The wind smells like clouds flying.
Gaozu often goes to Xianyang. Qin Huang took a look, sighed and said, "Well, a gentleman should be like this!" " -"Historical Records and Biography of Emperor Gaozu"
Liu Bang is a controversial emperor in history. He was born in poverty and misbehaved. It is hard to imagine that such a person finally started a dynasty. Throughout the historical records, although Sima Qian was from the Han Dynasty, he did not admire or even disdain the founding emperor. Compared with Biography of Xiang Yu, he felt that Liu Bang was like a scoundrel and a local ruffian. Xiang Yu, who was defeated by him, seems to be full of pride, perseverance and brilliance throughout the ages. Liu Xiang and Ban Guzan praised "Historical Records" for "not empty beauty and not hiding evil", which was basically the conclusion that Sima Qian drew when describing Liu Bang. Later generations often ignore his empty beauty and only value his lack of concealment, which makes the founding king always in an extremely embarrassing position because of Tai Shigong's swan song. Later, Ruan Ji of the Jin Dynasty boarded the battlefield of Guangwu, and even declared openly that "there is no hero, so he made a name for himself".
Is Liu Bang really that miserable? Later generations criticized Liu Bang from three aspects: greed, incompetence, unkindness and dishonesty.
First, greed and incompetence. First of all, lust for money can be said to be a common problem of feudal monarchs. In this era, people sitting in the dragon chair have the right to do so. Within the four seas, it is really abnormal for everyone to raise one person, if they are all as abstinent as monks. To say the least, even a wise man like Emperor Taizong once had an argument with courtiers for overhauling palaces or tombs. However, Liu Bang only built Weiyang Palace on the ruins of Qin Wangfu. Compared with the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, Qin Changcheng and Liu Bang really pursued frugality and housekeeping. According to Records of Historical Records and Biography of Xiang Yu, after Liu Bang arrived in Xianyang, "nothing was taken from the property, and the woman was fortunate". In the face of such temptation, he made three chapters and got a glimpse of the whole leopard.
Besides, he is incompetent. Let's talk about Liu Bang's talents. As a rogue who can't bend his bow and write, how can he control such a large group of people? If incompetence is a little reluctant, will all his civilian commanders follow an incompetent person and risk their lives with him? Everyone has his unique talent. Liu Bang's ability is to find talents and use them rationally. This is a very difficult job in itself. Professionals are not necessarily good leaders, and good leaders themselves are talents. It is not easy to dare to hire subordinates who are more capable than themselves in some aspects. A passage in Biography of Gaozu is very classic. "Gao Zu said:' The public knows one, but not the other. I am not as good as an ovary, because I am a winner thousands of miles away. I'm not as good as Xiao He, because I can help the country and the people, and I get paid. Even if it is a million-strong army, we must win the battle and attack it. I am not as good as Han Xin. These three are outstanding people, and I can use them, so I win the world. Xiang Yu had a Fan Zeng who couldn't be used, so he was captured by me. ""Throughout today's society, it is very unreasonable for many bosses to appoint their subordinates. They ask their subordinates to have the ability, but they don't want their subordinates to pin their ability on themselves. Many leaders dare not choose people for fear that their subordinates will surpass themselves, be more capable and prestigious than themselves, which shows that Liu Bang's ability and tolerance are indeed extraordinary.
Second, mean and heartless. The most criticized place in the world is that Liu Bangbing defeated Peng Cheng. On the way to escape, he pushed his children out of the car and only cared about his own behavior. Historical Records of Xiang Yu's Biography records: "Hanwang is filial, Yuan Lu. Chu rode after Hanwang, and Hanwang was in a hurry, pushing and getting off the bus, and Teng Gong often received it, so he was the third. Say,' although it's urgent, it can't be driven away, why abandon it!' "It seems that the emperor liu's concern for children is not as good as a liegeman. However, we must clearly understand the situation at that time. Thousands of pursuers are chasing after us, and there is only one Xia Houying on our side. If you don't make a decisive decision at this time, no one will be spared from being caught up. Do you have to let Liu Bang cry with a pair of children in the face of a butcher knife? In such an environment, personal heroism is the most unacceptable, and Liu Bang made the most favorable decision. And the goal of pursuers is Liu Bang, and it is undoubtedly the most dangerous to follow him. It can be said that separating children from themselves can reduce their danger. Besides, Xiang Yu's woman's benevolence should not kill innocent young children indiscriminately. If Liu Bang sees through the nature of Xiang Yu and dares to take risks, then Liu Bang is even more admirable. At such a critical moment, it is really not easy to make such an accurate deployment.
As for Liu Bang's attitude towards heroes after the founding of the People's Republic of China, it can only be attributed to the monarch's emperor Wang Zhidao, and he can't be said to be an ungrateful person. Zhao Kuangyin relieved the military power with a glass of wine; Zhu Yuanzhang killed aquamarine and Xu Da. A stable dynasty needs loyal ministers, not powerful ministers. The so-called founding fathers are mostly students all over the government and the opposition. In the long run, the situation is unstable and the country is in danger. As the founding king, what Liu Bang should do is to leave a stable political situation for the later kings, instead of a lot of courtiers who contributed to Gao Zhen.
Look at breaking promises again. Liu Bang made a covenant with Xiang Yu, sharing the world and taking the gap as the boundary. However, after Xiang Yu withdrew, Liu Bang broke the contract and pursued it, which was one of them. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, seven princes with different surnames were enfeoffed, but they were all killed successively, and the means were cruel. There were two princes. When we evaluate a person and a thing, we should not only look at subjective motives, but also look at objective influences. Jing Ke pleaded for the people and assassinated the cruel king of Qin, but once the assassination was successful, the pace of Qin's reunification slowed down, and the people had to return to the life of war and sorrow. So, is it right to stab Qin? Yang Di ordered the construction of the Grand Canal for his personal enjoyment and his own trip to Yangzhou, but the Grand Canal connected the north and the south, promoted exchanges, developed trade and created prosperity for thousands of years. So, sometimes, motivation and influence are inconsistent. Liu bang broke the Covenant, which ended the war at an early date, unified the country and enabled the people to recuperate. Liu bang killed the hero, eliminated the hidden dangers in the next few years or even decades, and made the country too stable. For individuals, these are not filial piety, but for the country and the people, they are all great acts of kindness, benefiting the world and the whole people.
It is despicable to put these on an ordinary person, but the word "despicable" applies to gentlemen, not to kings. What the king does changes according to his interests, and the actions he takes should reap the greatest benefits, so that the country can be rich and strong and the people can not be bullied by outsiders.
The wind rises in the clouds, and the weaver girl returns to her hometown at home. Andrew, soldiers are always on the lookout, okay?
"High-impedance, beginning from the ACTS. From the point of view, it is called Pei Gong. Xiaoming is a hero and works hard. Clouds are overcast and high-spirited. The dragon turns to the star, and the snake is divided into empty paths. A main life, negative about abandon work. I am really angry. I am the king of Bashu. Sanqin is north, and five soldiers are east. Drive acceded to the throne, Xianyang built a palace. Vega is everywhere and it is also a strong wind. " -Sima Zhen's Historical Records