The composition of the senior high school entrance examination covers everything. Such as: childhood memories of childhood trifles, the silhouette of youth, I can't forget him (her) in the flower season, unforgettable moments: remembering a flag-raising activity, stepping into the future of self-improvement, realizing that I live in the collective arms, my hometown has changed, sketching the world, remembering an ordinary person, loving my mother and so on.

Generally speaking, the proposition composition of senior high school entrance examination has its design and expression rules:

First, the content involved in most articles is fully close to students' life; Second, there are much more big and wide questions than small and narrow questions, which is convenient for candidates to choose materials freely; Thirdly, narrative topics are much more than expository and argumentative topics; Fourth, the number of propositional compositions still occupies the mainstream position.

Knowing these rules, then, what rules need to be followed in the actual test-taking practice? There are four main points here.

1. When reviewing the questions, look forward and backward, and don't miss a word.

For the topic, we should understand and study it repeatedly from beginning to end, and we can't ignore one place. The contents of the review include:

(1) The topic is big, small, wide, narrow, virtual, real, explicit and implicit. (2) Whether there is any text in the title to express the theme. (3) Whether there are language symbols pointing to the key points in the title. (4) Punctuation or other symbols in the title and their meanings. ⑤ Are there subtitles? What's the function? ⑥ Various writing requirements and restrictions. ⑦ Can you taste some hidden information from the language materials outside the topic?

When writing, we should firmly grasp the information obtained from the examination, closely follow the topics and requirements step by step.

In addition, in the process of specific exams, don't take these topics lightly.

The first, seemingly simple topic.

For example, the topic "I grew up" is a broad composition topic for the senior high school entrance examination, and no one will have any difficulty in selecting materials. It seems really shallow, but in fact, the key to this topic lies in the understanding of growth. If you think that the meaning of growth is only physiological and physical changes, or if you have learned some life skills, you can take care of yourself, become braver, or be able to deal with bullying from others, etc. Then this kind of understanding is very superficial, and the articles written will not be graded in material selection and conception. If it makes sense to write out the pursuit, yearning, worry and confusion of junior high school students in their prime of life from different angles, and write out all kinds of sense of responsibility in their hearts, then such thinking is to accurately grasp the meaning of the topic.

The second, seemingly familiar topic.

For example, the essay "Beauty after School" is a very wide topic. There are also many materials available. In fact, there is a puzzle in this topic, and this puzzle lies in that beautiful word. If you don't pay attention, you will ignore the reading of American literature because you feel that this topic is familiar. If you don't grasp this beautiful word, you will write it vividly, interestingly, lively and so on, and don't highlight this beautiful word.

Third, a seemingly vivid topic.

For example, the title "The scenery here is unique" is also a very wide topic. The title seems very vivid, but it is far from literal understanding. It can be realistic, such as writing about the scenery, characteristics and changes of a place, but it is more important to write about the development, characteristics and progress of the times of this place. Thinking from another angle, it can write not only places, but also people, things and so on.

Fourth, seemingly intuitive topics.

For example, the topic of "gift" seems to know what it is at a glance. But in specific writing, it may actually refer to something, and more may refer to something as beautiful as a gift. Using metaphors to write articles has broader ideas and richer emotions. Remember, no matter how complicated the form of the proposition composition is, you should always keep your eyes on its topic. Don't get excited in front of familiar topics, don't think it's an original topic you have done; Don't be nervous in front of unfamiliar topics, and don't think that there is no shadow of it in your mind.

2. In the conception of painting materials, we should take the small from the big and see the big from the small.

Let's take a look at the following composition questions for the senior high school entrance examination: the story of learning Chinese, my mother's love, I live in the collective arms, and he is right. Students, you can't do this. In the face of mistakes and setbacks, talk about our classroom teaching, in the rain, when the five-star red flag rises, and so on. They * * * have the same feature that it seems that they just draw a framework with materials and ideas, and we need to choose what we are most familiar with to embody it.

For some of these problems, we should make them concrete: first, narrow down the wide questions. The so-called wide topic is a topic that can contain many themes and many materials from the content. Because of its width, writing a composition seems to use a lot of materials, so we must choose the right materials and condense the content of the composition to a point to narrow the scope, so as to write smoothly. For example, the association of matches is a very wide topic, which can remind you of many things, many people and many phenomena. But this rich association can only be in the process of conception, and an association point must be decided from this rich association in order to start writing in the examination room.

Second, make the big questions smaller.

The so-called big problem is actually a wide problem. In a sense, the themes of some topics are straightforward and pursue certain significance. If the topic is "changed", from the perspective of this change, you are required to show some meaning in the text.

For such a problem, we can make it smaller by limiting it. For example, we can add restrictive language to the topic, such as: light light blue has changed, our family has changed; You can also add a subtitle to the title, such as "changed-from a small incident, the style of our class changed-he returned to our class." After such treatment, you can start to get pregnant.

Let's take a look at the following common essay questions for the senior high school entrance examination:

One day, I remembered a small setback I suffered, small things at home, a Chinese class I liked, biographies of my teachers and ordinary people, and some things that made me think deeply. These topics have specific requirements for content, and the selection of materials is relatively easy.

For such a topic, what we should do is to see the big picture from the small. See the big from the small, the most important thing is to choose a point, that is to say, choose a point that allows you to narrate and discuss well, and then start writing from this point.

3. Conceptually speaking, it is necessary to extend it a little and spread it more.

Or a little stretching, or more spreading, can be said to be the general strategy of composition conception for senior high school entrance examination. A little stretching means that only one content in an article is well written, detailed and complete, and more spreading means that more content is written in the article and organically combined.

Look at the direction of the composition questions in the senior high school entrance examination:

Hometown has changed: using the combination of multiple pictures and examples to express change is multicast.

The story of my family: I can write the whole story, which is an extension of one point.

A letter to the class teacher: or talk about a point of view, or recall a few small things.

Nothing is difficult in the world: you can highlight the theme by remembering one thing, or you can prove your point with several examples.

Reading pleasure: coke is in one place, and it is fun; Coke has several places, when to enjoy it.

My peers: We must spread stories in various ways and write about the lives of several peers.

A lesson from a trivial matter: Be sure to do a little stretching, write things first, and then write the reasons.

On the basis of these two modes, by changing, designing the beginning and ending, and arranging the interpenetration of different expressions, the framework of proposition composition in examination room can be completely set and standardized.

4. In terms of expression, we should pay attention to stylistic features.

To express personal characteristics and pay attention to stylistic features means to fully and accurately express stylistic features, and to avoid the mistakes of writing the feeling of reading as a feeling of reading, interspersed with half a hometown discussion, and writing my self-improvement as a self-introduction.

Showing personality characteristics is to show candidates' skills in using language and writing. We should carefully choose words and sentences, carefully arrange articles, try our best to show our actual level from the aspects of tone, structure and theme, and even expect to play beyond the level, and strive to be innovative in the constant and surprise in the ordinary.

Semi-proposition composition

Problem type analysis

Semi-propositional composition is a propositional composition in which the content of the topic is limited, the students complete the topic according to the requirements, and then write. Its flexibility is between topic composition and proposition composition, which is both limited and open, and can truly reflect students' writing level. Throughout the national senior high school entrance examination in recent years, semi-propositional composition, as a traditional propositional form, is increasingly favored by people. Among the four common types of composition, semi-propositional composition can not be ignored, and it should also be the key content of our preparation practice. Here are some common propositional forms:

One is the front empty type. Such as "_ _ is my magic wand", "My seeds are planted in my heart", "Years of _ _", "Refresh my life" and so on.

The second type is the back empty type. Such as "because there is _ _", "missing" and "pursuing drift _ _".

The third type is hollow. This kind of question should be related to the context and decide the writing direction. Such as "A Day with Company", "Leave a copy for you", "Wonderful hidden in _ _" and so on.

The fourth type is "two empty" type. This proposition should be supplemented by certain associations and imaginations. For example, "because"

I am more ","painting _ _ _ _ "and so on.

Solution strategy

The key to semi-propositional composition writing lies in clever supplementary questions and careful conception. If the thinking is blocked, there is no innovation, and all propositions are done according to the same idea, it is easy to have the same topic phenomenon of "people who do it while talking" and "empty talk". How to turn a semi-proposition into a proposition that is conducive to one's own strengths can be said to be a skill and an art, so it is necessary to master the supplementary skills of semi-proposition composition in order to write with ease.

Step 1: Think carefully and fill in the blanks.

1. Understand and identify the meaning of the problem accurately.

To write a semi-propositional composition, the most important thing is to draw up a good topic. We should examine the questions carefully and understand the meaning of each word or sentence. For example, I read, from the analysis of sentence components, the object is obviously missing. Is it enough to add objects? No Also grasp the crucial keywords. If you grasp the key words, you will master the key to correctly understanding the meaning of the question. Some keywords in the topic are obvious, some are hidden, and some are even confusing and disturbing factors deliberately set by the proposer. "Reading" in the above example is the key word. Focus on the degree or process of "reading" and fill in the names of things that best reflect your special hobbies and you are addicted to them. For example, I read Four Great Classical Novels, I read Waves of Lancang River, I read Mother's Expecting Heart, and so on.

2. Start with the details and see the big picture from the small.

If the topic to be written is too big, it is often difficult to write. Take the essay "Be kind to _ _ _ _" as an example. Many candidates write "be kind to life", "be kind to others", "be kind to time" and "be kind to nature" in the style of prose ... Obviously, it is difficult to write a theme thoroughly in such a short space, let alone write their true feelings. In order to make the article have profound thoughts, it is best to write it in a small way, which can enrich the content and have a profound theme. If you choose a scene that most touches you in your life, an event that most impresses you, and a detail that most touches you, and express the most touching emotions with your unique emotional experience, such articles are more likely to get high marks. Therefore, supplementary questions should avoid similarities, and cut in from a small place in order to write concrete and vivid. For example, with the theme of "being kind to the earth", we can choose representative scenes, seize several real and shocking shots, pay attention to details and win, so that people can feel the horror of the destruction of the earth and the power of the ever-ringing alarm of nature, and dig out profound thoughts.

3. Poetic ideas, originality

In life, everyone will inadvertently miss something beautiful, precious and beneficial. It may be a good friend, a true feeling, a scenery, an object, a sincere persuasion, a rare opportunity, a polite thank you … and behind all these mistakes, there should be an unforgettable story with extraordinary significance. Please share your story and feelings with everyone. Please write a narrative of not less than 600 words on the topic "What did I miss".

In recent years, the proposition of poetry has gradually entered the composition of senior high school entrance examination, which has become a beautiful landscape, but it has also increased the difficulty of examination and conception. Candidates should explore the symbolic meaning, figurative meaning and extended meaning of poetry propositions to make the composition profound and implicit. As mentioned above, most candidates will fill in the following topics: a friendship, an opportunity, an apology, etc. Such supplementary questions are easy to conceive and write, but they all come from tips, causing similarities and no characteristics. We might as well expand our imagination, turn reality into nothingness and make up new ideas. Fill in the horizontal lines of the topics: a bright moon, a meter of sunshine, that season, the days when fragrant sleeves are full, and the days of jointing in dreams ... These titles are novel and vivid, poetic and interesting, which can stimulate readers' beautiful reverie.

Step 2: Clear your mind and generate new ideas.

It is not difficult to see that the intention of semi-propositional composition is often synchronized with the author's idea of supplementing questions. The level of the composition in the examination room determines the success or failure of the composition, and the success or failure of the composition depends on the author's usual life accumulation and the level of understanding and refining his thoughts. Let's talk about three requirements for the conception of semi-propositional composition;

1. Exactly. Accuracy is the premise. If you are not sure, you will lose everything. To be accurate, we must first understand the key words in the topic accurately: some people call them "the eye of the topic" and "the soul of the topic" Before making an idea, it is very important to grasp the existing modifying or restrictive words in the topic and accurately understand the meaning of the given words. At the same time, if there are quotations in the semi-propositional composition, incisive, beautiful, profound and emotional sentences are often used to guide the writing situation, or to explain, or to give examples, or to prompt, which often has the function of stimulating writing feelings and defining the scope of material selection.

2. novels. That is to say, to understand the existing concepts in the question, we should avoid the general level and take a new level allowed by the meaning of the question. For example, in the question of "Rejecting _ _ _ _", the general candidates add objects such as inferiority, weakness of Confucianism, mediocrity and self-isolation to form a verb-object phrase, and such articles all contain the color of self-examination and self-correction. However, some candidates can avoid this general pattern and tactfully invent unique topics, which are full of bright literary and philosophical colors, such as "refusing to play again", "refusing to grow up" and "refusing to end the day". While seeking novelty, supplementary topics should help us choose familiar, emotional and distinctive topics, so that we can write materials and express feelings.

3. profound. This does not mean pretending to be profound, but refers to the transition from appearance to essence and from sensibility to rationality. For example, the essay topic "How do I miss _ _", if you fill in "singing", the article will become superficial; If you make up "flying", it may be better than "singing", but it is also mediocre. In fact, the supplementary content can be real, virtual, near or far. As long as you use your imagination boldly, you can swim mountains and rivers and wander between piano, chess, calligraphy and painting. The key is whether you have rich and profound life thinking. For example, a candidate asked the question "How do I want to keep you?". The author wrote about the canal water from the clear and quiet in those days to the muddy noise now, people's destruction of nature, and also realized the vicissitudes of the world and the philosophy of "water is like life", which is usually unusual and generally profound.

Step 3: Define the writing characteristics.

Some semi-propositional compositions have quotations in front of them, so we should examine them carefully and extract keywords and related associations. There is often a "requirement" behind the topic, which often limits the scope, angle, style and number of words of writing. The review method of these requirements is the same as that of the whole proposition composition, so I won't go into details here.

Topic composition

Solving problems means Tianjin.

Theme composition is an article that focuses on a given theme and selects materials around this central content. This kind of composition is not limited in content, often in form, leaving more writing space for candidates. In recent years, the proportion of topic composition has been declining. However, some places did not simply deny and give up the topic composition, but "retreat for progress", and some valuable explorations appeared. For example, appropriately narrow the scope of opening up, design personalized tips that can stimulate candidates' interest, and clarify the connotation and extension of concepts. , are beneficial attempts in the form of new propositions. Let's take a look at several common topic composition types:

One is the word type. Such as "taste", "cherish" and "competition". These words have verbs and nouns, abstract and concrete, and some have figurative and symbolic meanings, so we should pay attention to their connotation and extension when examining the questions. Moreover, this kind of question type is closely related to propositional composition, and it may reappear in the form of proposition in the coming year.

The second is the type of phrase. Such as "such clothes" and "feel beautiful"

The third is the sentence pattern. This essay proposition is a sentence, poetic and meaningful. When investigating such topics, we mainly focus on the head words or words in the subject-predicate part. Such as "sharing is beautiful".

First, skillfully draw up the title to show personality.

The title is the eye of the article. In the examination room, a striking composition topic can quickly stimulate the curiosity of the marking teacher and provide a clear center for the author's writing. Therefore, the quality of the proposed topic is very important if you want to do well in the composition of the senior high school entrance examination. Generally speaking, from the specific content of the article, the topic composition should be accurate, eye-catching, novel and poetic. A good title has the following requirements:

1. Reveal the theme

The title is the main part of the article, so it is necessary to summarize the content so as to "cover the article and get to the point". For example, composition topic: Everyone has something to say. It's for mom, for teachers, for happiness, for troubles, for individuals, for society ... because there is no suitable opportunity, I have been buried in my heart. Now, please pick up your pen, we are listening ... Please write an article of more than 600 words on the topic of "heartfelt wishes". (omit requirements)

"Voice" is a big topic. If you don't grasp it well, talk in general. If the title is not well written, it will also make the article lose its luster. The title of a perfect composition is "the voice of a Tibetan antelope", which summarizes what the author wants to write and is closely related to the theme. Starting from a small place, the article wrote a confession of a Tibetan antelope, highlighting the evil consequences brought by human beings' failure to care for animals and expressing their love and care for nature.

2. Novel and unique

The title must give people a unique feeling, which will make your article shine. Especially topic composition, if the topic is dull, it will directly affect the charm of the article. For example, the composition topic of the senior high school entrance examination: combined with the enlightenment of Du Xiaokang's Lonely Journey in reading comprehension (1), take "growth" as the topic, write an article by yourself. Some students set the topic as "Mom is growing up", and some students plan the topics as "My growth is my master" and "Five flavors of growth". These topics are unique in many test papers, giving people a refreshing feeling.

Second, cleverly cut into the precise thinking

1. Size conversion

Some topics have a wide range and can represent multiple themes, which is often difficult for students to grasp. The best way to solve this problem is to "make it smaller": turn a broad topic into several "small topics" and specific people, things, things and reasons, and then filter them out and choose the one you are most familiar with and comfortable with. For example, the title composition of the senior high school entrance examination "Desire" is very rich in connotation. If we can start from a small place, we can cut the topic into "longing for a holiday", "longing for growth", "longing for kindness" and "longing for dignity" and so on. When writing, we only need to choose one aspect and speak thoroughly. Of course, some topics are so small that it is difficult for students' thinking to diverge. At this time, we should let go of our hands and feet, focus on the overall situation, see the big picture from the small, and broaden our thinking.

Play the pipa

Some composition topics, if you follow the usual practice, may easily fall into stereotypes and have nothing new to say. At this time, if we abandon the positive side and cut into the negative side, we will often find a new breakthrough soon, so that the marking teacher can shine in thousands of compositions. For example, the essay "Tempering", the topic of the senior high school entrance examination, is based on a sentence of Mencius, which enlightens us that people must go through hardships and hardships before they can do great things and achieve great things.

Of course, this idea is safer, but it is not easy to innovate. If you cut people from the opposite side, you should learn to avoid setbacks and hardships from an early age, but you should learn to face difficulties and temper your strong will to make arguments, which will be more inspiring and innovative. It should be noted that the opinions drawn from the opposite side are often not "common sense", so they cannot be widely applied to all propositions.

Third, carefully select materials around the center.

The material of the composition is closely related to the quality of the composition. The development level of the composition of "Examination Instructions" for senior high school entrance examination requires "rich materials" and "fresh materials", so we should pay attention to the following points in selecting materials: (1) Positive and healthy. "Writing carries Tao", articles should express thoughts, and articles with healthy thoughts can give people a positive impact. (2) avoid being born and cooked. Middle school students should choose familiar materials when choosing materials. (3) keep pace with the times. With the rapid development of society, the selection of materials should also keep pace with the times, so that the composition has a sense of the times. (4) avoid similarities and seek differences. Some materials are well known, so when selecting materials, we should try to avoid materials that people easily think of. Only when the materials are novel and unique can the article be fascinating. (5) remove the rough and extract the fine. We should carefully select suitable materials according to this idea. Typical materials are more representative, persuasive, expressive, infectious and shocking.

Given material composition

Solving problems means Tianjin.

Material composition is a type of composition that provides materials (words or pictures) for candidates to read and write as required. The form of the topic generally includes three parts: "material+tips+requirements". Material composition not only has the limitations of propositional composition, but also has the freedom of self-made composition, and can also test the comprehensive reading ability of candidates, such as reading comprehension, analysis and generalization, induction and reasoning, so it has always been a regular question type of composition for senior high school entrance examination.

In recent years, material composition has shown unprecedented openness, which is manifested in four aspects: multiple themes, open topics, diverse materials and clear tips. As far as written materials are concerned, they include fables, social events, textbooks, anecdotes and allusions, poems and songs, famous sayings and aphorisms, etc. And the pictures are mainly comics, photos and patterns. Therefore, material composition can "reduce the constraints on students' writing" to the maximum extent, and candidates can also avoid the disadvantages of writing on topics with moderate freedom of composition. The material composition in the composition of the senior high school entrance examination rarely presents a separate proposition, but mostly appears in the form of topic selection. However, it is in the heating period, and it is difficult to examine and conceive the material composition, so more attention should be paid.

Tip 1: Review the title of the material or the clear theme in the material.

Materials with topics should be carefully read in combination with the materials, and some topics even point to the theme of the composition. For example, the material of the composition for the senior high school entrance examination is "Puppet", which says "Puppet makes a fool of himself in public", "Go backstage to see" and "It's up to the person who carries the line". Therefore, from the figurative meaning of "puppet" and the symbolic meaning of "manipulated and manipulated", we can discuss the choice of freedom, dignity, glamorous appearance and scenery. In addition, we should pay special attention to the requirements of writing an "argumentative essay" and the specific writing requirements.

Tip 2: extract keywords from written materials and lock the writing theme.

Pay attention to the beginning and end of the given materials, as well as lyrical sentences or keywords; Some will give several explanations to some words, which is essentially a hint of the direction of writing. For example, the essay topic of the senior high school entrance examination: Guangming Daily published a comment on "Don't let Children's Day become a" consumption festival ". The article points out that many children's wishes to be present on June 1 ST are mostly related to eating, drinking and having fun; Some parents also take their children to the mall to buy this and that, and they are not soft on consumption. In this regard, experts call for: Don't let "Children's Day" become a single "Children's Consumption Festival" to make Children's Day more meaningful.

Looking back on childhood, you must have your own views on how to have a meaningful Children's Day. Please write an article about it, you can combine your own experience or knowledge, and you can also express your views from any angle.

This material is full of the characteristics of the times. "How to Have a Meaningful Children's Day" has locked in the topic. The description of "experience or experience" can be written as narrative, and the description of "expressing opinions" can be written as argumentative. Don't let Children's Day become a consumption festival, wishes are more related to eating, drinking and having fun, and making Children's Day more meaningful can be used as the theme of writing.

Tip 3: summarize the "intersection" writing topic from multiple materials.

If the composition topic provides 2-4 materials, then we can extract the "similarity" of each material by extracting key words and "seeking common ground while reserving differences", so as to summarize the composition topic.

Tip 4: Interpret the meaning or theme from obscure materials.

About one-third of the questions in the composition of the senior high school entrance examination materials use stories or fables as materials, some give moral hints directly, while others need candidates to interpret and refine them themselves, which increases the difficulty of examination. For example, the composition of the senior high school entrance examination gives a fable and tells a life story that conforms to the characteristics of students' growth. Students can have rich associations from trees to people. This fable first compares the growth of small oak trees with that of apple trees and roses. After a series of psychological and emotional changes such as "sad face", "more and more confused", "calm down" and "happy growth", the little oak tree finally became a big oak tree. "What do we need in the process of growing up" guides us to interpret the meaning of the materials, so as to interpret the ideas of "knowing ourselves correctly, not blindly listening to other people's opinions", "positioning ourselves accurately, finding the right direction of growth" and "not blindly comparing with others, and determining the goal of life according to our own situation".

Tip 5: Determine the writing direction from the topic requirements or tips.

Like other composition questions, "requirements" or hints in material composition are also the focus of examination. For example, after providing the materials for the senior high school entrance examination, it is required that "you can tell your own experiences (tell stories), express your feelings and express your opinions ... but you must not expand, continue or rewrite the raw materials". The first half of the sentence emphasizes that the genre of the composition can be narrative, lyric prose, argumentative or critical, while the second half reminds the minefield to pay attention to the use of materials provided by the topic.

Another example is the composition topic of the senior high school entrance examination: opening every text of junior high school Chinese is to enter a world, see a life, feel a wisdom, accept an emotion and accept a heart. Please write a composition of not less than 600 words according to the special requirements in combination with the junior middle school Chinese text; Feelings are natural, simple and true; Style is not limited (except poetry), and real names such as names of people, schools and places are avoided. Special requirements for the topic to be selected: the composition topic must include the text topic, or the author of the text, or the characters in the text, or the words in the text topic, such as "Back", Gorky, Little Frances, Baicaoyuan ...)

The composition topic of this material is very special, which is about junior high school Chinese text. According to the material, "to open a book is to walk into a world, see a life, feel a kind of wisdom, accept an emotion and accept a heart". This set of parallelism sentences is comprehensive and infectious. In "Special Requirements for Suggested Topics", the format of suggested topics is particularly emphasized. The essence is to limit the scope of writing, but the freedom is much looser. For example, from Zhu Ziqing's Back, I thought of fatherly love; Affection, affection, etc. From Lu Xun's From Baicaoyuan to San Tan Yin Yue, I recall the freedom and happiness of the author's life in Baicaoyuan, the boring and rich study life in San Tan Yin Yue, and then think of my childhood life and school study life.