Ok, I'll give you my final paper, and you can revise it appropriately.

My National Hero-Yue Fei

"Angry, aperture, it's raining. Looking up, screaming in the sky, strong and fierce. Thirty fame, dust and earth, eight thousand miles of clouds and the moon. Don't be idle, it's white and sad.

Jingkang shame, still not snow; When will courtiers hate it? Driving a long car, breaking through the lack of Helan Mountain. Eat pork when you are hungry, and drink Hun blood when you are thirsty. Stay from the beginning, clean up the old mountains and rivers, and go to the sky. "

-Yue Fei's "Man Jiang Hong"

First, about national heroes.

In the ancient history of China, since the nation came into being, it has merged with other nations in its own development.

In the process of communication, a large number of outstanding figures emerged, some of whom were called national heroes. Because the formation and development of nations and various relations between nations constitute a complex and contradictory historical phenomenon, the judgment and evaluation of national heroes "cannot be carried out in all historical eras with a simple principle, but should be analyzed according to the specific historical conditions of each tribe or race in each era." one

The ethnic contradictions and struggles in the history of our country are basically manifested in two different forms: one is the contradiction and struggle between ethnic groups at home and abroad, and the other is the contradiction and struggle between ethnic groups at home. One view is that national heroes can only be outstanding figures emerging from ethnic conflicts at home and abroad, such as Qi Jiguang, Zheng Chenggong and Lin Zexu. In fact, this division is not analyzed according to the specific historical conditions of each era and tribe, and it is one-sided and not objective. In my opinion, in the national struggles of China in various historical periods, heroes of all ethnic groups who resolutely opposed the exploitation and oppression of other ethnic groups and fought bravely to safeguard the interests of their own people and defend their independence and sovereignty should all be national heroes, such as Yue Fei and Wen Tianxiang.

Second, "Thirty fame and dust, eight thousand miles of clouds and moons"

Yue Fei (1103-1142) was born in a peasant family. At that time, the nomads from the south "killed people, robbed property, drove women away and burned their property", which caused great hatred among the people of all ethnic groups in the Central Plains, including the Han nationality. He joined the army at the age of 20, and "serving the country faithfully" was his lifelong ideal.

11In the autumn of 28, Yue Fei led the troops to cross the Yellow River in the north and defeated the nomads in Gancheng (north of Yanjin, Henan). In June 5438+this year 10, Jin Bing went deep into the south of the Yangtze River, and Yue Fei's troops were active in Guangde (Guangde, Anhui), Liyang, Changzhou and other places in the Taihu Lake basin, and constantly won the battle against Jin. In February 65438, Guangdong Nomads attacked Zhejiang, and Yue Fei intercepted them, wiped out the enemy 1000 people and captured more than 20 people from Zhejiang Nomads. When Yue Fei was stationed in Guangde Village, there was a shortage of food and grass for a while. Soldiers would rather endure hunger than take people's food casually.

1 134 (Shaoxing four years), Yue Jiajun recovered Xiangyang, Tang Zhou, Dengzhou, Suizhou and other places. Yue Fei attaches great importance to the aftermath. In addition to the soldiers clearing the fields, he also called on the exiled people to solve the problems of food, seeds and cattle for the people, so that production can be resumed.

Six counties, such as Xiangyang, connect Sichuan and Shaanxi in the west, Hunan and Jiangxi in the south, Huaibei in the east and Henan and Shandong in the north, which are important bases for counterattacking the Central Plains. Facing the excellent situation, he advocated a large-scale northern expedition. In "Yellow Crane Tower" written by him in Ezhou, there is "When to invite a strong team?" Luo used a whip to cross the Qinghe River. He shouted to Song Gaozong and crossed the Yellow River northward. "Go straight to the Central Plains and restore old Xinjiang."

1 136, yue flew into Xiangyang. Part of Yue Jiajun set out from Xiangyang and fought in Changshui County, southwest of Luoyang, and recovered some counties near Luoyang. The front of the army reached the Yellow River. At this time, the militiamen on the north bank of the Yellow River are happily looking forward to the arrival of Yue Jiajun day and night. Yue Fei confidently told the soldiers that one day he would hit the enemy's hometown, "Go straight to Huanglong and drink with the gentleman!"

The more determined Yue Jiajun's anti-Jin consciousness is, the more contradictory it is with Song Gaozong's peace policy. Yue Jiajun did not go north, but was ordered to retreat to Ezhou. Yue Fei, with mixed feelings, wrote a poem "The Red River" in Ezhou, expressing his lifelong ambition. His thoughts and feelings against national oppression and his will to resist gold are closely related to the wishes of the people.

1 137, Song Gaozong went from Pingjiang to Jiankang, accompanied by Yue Fei. Along the way, Yue Fei talked about the military plan to recover the lost land in the north, thinking that we must seize the opportunity at the moment of military victory and bravely kill the enemy. Yue Fei said: the people in the north are watching, and the opportunity cannot be lost again. But the emperor ignored these words.

Third, "crossing the south regardless of the country, the elders of the Central Plains look at the standard."

On the first month of the ninth year of Shaoxing (1 139), the Southern Song Dynasty declared the peace talks successful. As a result, the Emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty called A Jin a "minister"; Give the Jin Dynasty 252,000 pieces of silver and 250,000 pieces of silk every year; The rulers returned Shaanxi and Henan; Return Hui Zong's coffin. Song Gaozong and Qin Gui were not ashamed, but proud, and held a "celebration" ceremony in the imperial court. Yue Fei expressed indignation at Qin Gui's peace proposal. He refused to accept the promotion of officials and said to Song Gaozong, "You can worry about today's events, but you can't congratulate them. It is really inappropriate to tease the enemy by rewarding merit. "

However, the "good days" did not last long. The Jin Dynasty, with Zong Bi as the commander in chief, launched a four-way Jinbing southward in May 1 140. The front line started from the lower reaches of Huaihe River in the east and extended to Shaanxi in the west. On this front, the main generals in the Southern Song Dynasty were Han Shizhong, Yue Fei and Wu Lin.

Yue Jiajun had high morale and strict military discipline when marching. 1 140 In July, Zong Bi led elite cavalry15,000 men, and adopted the tactics of two-sided suppression to attack Yancheng. Yue Jiajun dispatched infantry, tied with long-handled sharp knives, cut off clues and disrupted the enemy's position. Yue Fei led 40 riders into the enemy line, and the soldiers fought hand-to-hand with big axes, and finally defeated the nomads from Yancheng. This is the famous "Yancheng Victory". At this point, Yue Fei saw that the "golden thief was dying" had arrived, and wrote several times to ask the emperor to order it immediately. The whole army Qi Xin joined forces and went north together.

However, Song Gaozong was afraid of the power of the people, and even more worried that Yue Fei's power would expand and endanger his throne. Song Gaozong and Qin Gui insist on truce and peace and withdraw their troops in an all-round way.

Yue Fei was angry at the sudden evacuation order. His above defense, that is, "time, personnel and strength have been seen." When the work is finished, it will not come again, and the opportunity will be lost. " However, the emperor's decision to abandon the Central Plains has been confirmed. In the name of the emperor, Qin Gui issued twelve urgent orders in one day, ordering Yue Fei to retreat immediately. Yue Fei sighed under the pressure of Emperor Gaozong and said, "Ten years' work will be wasted once, and all counties will be closed once. The country is difficult to revive; Gankun world, there is no reason to reply! "

When Yue Jiajun retreated from the front, the people burst into tears. People struggled to stop Yue Fei from mourning, and Yue Fei was extremely sad. As a marshal of the Song Dynasty, he dared not disobey the orders of the imperial court. Later generations said that Yue Fei was so-called "foolish loyalty". In fact, I think it is influenced by the traditional Confucian patriotism. If he does not obey the orders of the central authorities, it is no different from rebellion. I don't think we can just look at Yue Fei's so-called foolish loyalty. After all, it was limited by the historical conditions at that time. But I also feel sorry for Yue Fei's failure to continue the Northern Expedition.

Yue Jiajun retreated to Ezhou, and the city recovered in front fell into the hands of Jin people. 1 14 1 year, Qin Gui and others took measures to remove Yue Fei's military power and arrested Yue Fei, Yue Yun and Zhang Xian. At this time, Yue Fei sighed bitterly: "I am loyal to my country, once I rest!" "

The peace faction found no evidence of Yue Fei's rebellion, but the word "unwarranted" poisoned Yue Fei and killed Yue Yun and Zhang Xian in 1 142 65438+ October (the eleventh year of Shaoxing). 39-year-old Yue Fei died unjustly. Sad! Sad! The strongest wall is not captured by others, but collapses from the inside.

Fourth, "looking up to the sky and screaming, strong and fierce"

Jin people spoke highly of Yue Fei's achievements and national integrity, even when Song and Jin confronted each other. 1 142, an envoy of the Jin dynasty who escorted his mother Wei and the coffin back to the south said in Lin' an that "Yue Fei is the only loyal minister in the south of the Yangtze River who is good at using troops, and his discipline is very strict, and Qiu has no crimes." "Fei fame, violence (through" exposure ") in the north and south", admitted that Yue Fei is a hero.

To evaluate national historical figures, we should not only see their historical limitations, but also criticize the ancients. At the same time, don't modernize historical figures and make hasty analogies with reality. Comparing the past with the present will not only lead to a correct understanding of historical figures, but also lead to a tendency of simplification and even an idealized conclusion.

Yue Fei, a national hero in my heart. "Serving the country faithfully"-the unity of patriotic words and deeds; "Civil servants don't love money, military officers don't hesitate to die, and the world is at peace"-an official commandment; "Freeze to death without demolishing houses, starve to death without fighting"-strictly manage the army; "Treat 10,000 people as one person"-treat people equally; "If Beilu is immortal, why should we do it at home?" Noble sentiment. Undoubtedly, it is this spirit that constitutes a part of the outstanding spiritual heritage of the Chinese nation, which has enabled Yue Fei's reputation and achievements to last for more than 800 years. The impact of years is indelible, and the political storm is indestructible.