Agarose gel electrophoresis is suitable for separating and purifying nucleic acid fragments with the length of 200bp-50kB, and is widely used in genome extraction and analysis, vector construction, plasmid extraction and so on. , the resolution is low, and it is difficult to separate nucleic acid fragments with the difference of 100bp.

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is suitable for separating small nucleic acid fragments below 1kB, sequence analysis and comparison, ribozyme analysis and identification, extraction and analysis of small nucleic acid fragments, etc. It can accurately separate small fragments of nucleic acid molecules with a difference of ten to dozens of bp.