2 English reference kuhseng[ Landau Chinese-English Dictionary]
Sophora flavescens [Landau Chinese-English Dictionary]
Landau Chinese-English dictionary
Chloasma. Landau Chinese-English Dictionary
Xiangya Medical Dictionary
Sophora flavescens [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]
Sophora flavescens, root [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]
Sophora flavescens [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]
Sophora flavescens [Chinese medicine terminology review Committee]. Terminology of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2004)]
Sophora flavescens [Chinese medicine terminology review Committee]. Terminology of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2004)]
Summary Sophora flavescens is the name of traditional Chinese medicine, and Shennong Herbal Classic is published. It is the dried root of Sophora flavescens. [1] of Leguminosae.
Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China (PRC) (20 10 edition) records the pharmacopoeia standard of this Chinese medicine.
4. Latin scientific name of Sophora flavescens (Terminology of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2004))
5 English name lightyellow sophora root (Chinese medicine terminology (2004))
6 Sophora flavescens is also known as Kugu, Digu, Niushen and Chuanshen [2].
Sophora japonica Sophora japonica , dangshen [3].
Source Sophora flavescens is the root of Sophora flavescens .. Leguminosae [2].
It is the dried root of Sophora flavescens. [1] of Leguminosae.
8 production is located in all parts of the country [2].
9. Sexual taste belongs to Sophora flavescens, bitter and cold, and enters the heart, lungs, kidneys and intestines [2].
10 efficacy and indications Sophora flavescens has the efficacy of clearing heat, eliminating dampness, expelling wind and killing insects [2];
Sophora flavescens treats damp-heat dysentery, gastroenteritis, jaundice, malnutrition, intestinal wind hemorrhoid, Huang Chi in urine, light urine, leucorrhea with reddish discharge, and lymph node tuberculosis: decocted in water, 3-9g [2].
Radix Sophorae Flavescentis treats damp toxic sores, skin itching, scabies, tinea, leprosy and urticaria: decoction or oral administration [2].
Radix Sophorae Flavescentis is used for treating trichomoniasis, and is decocted and cleaned; Burn and grind sesame oil to apply [2].
Sophora flavescens is a commonly used medicine for clearing away heat and dampness in ophthalmology, which has the effects of clearing away heat and dampness, expelling wind, killing insects and diuresis. It can be used for treating conjunctival congestion, wind-induced redness and swelling, blurred eyelids, nymph itching, etc. It can be used with Radix Rehmanniae, Radix Paeoniae Rubra and Cortex Dictamni Radicis.
1 1 The contraindications of Sophora flavescens should not be too large [2].
12 compatibility contraindication Sophora flavescens anti-veratrum [2].
13 The chemical constituents of Sophora flavescens contain matrine Ⅰ Ⅳ, soybean saponin Ⅰ, alkaloids such as D- matrine, D- oxymatrine, D- sophocarpine, L- sophocarpine, L- methyl genistein, and oxymatrine, oxymatrine and chalcone.
Sophora flavescens contains many alkaloids, such as matrine, oxymatrine, matrine and sophoridine [3].
14 the pharmacological action of Sophora flavescens has certain antiarrhythmic effect in laboratory and clinic, and its action nature is similar to that of quinidine [2].
Oxymatrine can increase white blood cells. It has antiasthmatic, antiarrhythmic and anticancer activities with sophocarpine, and the pharmacological effects of coumarin and genistein are similar to those of nicotine, which can stimulate breathing reflexively [2].
Rotundine also has some effects similar to curcumin [2].
Total flavonoids of Sophora flavescens has antiarrhythmic effect [2].
Matrine has anticancer activity [2].
Alcohol extract has anti-trichomonas effect in vitro [2].
Sophora flavescens has antiasthmatic effect on animals, and its diuretic effect has been reported [2].
Toxic dose of matrine can cause spinal cord excitement and convulsion in rabbits, and finally die of respiratory paralysis [2].
Matrine can excite the central nervous system first, then * * *, and can strongly contract blood vessels and excite the spinal cord center, which can cause a sharp rise in blood pressure and contraction of blood vessels to cause tissue necrosis [3].
Sophora flavescens alkaloids can cause blood pressure drop and respiratory depression; The LD50 of oxymatrine injected intravenously in mice was 65438 0 50 mg/kg, which was lower than that of matrine and matrine [3].
15 Sophora flavescens poisoning Sophora flavescens contains many alkaloids such as matrine, oxymatrine, matrine and sophoridine.
Matrine can excite the central nervous system first, then * * *, and can strongly contract blood vessels and excite the spinal cord center, which can cause a sharp rise in blood pressure and contraction of blood vessels to cause tissue necrosis [3].
Sophora flavescens alkaloids can cause blood pressure drop and respiratory depression; The LD50 of oxymatrine injected intravenously in mice was 65438 0 50 mg/kg, which was lower than that of matrine and matrine [3].
15. 1 Sophora flavescens poisoning symptoms mainly include salivation, unsteady gait, shortness of breath and rapid pulse. Severe poisoning can also cause convulsions, convulsions, slow and irregular breathing, and even respiratory depression, which is life-threatening. [3]
15.2 treatment of Sophora flavescens poisoning The main points of treatment of Sophora flavescens poisoning are [3]:
1. Early vomiting, gastric lavage and catharsis, and discharge of residual Sophora flavescens in digestive tract.
2. Take egg white, milk and tannic acid protein orally.
3. Intravenous infusion of 5% glucose saline.
4. People with convulsions or respiratory depression need timely symptomatic treatment.
15.3 Prevention Strictly control the commonly used oral dose of Sophora flavescens, and use it with caution or not for the weak. [3]
16 Sophora flavescens Pharmacopoeia Standard 16. 1 named Sophora flavescens.
Kushen
kuh-seng
16.2 source this product is the dried root of Sophora flavescens. Leguminosae Dig in spring and autumn, remove roots and twigs, wash and dry, or slice and dry when fresh.
16.3 features: this product has a long cylindrical shape, with branches at the lower part, a length of 10 ~ 30cm and a diameter of1~ 6.5cm. The surface is grayish brown or brownish yellow, with longitudinal wrinkles and transverse lenticellate protrusions, thin skin, multiple cracks and folds, easy peeling, and yellow and smooth peeling. Hard, not easy to break, fibrous section; Slice thickness 3 ~ 6mm；; The section is yellow and white, with radial texture and cracks, and some of them have concentric annular or irregularly scattered abnormal vascular bundles. A slight breath, an extremely bitter taste.
16.4 Identification (1) The powder of this product is light yellow. Cork cells are light brown, flat, rectangular in cross section and slightly curved in wall; The surface is polygonal, with irregular fine cracks on the flat peripheral wall surface and intermittent holes on the vertical peripheral wall. Fibers and crystalline fibers, mostly in bundles; The fiber is slender, the diameter is 1 1 ~ 27 microns, and the wall thickness is non-lignified; The cells around the fiber bundle contain calcium oxalate cubes to form crystalline fibers. The cell wall of crystal cells is unevenly thickened. Calcium oxalate cube is biconical, rhombic or polyhedral, with a diameter of about 237 microns ... starch granules, single round or rectangular, with a diameter of 2 ~ 20μ m, with cracks in umbilicus and faintly visible large grain stripes; There are many compound grains, which are composed of 2 ~ 12 fractions.
(2) Slice this product horizontally, and add a few drops of sodium hydroxide test solution. The cork is orange red and gradually turns into blood red, which will not disappear after a long time. Xylem does not react with color.
(3) Take 0.5g of this product powder, add 0.3ml of concentrated ammonia solution and 25ml of chloroform, leave it overnight, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness, and add 0.5ml of chloroform to dissolve the residue as the test solution. In addition, the matrine reference substance and sophoridine reference substance were added with ethanol to prepare a mixed solution containing 0.2mg 1ml as the reference substance solution. According to the thin-layer chromatography test (Appendix ⅵ b of Pharmacopoeia I, 20 10), absorb 4μl of the above two solutions, respectively, and spot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate prepared with 2% sodium hydroxide solution, and use toluene-acetone-methanol (8: 3: 0.5) as the developing agent, spread it for 8cm, take it out, dry it, and then use toluene-ethyl acetate.
(4) Taking oxymatrine as reference substance, adding ethanol to prepare a solution containing 0.2mg per kloc-0/ml as reference substance solution. According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (Appendix ⅵ b of Pharmacopoeia Part I, 20 10), take 4μl of the sample solution under [Identification ](3) and the above-mentioned reference solution, and spot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate prepared with 2% sodium hydroxide solution, and the chloroform-methanol concentrated ammonia solution is (5: 0.6: 0.3)/KLOC-0. In the chromatogram of the test sample, the same orange spots appear in the position corresponding to the chromatogram of the control sample.
The water content of 16.5.1shall not exceed 1 1.0% (Appendix ⅸ h, First Method of Pharmacopoeia 20 10).
16.5.2 The total ash content shall not exceed 8.0% (Appendix ⅸ k of Pharmacopoeia 20 10).
16.6 the extract shall be determined by the cold immersion method under the water-soluble extract determination method (appendix ⅹ a of Pharmacopoeia I, 20 10), and shall not be less than 20.0%.
The content of 16.7 was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (appendix ⅵ D of Pharmacopoeia I, 20 10 edition).
16.7. 1 chromatographic conditions and system applicability test: amino bonded silica gel is used as filler; Acetonitrile anhydrous ethanol 3% phosphoric acid solution (80: 10: 10) was used as the mobile phase. The detection wavelength is 220 nm. The theoretical plate number should be no less than 2000 calculated by oxymatrine peak.
16.7.2 preparation of reference solution take appropriate amounts of matrine reference substance and oxymatrine reference substance, weigh them accurately, and add a mixed solution of acetonitrile and absolute ethanol (80: 20) to prepare a solution containing 50μg of matrine and 0. 15mg of oxymatrine per 1ml respectively.
16.7.3 preparation of test solution take about 0.3g of this product powder (pass through No.3 sieve), accurately weigh it, put it in a conical flask with a stopper, add 0.5ml of concentrated ammonia solution, accurately add 20ml of chloroform, plug it, weigh it, ultrasonically (power 250W, frequency 33khz) for 30min, and let it cool. Accurately measure 5ml of continuous filtrate, put it on a neutral alumina column (100 ~ 200 mesh, 5g, inner diameter 1cm), elute with 20 ml of chloroform and 20ml of chloroform-methanol (7: 3) mixed solution in turn, combine the eluents, recover the solvent, dissolve the residue with proper amount of absolute ethanol, and transfer to/kloc.
16.7.4 determination method accurately absorbs 5μl of the above two control solutions and 5 ~ 10 μ l of the test solution respectively, and injects them into a liquid chromatograph for determination, thus obtaining the product.
The total content of matrine (C 15H24N2O) and oxymatrine (C 15H24N2O2) shall not be less than 1.2% in terms of dry products.
16.8 Radix Sophorae Flavescentis pieces 16.8. 1 Processed to remove residual roots, separated in size, washed, soaked to about 60% for penetration, fully wetted, cut into thick slices and dried.
This product is round or irregular thick tablets. The outer skin is grayish brown or brownish yellow, and sometimes L-shaped protrusions can be seen on the transverse skin. The skin is thin, often broken, rolled back or shed, and the shed part is yellow or brownish yellow and smooth. The section is yellow-white, fibrous, with radial texture and cracks, and concentric rings are partially visible. A slight breath, an extremely bitter taste.
The content of 16.8.2 is the same as that of traditional Chinese medicine, and the total content of matrine (C 15H24N2O) and oxymatrine (C 15H24N2O2) shall not be less than 1.0%.
16.8.3 identify, check and extract the same medicinal materials.
16.8.4 Bitter taste and cold, returning to the meridian. Heart, liver, stomach, large intestine and bladder meridian.
16.8.5 Functions: clearing away heat and promoting diuresis, killing insects and diuresis. Can be used for treating dysentery, bloody stool, jaundice, urinary incontinence, leucorrhea with reddish discharge, pudendal swelling and itching, eczema, wet sore, skin itching, scabies and leprosy; External treatment of trichomoniasis.
16.8.6 Usage and Dosage: 4.5 ~ 9g. Apply appropriate amount externally, and wash the affected area with decoction.
16.8.7 Note that it should not be used with Veratrum nigrum.
16.8.8 Store in a dry place.
16.9 source: People's Republic of China (PRC) Pharmacopoeia (20 10).
17