Analysis of the Employment Situation of College Students and Countermeasures Abstract: Solving the employment difficulties of college students depends not only on economic development, but also on system reform and concept renewal. This paper expounds the employment situation of college students and its countermeasures. Keywords: college students; Employment; Situation; Countermeasures With the change of the employment system of college graduates from unified distribution under the planned economy system to independent employment under the market economy conditions, China has initially formed a new employment mechanism of "market orientation, government regulation, school recommendation and two-way choice between graduates and employers". With the popularization of higher education and the market-oriented reform of college students' employment in China, the difficulty of college students' employment has become increasingly prominent. The difficulty of college students' employment is a hot spot and focus of attention from all walks of life. It is not only related to the realization of graduates' own value and the vital interests of their families, but also related to the healthy development of higher education, the implementation of Scientific Outlook on Development, the implementation of the strategy of strengthening the country through talents and the construction of a harmonious society. The author has carefully studied and interpreted the current employment policy, consulted a large number of materials, and conducted a survey on the current employment situation of college students in several universities in Heilongjiang Province, thus making a superficial analysis on the employment difficulties and other issues. 1 An analysis of the reasons why college students find it difficult to find jobs. China is in a transitional period, and the reform of government institutions and the transition of economic system have forced state-owned units to reduce staff and increase efficiency, and their absorption capacity has dropped significantly. The employment situation in the whole society is getting more and more severe. At present, China's labor market is facing great pressure from about140,000 laid-off workers from state-owned enterprises,1500 million rural surplus labor force and nearly100,000 new urban labor force. The government has been trying to relieve the pressure by developing the service industry and other means. However, according to authoritative prediction, in the next three to five years, 22-23 million people will be employed in cities and towns every year in China. Even if the economy maintains a growth rate of 7%-8%, there will still be tens of millions of "job gaps" every year. Under the background that the absorption capacity of the social employment market has not increased correspondingly, undergraduates graduated after more than one year of large-scale enrollment expansion in Chinese universities. Therefore, the employment problem of graduates is more prominent and noticeable. The financial crisis at the end of 2008 made China's economy, which was already not smooth, worse under the influence of the general environment. Coastal foreign trade enterprises bear the brunt, followed by domestic manufacturing and service industries. During the whole economic depression, the employment rate of college students, known as the economic thermometer, was directly affected. There are four landmark signals that are very obvious: the number of recruits has decreased, the recruitment threshold has increased, employment competition has intensified, and salary expectations have declined. Finance, insurance, foreign trade, real estate, automobile, aviation, advertising and other industries began to reduce recruitment. Another indicator is that in the first half of 2008, 67,000 private enterprises in China closed down, while in 2007, private enterprises absorbed 34.2% of college graduates, which is not a small proportion and will definitely affect the job market of college graduates. According to the data of Laomai Online, a well-known recruitment platform in China, by the graduation season in June 2009, more than 5 million college students will be in a state of work difficulties. Taking the IT industry as an example, the number of enterprises that have clearly made recruitment plans in 2009 is less than 10% in previous years, and a large number of undergraduates have poured into the job market, but the positions provided by enterprises are obviously insufficient, which makes the whole year of 2008. 1.2 misunderstanding of oneself. With the rapid development of economy, China's higher education has been transforming from elite education to mass education for decades, becoming more and more popular. However, students and their parents' views on graduates' employment are still stuck in the concept of elite education more than ten years ago: as long as they graduate from college, they mean "elite" and must have a decent job. Therefore, graduates and their parents attach great importance to the nature of the unit, administrative level (or enterprise scale), central geographical location and starting point treatment. Therefore, the crux of graduates' employment difficulties lies in their inability to innovate in time and keep pace with the times. The newly graduated college students have limited value created in all aspects, so they should rationally give themselves a more accurate positioning. 1.3 problems in education. There are also problems in our education, such as the matching between educational development and social development, and the integration of educational knowledge and new knowledge. We have too many majors and too many divisions. Among the employed students, 30% have nothing to do with the original major, so we should strengthen general education. 2. Countermeasures to improve the employment rate of college students 2. 1 The reform of higher education should be further deepened. The fundamental and central task of colleges and universities is to cultivate talents. Supplement to the interviewees in the Report on College Students' Employment System; In May 2009, the reform -30 17: 45 made the cultivation of people have a direct connection with the society (market). This will have an impact on the talent training of the school from two aspects: first, the market economy will promote the changes in economic structure, industrial structure and technical structure; Promote the close combination of science and technology and economy; Promote the improvement of social informatization level, and then promote the all-round progress of society. This will inevitably lead to the change of social occupational structure and the increase of occupational mobility, thus putting forward new requirements for the quality of talents. The training of talents in schools will change from adapting to relatively simple and stable needs to adapting to diverse and changeable needs. Second, students directly enter the market to compete for employment after graduation. The demand of society (market) directly affects students' choice of major, and talent training is affected by market competition to some extent. These two influences will lead to changes in the specifications and modes of personnel training, and will also lead to comprehensive changes in the internal operating mechanisms of schools such as education and teaching, student management, personnel management, administrative management and logistics management around personnel training. Therefore, adapting to social needs and promoting education and teaching reform is an important content of internal reform in colleges and universities. At the same time, develop vocational training institutions and boldly try the marriage between schools and enterprises. Students who have just left school are not only weak in practical ability, but also have problems in expression and communication skills. Schools should set up vocational training institutions or increase vocational quality education courses, including business etiquette, mental health, communication with people and integration into teams. Only by combining professional quality training with practice can we really narrow the gap between school education and market demand. 2.2 College students' employment outlook needs to be rationalized. The key to coping with the employment difficulties of college students is the transformation of our higher education from elite education to mass education. College students are no longer absolute social "elites", so they can't have high salaries and high social status. At present, there is a structural imbalance in the employment of college students. On the one hand, enterprises can't find suitable talents; On the other hand, after many college students graduate, enterprises don't want them. In 2009, there were 6,654,380,000 college graduates in China. How can we make everyone an "elite" in society? The result of popular education is that some people are engaged in ordinary jobs. Therefore, college students should look at themselves more objectively, establish a rational view of employment, and regard themselves as ordinary workers; Grassroots employment should be considered; The estimation of wages should be more objective; Efforts should be made to improve the overall quality and cultivate talents with both ability and political integrity; Special attention should also be paid to career planning, because if college students want to choose an ideal career and make a difference, they should consciously link their studies with their future work as soon as they enter school, establish a reasonable knowledge structure, cultivate a scientific way of thinking and improve their practical skills. 2.3 to the grassroots employment. In order to promote employment and encourage college students to work in front-line posts that require a large number of talents, China has introduced a number of measures, including: implementing the "College Students Volunteer Service Plan for the West", and recruiting volunteers from college graduates to serve in township-level education, health, agricultural technology and poverty alleviation units in poverty-stricken counties in the west for two years. Encourage all kinds of enterprises and institutions, especially small and medium-sized enterprises and private enterprises to hire college graduates; Encourage college graduates to start their own businesses and find jobs flexibly, and actively provide them with tax incentives and small loans while organizing entrepreneurship training, entrepreneurship guidance, policy consultation, project demonstration and follow-up counseling; Do a good job in employment guidance and services. At the same time, in the face of severe employment pressure, we college students should keep a clear head and analyze the market situation. Sometimes seemingly stupid choices are just the wisest choices, such as going to the west for employment. We should not only analyze the market, but also have a clear grasp of ourselves, understand our hobbies and specialties, and don't blindly pursue high-paying jobs and bury our potential. More importantly, we should cultivate our independent thinking ability, critical thinking ability, communication ability and cross-cultural learning ability. , increase the weight of our successful employment. 2.4 Know yourself objectively. Under the severe employment situation, we should clearly realize that college students are not a vulnerable group in the employment market, that is to say, there are still many places where our country needs college students. College students themselves are not disadvantaged groups in employment. If they are all vulnerable groups in employment, what about our migrant workers? Why not get a college education? Moreover, only 5% of us have received higher education, and now 25% of us have received higher education. Although the gross enrollment rate of China University is close to the internationally recognized starting point of higher education popularization 15%, the population with higher education still accounts for only about 5% of the total population. Compared with the gross enrollment rate of higher education of 40% ~ 50% and the proportion of highly educated employees of13 in developed countries, there is far from a surplus of university graduates in China, and the saturated unemployment of university graduates in China does not exist. A survey conducted by the Ministry of Education on more than 6,000 graduates from some colleges and universities from May to March 30, 200917: 45 showed that as many as 66.67% of the students expected to find jobs in coastal open cities, only 6.37% and 2.59% chose provincial capitals and small and medium-sized cities in the mainland, and almost no one wanted to go to towns, rural areas and remote areas. It can be seen that it is difficult for graduates to find jobs, and the surplus of talents is only a relative surplus. Large cities, large enterprises and large companies with relatively concentrated talents are absolutely insufficient in the vast rural areas and western regions. Therefore, college students should not be disadvantaged groups in employment, and there should be no problem of not finding a job. Only the difficulties in the field of employment, industry and starting salary. To sum up, the alleviation and solution of college students' employment difficulties depend on economic development, as well as system reform and concept renewal. Solving the employment of graduates is a systematic project, which involves the government, society, schools and students themselves, and requires the joint efforts of government management departments, universities and society, including graduates themselves. Among them, it is easier to solve the employment problem of college students from the students themselves. After all, the changes and adjustments of a market are time-delayed, and only by finding reasons from ourselves can we cope with the constant changes. If every student can comprehensively improve his comprehensive quality, have real talent and practical learning, and change his concept at the same time, he can succeed in the fierce competition and get an ideal career.