Abdominal pain in children is a common disease in pediatrics, but there are many reasons for abdominal pain. Parents should pay attention to the symptoms of children when sending them to see a doctor, and never give them painkillers at will, otherwise it will cover up the symptoms at the onset and affect the doctor's observation of the condition, thus delaying diagnosis and treatment. If the child has the following common abdominal pain symptoms, parents should deal with it in time and send the child to the hospital as soon as possible.
nematode disease
Abdominal pain characteristics
When the environment changes or children have fever, diarrhea, hunger, and eat irritating food, they suddenly have abdominal pain. The child rolled around crying, bent down, broke out in a cold sweat and looked pale. Abdominal pain around navel is the most serious. Often accompanied by vomiting, and even spit out roundworms. Sometimes abdominal pain can be relieved or even disappeared by itself. Children look tired and can play as usual after full recovery. Each pain attack lasts a few minutes, maybe every other day, or several times a day.
Causes of abdominal pain
Ascaris lumbricoides larvae develop into adults in the small intestine, causing toxicity and mechanical stimulation to the small intestine, causing abdominal pain, diarrhea, indigestion and other symptoms. When the number of adults is as many as dozens or hundreds, the worms can twist into a ball and cause intestinal obstruction. Moreover, ascaris has the habit of drilling holes, often drilling into the appendix and biliary tract to cause appendicitis and biliary ascariasis, thus causing abdominal pain.
How to deal with it
In recent years, there have been many new symptomatic drugs with high curative effect and little side effects, such as levamisole, mebendazole and thiamisole. Children with ascariasis can take these drugs under the guidance of a doctor.
Special reminder
Ascariasis is quite common in China, with more children in rural areas than adults, more than cities, and the infection rate can reach more than 85%. Therefore, prevention is the main thing: vegetables should be washed and cooked, melons and fruits should be washed and peeled, raw water should not be drunk, and hands should be washed before and after meals. It is also important to cut children's nails often, because the dirt under the nails often contains a lot of ascaris eggs.
acute appendicitis
Abdominal pain characteristics
At first, the child felt stomachache or pain around the navel, and after a few hours, it turned into pain in the right lower abdomen. Pressing the child's right lower abdomen with the hand will aggravate the child's crying. The child is often accompanied by symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, and then has a fever, and the body temperature can be as high as 39 C.
Abdominal pain is generally not too severe, but children often curl up in bed with their right legs or walk with their backs bent. If a child can't express his pain in words, his crying will be different from that in peacetime, and he will curl up and break out in a cold sweat. If you cry for more than 3 hours, parents should doubt whether there is the possibility of appendicitis.
Concurrent syndrome
Acute appendicitis is common in children of all ages. In addition to abdominal pain, it will be accompanied by the following symptoms:
1. Nausea and vomiting: Most children are accompanied by vomiting, and the vomit is mostly undigested food.
2, fever: most children began to have a fever shortly after the onset of abdominal pain, and some showed crying and fever at the same time.
3, afraid of rubbing the stomach: the child is afraid that parents or doctors will press the right lower abdomen hard, where the abdominal wall muscles are tense, and the child refuses to press the abdomen by adults. There are also some children with atypical symptoms, such as diarrhea at the beginning, which is very similar to enteritis.
How to deal with it
Appendicitis develops rapidly in children, and suppurative peritonitis caused by perforated appendix may endanger children's lives. Therefore, if the child is found to have the above symptoms, he should be sent to the hospital as soon as possible.
Special reminder
Because acute appendicitis is often accompanied by fever, children with atypical abdominal pain are easily mistaken for colds and diarrhea by their parents, which should be paid attention to and carefully observed.
Occlusal hernia
Abdominal pain characteristics
The child has paroxysmal crying, abdominal pain, abdominal distension, vomiting, swelling in the groin when standing or forcibly defecating, or swelling of only one scrotum. This situation may happen again and again after being treated by a doctor.
Causes of abdominal pain
Because of crying, coughing, laughing, sneezing, exertion (such as defecation) and other reasons, the abdominal pressure increases, so that the intestine enters the groin or scrotum and causes abdominal pain. Umbilical hernia and inguinal hernia are common in children. The probability of umbilical hernia incarceration is very small, and abdominal pain is mostly caused by inguinal hernia incarceration.
How to deal with it
Children must be sent to hospital for treatment in time.
Gastrointestinal growth pain in children
Abdominal pain characteristics
Some children will have paroxysmal abdominal pain inexplicably, but many tests can't find the reason, and taking medicine to treat intestinal spasm and expel worms is also ineffective. In fact, this kind of abdominal pain may be a normal physiological phenomenon, which is called "gastrointestinal growth pain in children" in medicine.
The main feature of children's gastrointestinal growth pain is that it recurs within a certain period of time, and each pain time is short, generally less than 10 minute. Abdominal pain is mainly located around the abdomen, followed by the upper abdomen. When the pain stops, it will recur. Abdominal pain can be mild or severe. In severe cases, the child can cry and roll for a long time, and the stomach is slightly hard. Intermittent, the whole abdomen is soft, which may be accompanied by vomiting. After vomiting, the spirit is still good.
Pain has no certain regularity, and the degree of pain is not consistent. It's just abdominal discomfort, but colic. The child's pain is unbearable, and he can still hear the sound of "gurgling". But this kind of pain can be relieved quickly, and the child's mental state, diet and activities will return to normal after relief.
Causes of abdominal pain
Gastrointestinal growth pain in children is paroxysmal abdominal pain caused by strong contraction of intestinal wall muscles, and it is the most common case of acute abdominal pain in children. The causes are related to many factors, such as catching cold, overeating, eating a lot of cold food, and breastfeeding too much. This kind of abdominal pain is more common in children aged 3 ~ 12. The mechanism is that the child grows and develops rapidly, the blood supply to the body is relatively insufficient for a period of time, and the intestine is in a state of temporary ischemia, causing spasmodic contraction and pain. In addition, because of the dysfunction of autonomic nerve, it will lead to the disharmony between the excitation and inhibition of intestinal wall nerve, which will cause the intestinal smooth muscle to contract strongly and cause pain, so it is also called "infantile intestinal spasm" in medicine.
How to deal with it
For children with gastrointestinal growth pain, treatment is generally not needed. If the pain is severe, you can apply hot compress or massage Zusanli point and abdomen, which has a certain effect on relieving the pain. However, there are many reasons that can lead to abdominal pain in children. You must ask a doctor for a definite diagnosis and exclude other diseases before you can be diagnosed as gastrointestinal growth pain.
The disease is a simple functional change, and it is a non-organic lesion, so the prognosis is good and most of it can heal itself. If you give your child an appropriate amount of belladonna tincture orally under the guidance of a doctor, you can quickly relieve the pain. bacillary dysentery
Abdominal pain characteristics
I often have sudden attacks. First, the fever is 39℃ or even higher, and the number of stools increases. Paroxysmal abdominal pain often occurs before diarrhea, and the "purring" sound in the stomach increases, but the abdominal distension is not obvious. The sick child is severely dehydrated, with poor skin elasticity and general weakness.
Causes of abdominal pain
This disease mostly occurs in summer and autumn, mainly due to bacterial infection caused by inattention to food hygiene.
How to deal with it
When the child is sent to the hospital for treatment, parents can also carry out comprehensive care to help the child alleviate the pain.
Nursing points:
1, children must be isolated, tableware can be scalded with boiling water 15 minutes, and children's toys can be made of easily disinfected wood or plastic. Children's sheets and bedding can be disinfected by exposure to the sun for 6 hours.
2, in order to reduce physical exertion, reduce the number of defecation, let the child stay in bed. When a child has abdominal pain, you can put a hot water bottle on his abdomen, but pay attention to the water temperature not to be too high to prevent burns.
3. If the baby's stool is urgent and fast, let the child defecate on the diaper, and don't let him defecate in the toilet to prevent anorectal prolapse. Wash the child's buttocks with warm water after each defecation and apply 5% tannic acid ointment to the skin around the anus. If you have proctoptosis, you can apply vaseline on gauze or soft toilet paper to hold the prolapsed anus, gently massage it and push it up at the same time to reset it.
If the child often vomits, he can fast for a short time, and the doctor may give the child intravenous infusion. Parents can feed their children less greasy liquids, such as lotus root starch and soybean milk. When you are well, you can eat as soon as possible. At this time, you can feed your child some semi-liquid foods with little residue and easy digestion, such as porridge, steamed eggs and boiled noodles. Milk is easy to cause diarrhea and flatulence, so don't feed your child for the time being.
Give the child plenty of water. In the later stage of recovery, you should try to arouse the child's appetite. You can also let him take digestive enzyme drugs such as pepsin half an hour before eating, and supplement nutrition and protein in his diet. You can eat less and more meals at first, and gradually increase it to prevent indigestion.
Children with chronic bacillary dysentery are often malnourished, so parents should arrange their children's diet reasonably. In addition to avoiding food that is cold and difficult to digest and greasy, if you want to improve your nutritional status in a short time, you should pay attention to improving the color, aroma, taste and diversity of food in combination with your usual eating habits to arouse your appetite.
Henoch-Schonlein purpura
Abdominal pain characteristics
Henoch-Schonlein purpura is an allergic disease, which is accompanied by systemic symptoms. First of all, it is manifested as cutaneous purpura, which varies in area and size, and its surface is purple-red, mostly distributed in limbs and buttocks, especially ankles and knees. On this basis, paroxysmal severe abdominal colic appears, which is obvious around the navel or lower abdomen, with tenderness, but the stomach is soft. Can be accompanied by diarrhea and varying degrees of bloody stool, stool is black or red. It is caused by bleeding and edema on the inner wall of intestine. Some children are accompanied by joint swelling and pain and even hematuria.
How to deal with it
Sending children to the hospital for treatment, diseases are mostly treated by traditional Chinese medicine, which can achieve the effect of eliminating evil and consolidating the foundation. Severe children still need hormone therapy, but the prognosis of the disease is generally good. Those with mild symptoms can be cured in 1 week, and those with severe symptoms can be cured in 4 ~ 8 weeks. Children should stay in bed and limit hard and indigestible food.
chronic gastritis
Abdominal pain characteristics
Chronic gastritis or peptic ulcer in children is often recurrent paroxysmal abdominal pain, mostly irregular, mainly supraumbilical and periumbilical pain, often accompanied by typical manifestations such as tenderness, anorexia, emaciation, vomiting and pantothenic acid in the upper abdomen. Most sick children have a history of unclean diet, uneven hunger and satiety, or eating like food and getting cold.
How to deal with it
There is no specific treatment for chronic gastritis in children, and the comprehensive treatment of chronic gastritis in children should be mainly diet therapy and drug treatment. In addition to actively cooperating with doctors, parents can also start by adjusting their children's daily diet. The principle of dietotherapy is to maintain children's nutritional intake, so as to ensure their normal growth and development and prevent nutritional disorders. Parents can arrange easy-to-digest food according to their children's age and living habits, and eat more meals in small quantities to avoid children eating irritating food and drinks.
Special reminder
This disease is most easily misdiagnosed as gastrointestinal spasm and ascariasis, which needs parents' attention.
For children with bad eating habits and recurrent epigastric pain or periumbilical pain, fiberoptic gastroscopy should be done as soon as possible to make a clear diagnosis. The positive rate of fiberoptic gastroscopy in the diagnosis of gastritis and peptic ulcer in children is much higher than that of gastrointestinal barium meal examination. It used to be thought that chronic gastritis in children was rare, but now children tend to eat more "junk food" and parents don't pay attention to cultivating their children's good eating habits, so the incidence rate is increasing day by day. This disease is one of the main causes of recurrent abdominal pain in children.
Habitual abdominal pain
Abdominal pain characteristics
When all kinds of acute diseases and ascariasis are excluded, all kinds of recurrent abdominal pain without reason can be habitual abdominal pain.
Most of them start around the age of 4. It often hurts after breakfast or meal. Ask the child which part hurts, usually the navel, and whether he has a fever or loose bowels. The pain is not very serious. 10 ~ 20 minutes, as if nothing happened. However, the next day, the child complained of stomachache in the same way. When I went to the hospital for examination, I couldn't find any substantial lesions, and I couldn't find any eggs when I checked my stool.
Causes of abdominal pain
Although this disease is not included in general textbooks, it does exist among young children. The research of foreign scholars also shows that abdominal pain like this not only exists, but also quite a few. It is speculated that the child's internal organs are too sensitive, and gastrointestinal peristalsis is mistaken for abdominal pain, or it may be because of constipation, because many children disappear after defecation.
How to deal with it
There is no special treatment for habitual abdominal pain at present. Usually, it is mainly to prevent children from constipation and let children eat more fruits, yogurt and other foods.
When the pain occurs, pressing his "Zusanli" point with his thumb can quickly relieve the pain. Be careful not to press with your nails to avoid hurting your skin. (Determine the position of "Zusanli" and let the child sit in the chair, bend the knee joint, press the right thumb on the right knee joint, and press the middle finger on the outside of the knee joint, which is the "Zusanli" point. This acupoint has a large range up and down, so it is ok to be completely "fuzzy". Special reminder: some children who just went to kindergarten will cry and have a stomachache as soon as they are sent to kindergarten, as if they were pretending to be sick. At this time, parents should not arbitrarily say that the child is pretending to be sick and reprimanding the child, so as not to hurt the child's self-esteem, but it is not appropriate to show excessive anxiety. You can tell your child: "Wait until the abdominal pain is good." This may be habitual abdominal pain caused by psychological reasons.
Acute mesenteric lymphadenitis
Abdominal pain characteristics
Often there is fever first, followed by abdominal pain. The site of abdominal colic may be diffuse or different, depending on the location of inflamed lymph nodes, but it is most common in the right lower abdomen. The site of abdominal pain is easy to change, and the intensity of abdominal pain is also easy to change.
Causes of abdominal pain
Bacteria enter the chylous duct through the damaged intestinal mucosa of gastrointestinal tract, which aggravates mesenteric lymph node inflammation; Due to the stimulation of inflammatory exudate, there are clinical symptoms such as fever, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.
How to deal with it
Send the child to the hospital as soon as possible.
Special reminder
The vast majority of children with acute mesenteric lymphadenitis occurred at 3 ~ 10 years old, with boys accounting for 57%, and the peak incidence was in children under 7 years old. This disease is usually complicated or secondary to intestinal inflammation during acute upper respiratory tract infection.
Abdominal urticaria
Abdominal pain characteristics
It is often related to children eating food with allergens such as fish, shrimp and eggs. Rubella often appears itchy skin and pain around navel, accompanied by vomiting and diarrhea.
Causes of abdominal pain
Most of them happen to allergic children.
How to deal with it
If the child has an allergic constitution, try to avoid eating foods that are easy to cause allergies. If you have abdominal pain, you should take anti-allergic drugs orally according to the doctor's advice, and the abdominal pain can be relieved.