantum (or photon). Light propagating in space (that is, electromagnetic radiation) is also composed of photons. The energy e of each photon is proportional to its frequency, that is, E=hυ, and the proportionality constant is a universal constant called Planck constant (or Planck constant). Since υ=c/λ(λ is the wavelength), the momentum of photons is p = e/c = h υ/c = h/λ. The speed of light is the propagation speed of photon motion, and the most classical theory about the generation of light is the theory of atomic energy transition emitting photons. The theory holds that after an atom gains energy from an energy field or is hit by an energy substance, its electronic energy level (orbit) will jump from a low energy level (orbit) to a high energy level (orbit) and absorb energy. Similarly, when its electrons jump from high energy level to low energy level due to excitation, they will emit photons to release energy. Light is a high-energy "light matter-photon" radiated by atoms when they jump from high-energy level to low-energy level. For example: "When an atom transitions from a high-energy steady state to a low-energy steady state, it will emit a photon in the form of light, while when it transitions from a low-energy steady state to a high-energy steady state, it will absorb a photon with a certain energy, and the energy of the emitted and absorbed photon is HV = em-en ..." There are a lot of calculation formulas to prove the energy exchange phenomenon of atoms in the process of luminescence. It is considered that the luminescence principle can be explained more satisfactorily. However, the elves always feel that the truth of this transition seems to be unfinished: * energy transition is the change of electron orbit, isn't it? It is because atoms absorb energy (note that it is not an absorbing substance), which makes electrons jump from orbits far away from the nucleus to orbits closer to the nucleus. Such a state change is not an increase in matter, but an increase in energy. It is the increase of material energy that causes the change of material structure. However, why is it that when such a process is reversed, that is, when electrons jump from a high energy level to a low energy level, in addition to the orbital reduction, photons, a "light substance", are radiated instead of the previously increased energy? In this way, did the original atom become the original atom because of "missing" and "light matter"? Moreover, photons are constantly emitted, so how can luminous objects such as electric lights continue to exist intact? If the phenomenon of electricity to luminescence is that electrons become photons, that is to say, electrons are converted into photons when they flow through luminescent substances. Then, the electrons in the power supply material will inevitably be lost. Then, the power supply is like a generator. Where are the missing electrons in copper wires replenished? How to explain the existing generator? As we all know, light is an electromagnetic wave. How does the radiation of the above photons reflect the nature of the wave? Should the frequency of light be the flight speed of photons or the spin speed of photons? Or the frequency of jumping back and forth? What is the speed of the reacquirer for the "wave" formed in the process of multiphoton motion? Perhaps we can only resort to the artificial ingenious idea of "functional statistics" or "statistical function". But what about this "function statistics" or "statistical function"? Does it truly reflect, or is it the reality of material movement? The mystery may not be understood by ordinary people like elves. * Orbital transition should be the result of the simultaneous increase of atomic nucleus and electron energy. In other words, it should be an overall increase in atomic energy. The orbit of the electron has changed, which is the result of energy, which is understandable. And the corresponding nucleus? What is it when its energy increases? Is it the increase of matter or the increase of speed? We didn't find the increase of matter, but we can confirm the acceleration of rotation. ) Electron orbital transition is a proven phenomenon in luminescence mechanism. So, can we think that electric energy, electromagnetic energy, or other energy makes the electron orbit jump? Transition is a phenomenon that the electron orbit is close to the nucleus, the atomic volume is reduced, and the autobiographical speed of the nucleus is accelerated, thus accelerating the autobiographical speed of the atom. The acceleration of atomic autobiography is the acceleration of the periodic change of magnetic field around atoms, that is, the acceleration of frequency; If this accelerated frequency reaches the wavelength band of light. The energy of light is transmitted to our eyes through the rotation of matter. All right! In this way, isn't light produced? The energy nature of light, the pulse phenomenon of light, the frequency of light, the wavelength of light, the energy conversion of light, the material motion form of light, the wave-particle duality of light and so on have all been solved one by one. In this way, the internal energy conversion relationship between magnetism, electricity and light (electromagnetic wave) is unclear? Just because of the rotation. The existing wave theory and particle theory of light just ignore "rotation", the most common and basic form of motion. The rotation factor is not included in the explanation of the two-phase properties of light. Yes, what a happy ending. But don't be too happy. This result is only based on the inference that the motion of atoms is caused by magnetic lines (energy) passing through the nuclear axis. It is based on the inference that the motion of magnetic field energy is composed of vertical vector and horizontal vector of magnetic field lines. Although, the elves think that such reasoning is likely to be confirmed by experiments. Because it almost explains the elves' confusion about light. However, this is reasoning after all. The key is to reveal the rotation mechanism of matter atoms and matter.