The original text and translation of the second chapter of Mencius
Original text:
Wealth cannot be lewd.
Jingchun said, "Are Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yi dishonest people? Anger is the fear of the princes, and peace is the destruction of the world. "
Mencius said, "A gentleman is a gentleman. Haven't you learned manners? The husband's crown is also the father's life; When the woman got married, she was ordered by her mother to deliver it to her door, saying,' When you go to your daughter's house, you must respect it and not disobey your master!' He who takes obedience as the right path is also a concubine.
Live in a vast place in the world, stand in the right position in the world and be the best self in the world. Success, with the people; Go your own way when you are frustrated. Wealth can't be lewd, poverty can't be moved, and power can't be bent. This is called a gentleman. "
Translation:
Jingchun said, "Aren't Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yi real men? When angry, the princes will be afraid; Quiet down and the world will be safe. "
Mencius said, "How can this be called a gentleman?" Haven't you learned manners? When the man was crowned, his father gave discipline; When the woman got married, her mother gave her instructions, sent her to the door, and warned her:' When you come to your husband's house, you must be respectful. "You must be careful not to go against your husband!" Obedience is the principle of being a concubine.
As for a gentleman, he should live in the widest house in the world, stand in the most correct position in the world and walk on the brightest road in the world. When you succeed, you will advance with the people; When you are frustrated, you stick to your principles alone. Wealth can't make me arrogant and extravagant, poverty can't make me change my moral integrity, and power can't make me succumb to my will. This is called a gentleman! "
Extended data:
Creative background:
During the Warring States period, the world was in chaos. During this period, the vassal States, namely Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao, Wei and Qin, attacked each other and wars continued. The monarch appoints people who are utilitarian, good at fighting, or like to have sex, such as Shang Yang, Sun Bin, Pang Juan, Su Qin and Zhang Yi.
At that time, intellectuals, the so-called "strategists", all wanted to be opportunistic, be reused in a vassal state, and be promoted to a higher position. "A hundred schools of thought contend" in the ideological field is comparable to political chaos. The so-called contention of a hundred schools of thought was formed at this time.
At this time, Yang Zhu and Mo Zhai's words were particularly popular. Confucius' theory of benevolence and righteousness is at the turn of eternity and in crisis. Mencius had a sense of crisis at this time, so he stepped forward and took it as his duty to inherit Confucius' thought and launched a debate with other schools at that time.
Mencius disagreed with Jing Chun's point of view, and his rebuttal was divided into two levels:
The first layer: "How can I become a gentleman?" To "The Way of Concubine?" Refuting Jing Chun's point of view, I think that what Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yi did was just a way to cater to the Lord, not a gentleman. Disdain, contempt, contempt in tone.
The second layer: from "widely living in the world" to "this is a gentleman", what is a gentleman is put forward positively. The passionate tone shocked the audience.
Mencius was born in Zou, Shandong and Han nationality. According to legend, he is a descendant of Qingfu, the son of Lu Mingmen. His father's name is Ji and his mother's name is Jie. Mencius was a great thinker, educator and representative of Confucianism during the Warring States Period. Also known as "Confucius and Mencius" with Confucius.
Wealth cannot be lewd. Original text and translation
Wealth cannot be lewd. Original text and translation
Every sentence of Mencius' famous saying about "gentleman" shines with the power of thought and personality, which inspires many people with lofty ideals in history and becomes their motto of not fearing power and upholding justice. The following is the original text and translation I compiled. I hope everyone will read it carefully!
The original text of "Wealth Can't Be Prostituted"
The husband's crown is also the father's life; When the woman got married, she was sent to the door by her mother, and was warned:' When you go to your daughter's house, you must be respectful and restrained, without violating your master's intention!' He who takes obedience as the right path is also a concubine. Live in a vast place in the world, stand in the right position in the world and be the best self in the world. Let the people do it if they succeed, and go their own way if they fail. Wealth can't be lewd, poverty can't be moved, and power can't be bent. This is called a gentleman. "
Wealth cannot be prostituted.
When the man was crowned, his father gave discipline; When the woman got married, her mother gave her instructions, sent her to the door, and warned her: "When you get to your husband's house, you must be respectful. Be careful not to go against your husband! " Obedience is the principle of being a concubine. As for a gentleman, you should live in the widest house in the world, stand in the most correct position in the world and take the brightest road in the world. When you succeed, you will advance with the people; When you are frustrated, you stick to your principles alone. If you have money, you can't be fooled into doing excessive things. Poverty can't make you change your moral integrity, and coercion can't make you succumb to your will. This is called a gentleman! "
A Brief Introduction to Wealth Can't Prostitute
"Richness cannot be lewd" comes from the second chapter of Mencius' Teng Wengong, in which Mencius refutes Jing Chun's false remarks about gentlemen. We can regard it as a refuting paper.
Mencius mentioned these famous three sentences when he talked with the militarist disciple Jing Chun about "what is a gentleman". In Mencius' view, the real "gentleman" should not be based on the level of power, but should be able to stabilize the "moral anchor" in his heart. In the face of different life situations such as wealth, poverty and power, he can adhere to the principle of "benevolence, righteousness and propriety" and advance and retreat with Tao.
Every sentence of Mencius' famous saying about "gentleman" shines with the power of thought and personality, which inspires many people with lofty ideals in history and becomes their motto of not fearing power and upholding justice. Until today, when we read this book, it seems that we can still hear his golden voice.
Wealth appreciation can't be prostitution.
The content of "wealth can't be lewd" is Mencius' refutation of Jing Chun's wrong remarks about gentlemen. Let's first look at the "target" refuted by the article, which is Jing Chun's point of view.
Jingchun thinks that Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yi are courageous people. To this end, he asked Mencius: "Are Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yi courageous people?" Aren't Gongsun Yan and Yi Cheung real men? The implication is that Gongsun Yan and Yi Cheung are sincere to their husbands. Jing Chun put forward this view on the basis that Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yi can influence the governors, "Anger makes the governors fear, and harmony makes the world perish". Anger leads to fear of governors, while silence leads to peace in the world. They are dignified and powerful and can control the current situation.
In view of Jing Chun's "debate" and "debate", Mencius first broke before standing, first refuted Jing Chun's wrong views, and then expounded what a real gentleman was.
Let's see how Mencius refuted it.
First of all, Mencius used a rhetorical question in a tit-for-tat way: "How can you be a gentleman?" How can this be called a gentleman? Give a direct denial to Jing Chun's point of view.
Secondly, Mencius made an analysis and answered why "Gongsun Yan, Zhang Yi and others" can't be called courageous people.
Mencius did not directly point out the reason, but compared their behavior and made a "figurative argument". His analysis is implicit, humorous and full of irony. Mencius began to talk about "ceremony", "the crown of the husband is also the life of the father; When the woman got married, she was sent to the door by her mother, and was warned:' When you go to your daughter's house, you must be respectful and restrained, without violating your master's intention!' Mencius said that when a person is an adult, his father teaches him; When the woman got married, her mother gave her instructions and sent her to the door, warning her: "When you get to your husband's house, you must be respectful and careful, and don't be an enemy of your husband!" "
Mencius compared the behaviors of Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yi through this narrative. Although Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yi are three countries and six countries, they will rule the world by force, but they will also unconditionally obey the strength of a country. All their actions are fundamentally determined by the interests of the King of Qin and Wang Wei. Their so-called "gentleman's behavior" is actually an unprincipled "way of doing things". This is exactly the same as the "mother" teaching that "when you go to your daughter's house, you must respect it and never disobey your master."
Thirdly, it is concluded that what Gongsun Yan and others do is "taking obedience as righteousness" and "being a concubine", not "being a man". Mencius believed that Gongsun Yan, Zhang Yi and others relied on verbal words, obeyed the governors, ignored the principles of benevolence, righteousness and morality, and only "took obedience as the right". What they have done is only the way of villains and concubines, not the way of gentlemen.
In this way, Mencius pointed out through analysis that the arguments provided by Jing Chun could not prove that Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yizhi were brave men, thus completing the first stage of refutation. What needs to be added is that Mencius' The Way of Concubine is not to criticize, deny or belittle all women.
According to Confucianism, the principle of obedience is based on justice. If the monarch and the minister are unjust, the minister should remonstrate, and if the husband is wrong, the wife should also persuade him to correct it, that is, to be "harmonious but different." Only eunuchs, concubines and handmaids are people who don't ask right and wrong and follow the principle of obedience. In fact, Mencius compared Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yizhi to unprincipled "eunuchs, concubines and handmaids".
After the criticism, Mencius went on to explain what a real gentleman is. Mencius' conclusion is that "wealth can't be lewd, poverty can't be moved, and power can't be bent, which is called a gentleman". The lure of wealth and status can't change his mind, poverty can't change his integrity, and power and power can't yield to his ambition. Such a person is a gentleman! How can I become a gentleman? Mencius made two analyses.
First, "born in the world, stand in the world, and walk in the world" is still advocated by Confucianism. Zhu interpreted "Guangju", "Zheng Zhi" and "Avenue" as "benevolence", "courtesy" and "righteousness" in turn. To be a gentleman, you must first be a benevolent person. He should have a broad mind with the world as his home, a great feeling of being close to the world, and live in the world's largest residence-"Ren".
Secondly, if he is a polite person, he should have a social ideal and consciousness that stands upright for the world.
Third, he is a just man who "travels on the main road for the public". Second, "get your ambition, go with the times, get your ambition and go your own way." When the time is right, realize your ambition and realize it with the people; When times are unfavorable and you can't realize your ambition, you can practice your own truth alone. This is the same as another famous saying of Mencius, "If you are poor, you will be immune to it, and if you succeed, you will help the world."
What they mean is that a gentleman should always think about "self-cultivation, governing the country and leveling the world" and let you be an official. You should keep in mind the purpose of "Avenue"; Don't be an official, but also remember the purpose of "Avenue". In Mencius' view, if we do two things well: "live in the world, stand in the position in the world, and do the best in the world" and "fulfill one's ambition, follow one's will, fail one's ambition, and follow one's way", we can become people who can't be lewd, poor and humble, and powerful and unyielding.
In view of Jingchun's point of view, Mencius broke first and then stood up, pointing out that what Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yizhi did was just "the way of concubine", not a gentleman. The real gentleman was a person who "can't be slutty with wealth, can't move with poverty, and can't bend with poverty".
Wealth cannot _ original text and translation
The following is the original text and its translation.
Jing Chun said: Aren't Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yi loyal men? In a rage, the governors are all afraid and the world is destroyed. Mencius said: How can you be a gentleman? I haven't learned manners. The husband's crown is also the father's life, and the woman's marriage is also the mother's life. When you arrive at the door, you will be warned: you must respect, don't go to your daughter's house, and there is no violation of your master. He who takes obedience as the right path is also a concubine. Live in a vast place in the world, stand in the right position in the world and be the best self in the world. Let the people do it if they succeed, and go their own way if they fail. Wealth can't be lewd, poverty can't be moved, and power can't be bent. This is called a gentleman.
Jing Chun said: Aren't Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yi really ambitious and accomplished men? When they were angry, the governors were afraid. When they are quiet, the world will be peaceful. Mencius said: how can this be regarded as an ambitious and accomplished person? You haven't learned manners. When a man is crowned, his father will discipline him. When a woman gets married, her mother disciplines her and sends her to the door, warning her: When you get to her husband's house, you must be respectful, be careful and don't disobey her husband. It's a woman's way to take obedience as a criterion. Live in the widest house in the world, stand in the most correct position in the world, walk on the widest road in the world, follow the people on the right path when they can realize their ideals, and go their own way when they can't. Wealth cannot confuse his thoughts, poverty cannot shake his integrity, and power cannot bend his will. This is an ambitious and accomplished man.
The content of "wealth can't be lewd" is Mencius' refutation of Jing Chun's wrong remarks about gentlemen. And guide the tower how to establish correct values.
Full-text translation of Wealth Can't Prostitute
First, the full text of "Richness Can't Be Prostituted" is translated as follows:
Jingchun said, "Aren't Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yi really ambitious and accomplished men? When they were angry, the princes were afraid. When they are quiet, the world will be peaceful. "
Mencius said, "How can this be regarded as an ambitious and accomplished person?" Haven't you learned manners? When the man was crowned, his father punished him; When a woman gets married, her mother exhorts her and walks her to the door, warning her:' When you get to your husband's house, you must be respectful and careful, and don't disobey your husband!' Obedience is a woman's way. Living in the widest house in the world, standing in the most correct position in the world and walking on the widest road in the world; When you can realize your ideals, follow the people on the right path; When you can't realize your ideal, you can go your own way alone. Wealth cannot confuse his thoughts, poverty cannot shake his integrity, and power cannot bend his will. This is an ambitious and accomplished man. "
Second, the original text of "wealth can't be obscene" is as follows:
Jingchun said, "Aren't Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yi loyal men? Anger is the fear of the princes, and peace is the destruction of the world. "
Mencius said, "A gentleman is a gentleman. Haven't you learned manners? The husband's crown is also the father's life; When the woman got married, she was sent to the door by her mother, and was warned:' When you go to your daughter's house, you must be respectful and restrained, without violating your master's intention!' He who takes obedience as the right path is also a concubine. Live in a vast place in the world, stand in the right position in the world and be the best self in the world. Success, with the people; Go your own way when you are frustrated. Wealth can't be lewd, poverty can't be moved, and power can't be bent. This is called a gentleman. "
Extended data:
Teng Wengong, Mencius, said, "Wealth cannot be lewd, poverty cannot be moved, and powerful people cannot be bent. This is called a gentleman. "
An example of "wealth can't prostitution";
Wealth cannot be lewd: After Wen Tianxiang was defeated and captured, he refused to be generous to senior officials, wrote poems and expressed his will, and died generously.
Poor people can't move: during the Warring States period, there was a famine in Qi, and a poor man would rather die than eat the food he could get.
Awesome and unyielding: Wen Yiduo was furious with the Kuomintang pistol and would rather die than surrender.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-"Wealth Can't Prostitute"
Wealth cannot be lewd.
Classical Chinese is an article composed of written Chinese language in ancient China, which was used by Han people before the May 4th Movement. It mainly includes written language based on spoken language in pre-Qin period. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, bamboo slips, silk books and other things were used to record characters. The following is the classical Chinese translation of the full text of Fugui compiled by me, for reference only. Welcome to reading.
original text
Jingchun said, "Aren't Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yi loyal men? Anger is the fear of the princes, and peace is the destruction of the world. " Mencius said, "A gentleman is a gentleman. Haven't you learned manners? The husband's crown is also the father's life; When a woman gets married, she is ordered by her mother to deliver it to her door, saying,' Don't go against the Lord when you go to your daughter's house!' He who takes obedience as the right path is also a concubine. Live in a vast place in the world, stand in the right position in the world and be the best self in the world. Success, with the people; Go your own way when you are frustrated. Wealth can't be lewd, poverty can't be moved, and power can't be bent. This is called a gentleman. "
translate
Jingchun said, "Aren't Gongsun Yan and Zhang Yi real men? When angry, the princes will be afraid; Quiet down and the world will be safe. "
Mencius said, "How can this be called a gentleman?" Haven't you learned manners? When the man was crowned, his father gave discipline; When the woman got married, her mother gave her instructions and sent her to the door, warning her:' When you arrive at your husband's house, you must be respectful. "Be careful not to go against your husband!" Obedience is the principle of being a concubine. As for a gentleman, he should live in the widest house in the world, stand in the most correct position in the world and walk on the brightest road in the world. When you succeed, you will advance with the people; When you are frustrated, you stick to your principles alone. Wealth can't make me arrogant and extravagant, poverty can't make me change my moral integrity, and power can't make me succumb to my will. This is called a gentleman! "
Wealth can't be lewd, poverty can't be moved, and power can't be bent. It's called appreciating men.
"If you are poor, you can't move." The more popular expression should be "If you are poor, you can't give up." What can't you give up? It is ideal, morality and all the principles of being a man; This is the spiritual sustenance of the poor for many years, and it is also a "flood dam" built by the poor for their own morality for many years. The so-called "flood control dam" means that if there is no such dam, people can't help being caught in the torrent.
The real meaning of "being poor can't move" is to warn the poor that they can move easily, just as "being rich can't be lewd" is actually a bad habit of lewdness. Being poor can easily make people regard poverty as an irreplaceable reason and give up their ideals, morality and all principles of being a man. Almost all negative images in society come from poverty. "Miss" can give up character for money, beggars can give up dignity for money, and fugitives can give up human evolution for money. Almost all of them are poor and can't resist the impact of poverty and give up. Their behavior just confirms an old saying: people have no ambition and horses have no fine hair. However, more poor people have not given up. Their firm belief is that "people are poor and ambitious." Throughout the ages, the stories of great men are almost the stories of poor people. What they have proved is that poverty is not an inevitable prerequisite for giving up.
But these two kinds of people only proved half, confusing the other half: poverty and meanness seem to be the same thing, but they are not the same concept. Poverty must be the premise of meanness, but meanness is not necessarily the result of poverty.
Poverty is the upper part and the lower part. Shell is an ancient currency, and the shell should be separated. Of course, it is the lack of property that leads to poverty. Poverty is a state of being relative to wealth. Zhimin once wrote Immortal Poverty, and he understood poverty as a kind of spiritual wealth.
Cheap, relative to expensive, is not the state of life but the taste of life; The original meaning of meanness is "low price", which can also be understood as low status and despicable personality; By extension, it is base bone and face. There used to be a vulgar swear word called "base baby", which is enough to show how disgusting "base" is. Why is "Miss" called a chicken instead of a phoenix? Because chicken is worthless, cheap and cheap is the personality of this group of people.
A person can be poor but not cheap, but poverty is likely to be a cheap mother. Because you are poor, you are cheap, because you are cheap, you move, because you move, you are not poor, and because you are not poor, you are even cheaper. This series of causality, like a powerful magnet, attracts all the poor people into its magic circle, and there are indeed many poor people trapped, so there is one kind of poor people that makes us awe-inspiring, that is, steadfast people.