The specific facts reflected in the materials are the requisition, circulation and sustainable utilization of land resources in China in recent years. Compared with the 2006 national civil servant application examination, the 2007 application examination materials are less difficult, but the questions are more difficult. Let me talk about the combination.

Let's specifically analyze the problem-solving skills and routines in consultation:

1. Logical combination between materials and their basic contents

We have always stressed that the biggest skill to overcome the application exam is to thoroughly understand the materials and have a dialogue with them. According to the characteristics of the application examination, we believe that only by sketching key words (such as the first and last sentences, related words, common words), summarizing the general idea of paragraphs, classifying and other steps can candidates systematically grasp the basic content of materials and the logical relationship between materials, so as to deal with the examination questions as a whole, and thus it is possible to achieve a high score breakthrough in the application examination. This is because the application materials over the years have a relatively clear logical level under the careful design of proposition experts, especially this year's application materials.

Generally speaking, it is about the circulation and utilization of land resources in China, but specifically, reading the materials carefully, we should see that all the materials can actually be clearly divided into two parts:

The materials in paragraphs 1 and 2 introduce the problems existing in the process of land resources expropriation and circulation in China, especially in rural areas;

The materials in paragraphs 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 are about the sustainable utilization of land resources in China, that is, recycling.

There is a parallel relationship between these two parts. In fact, there are two problems: how to rationally use and protect the existing land stock and how to effectively expand the land increment through recycling.

For the materials in paragraphs 1 and 2 related to the first major problem-the expropriation and circulation of rural land, we can also summarize and summarize the materials according to the logical relationship between the problem performance of social phenomena, the causes of the problems and the countermeasures to solve the problems.

It is not difficult to find that in this part, the specific social fact is the expropriation and circulation of rural land.

The main questions are:

In recent years, with the acceleration of China's urbanization process, a large number of farmers' collective land has been expropriated by the state, and the cultivated land in the suburbs is too large, resulting in the abandonment of cultivated land. At the same time, farmers' interests are not satisfied, which leads to farmers' petition and even confrontation. Whether this problem can be properly solved directly affects farmers' lives, rural development and agricultural stability. Rent-seeking may occur in the process of land expropriation, leading to corruption.

The reasons for these problems are:

The government collects at a low price and sells at a high price to profit from it; Village committees sell land cheaply, and farmers have no right to price their own land; The compensation is not enough for farmers to start businesses, and the government has not established a reasonable employment placement and social security system for them.

Some scholars put forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions for this problem:

It is necessary to distinguish between the two markets. This is because there is an important problem in the current land expropriation in China. There are two markets in the process of land expropriation. First, the government expropriated it and then transferred it to other enterprises, resulting in unfair social distribution.

For the materials in the third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh paragraphs related to the second major problem-the sustainable use of land resources in China, we can also summarize and summarize the materials according to the logical relationship between the problem performance of social phenomena, the causes of the problems and the countermeasures to solve the problems.

Obviously, the concrete fact of this part is the sustainable use of land resources.

Problem performance:

The land reuse rate is low, the illusion of "land shortage" and the sustainable utilization of land resources are insufficient.

Reason:

A large number of idle land; With the continuous expansion of construction land, enclosure phenomenon is serious; Excessive input of pesticides, fertilizers and irrigation destroyed the quality and utilization rate of land.

Countermeasures:

Achievements and experiences of land reclamation in Wuxi, Shougang and Henan. Take the transformation of dump, tailings pond greening, "hollow village", brick kiln and industrial and mining wasteland as examples.

Control the total scale of land construction, actively reclaim land and improve the utilization rate of land.

Formulate and improve the evaluation standard of "sustainable land use management"

2. Analysis of the difficulty of the test questions

Closely following the syllabus, it highlights the examination of the new contents in the 2007 examination syllabus. The new content in the examination syllabus is mainly "The application materials usually involve one or several specific social problems or social phenomena, and the applicants are required to accurately understand the main contents reflected in the materials, comprehensively analyze all aspects involved in the problems, and form and put forward their own opinions, ideas or solutions on the basis of grasping the theme and spirit of the materials, and express them accurately and smoothly in words."

I will talk about my own views on specific topics.

(1) About the ability to grasp the theme and spirit of the materials-we should clearly realize that we are investigating Scientific Outlook on Development.

In this year's exam, the ability to "grasp the theme and spirit of the material" has been significantly improved. The ability to grasp the theme and spirit of materials is actually the ability to see the essence through phenomena. Through the above analysis of the application materials, we can see that this year's application materials continue the consistent style of the application materials of the national civil service examinations over the years-closely following hot topics and reflecting complex and long-standing social phenomena and social problems.

This year's application materials, although seemingly reflecting the issues of land requisition, circulation and sustainable use, actually examine the relevant theoretical and practical issues in Scientific Outlook on Development.

First, an important reason for the problems in the process of rural land expropriation is that local governments sell farmers' land at low prices under the guidance of local interests and distorted views on political achievements. As we all know, establishing a correct outlook on political achievements is the key to the implementation of Scientific Outlook on Development, so this issue is closely related to Scientific Outlook on Development and is in the political dimension of Scientific Outlook on Development.

Second, petitions and mass incidents in the process of land expropriation are important factors affecting social harmony. Therefore, this issue is closely related to a harmonious society and involves the social dimension of Scientific Outlook on Development. At the same time, it is mentioned in the materials that the compensation for landless farmers is not enough to start a business, and the government has not established a reasonable employment placement and social security system for them, which involves farmers' livelihood and is closely related to the theory of harmonious society.

Thirdly, regarding the sustainable use of land in the materials in paragraphs 3-7, in fact, land resources are efficiently recycled through measures such as reducing pollution, which is the basic idea of developing circular economy. As an important measure to implement Scientific Outlook on Development, vigorously developing circular economy is naturally closely related to Scientific Outlook on Development. This is actually the economic dimension of Scientific Outlook on Development.

So from this perspective, I personally think that this year's application proposition is the most classic in recent years. This year's application proposition follows the central authorities closely, paying attention to reality, but it is implicit and full of flavor.

It goes without saying that from the above analysis, it can be seen that revealing the theme and spirit of Scientific Outlook on Development through land requisition, circulation and sustainable utilization is the key to break through the "lifeline" of the last question in this year's application examination.

(2) the ability to comprehensively analyze problems-the key is to "come from materials and go to materials"

We have always stressed that "materials are fundamental. The foundation is not firm, and the ground shakes. Lay a solid foundation and be as stable as Mount Tai. " This sentence is vividly reflected in this year's application examination.

This year's "evaluation" of the second question, "purpose and significance" and "noun explanation" of the third question all require candidates to have strong ability to analyze problems according to materials. These problems seem a little difficult to start with. In fact, the answers to these questions are hidden in the materials. The key to solving the problem is "from material to material".

The second question, combined with "given data 3-7", talks about what aspects of "sustainable land use management" should be evaluated. In fact, "evaluation" here can be understood as "cognition" or "observation", because the question asks "from what aspects" to evaluate, not how to evaluate. So this substitution can be made here. Then understand this article and the problem will be solved. Then the answer to this question can be found in the material, which is actually a summary of material 3-7. The third paragraph is about the experience of Jiangsu province. The main method is land consolidation, controlling large households to adopt low density and resolutely stopping villas. In fact, we still adopt the method of rehabilitation to control the amount of land. The materials in the fourth paragraph emphasize the reuse and readjustment of land. The fifth paragraph is about controlling idle land. The material in the sixth paragraph emphasizes the control of construction land.

When answering this question, our usual skills of finding key sentences are of great use here.

The third topic, let you talk about "purpose and significance", actually let you talk about the reasons for "greening dump and tailings pond and renovating' hollow village', brick kiln and industrial and mining wasteland", that is, the benefits of "greening dump and tailings pond and renovating' hollow village', brick kiln and industrial and mining wasteland". This is also easy to summarize from the materials, so I won't go into details here. "Land stock" and "land shortage" are not difficult to explain. The key is to read and analyze the material.

(3) the ability to solve problems-more specific and pragmatic, the key is to find the root of the problem.

The ability to put forward countermeasures and solve problems has always been the focus and difficulty of the application examination. This year's investigation in this area is not to propose countermeasures against a macro or meso problem, nor to analyze the effectiveness of existing countermeasures, but to propose countermeasures against a very specific micro problem. Frankly speaking, this topic is more difficult, firstly, because it is very specific, but because it involves the relevant common sense of economics and management. Answering this question not only requires candidates to have strong ability to analyze and solve problems, but also needs to accumulate some knowledge of economics and management, cultivate the ability to pay attention to and analyze hot issues and be good at reading and reading newspapers.

For example, the title of 1 in the fourth question is that "given data 2" mentioned that "the land transfer market is divided into two categories for trading". Please further explain how to distinguish these two markets and talk about how to solve the problem that farmers have no right to price their land in these two markets.

These two issues are closely related. On the first question, we know from the materials that some scholars have pointed out that we should distinguish the two markets, and pointed out that there is an important problem in China's current land expropriation. There are two markets in the process of land expropriation, one is government expropriation, and then it is transferred to other enterprises, which is an important reason for unfair social distribution. Through analysis, it is not difficult for us to know the reasons why farmers' interests are damaged in land circulation: First, the government maintains an absolute monopoly in the primary land market, so enterprises can't enter the primary land market and can only trade land in the secondary land market. Therefore, some local governments transfer land to enterprises to engage in commercial operations by means of low levy and high sale, and profit from it. Second, at present, in rural areas of China, land use rights (circulation rights and income rights) have been solidified to the collective (villagers' groups), and individual farmers lack land pricing rights. Then, we should think that the solution to this problem is to distinguish between expropriation and occupation of land. If it is for public welfare purposes, the compensation standard for land acquisition and occupation must be raised; If it is for commercial use, market mechanism must be introduced. In other words, according to scholars' point of view, the land market should be divided into commercial land market and public land market. Enterprises are allowed to enter the primary land market to trade commercial land, thus breaking the government monopoly. Moreover, it is necessary to solidify the land use right to individual farmers, so that farmers have bargaining power when transferring land.

Then understand a little, the answer to this question will be:

The length of these two types of markets is the land market for public welfare and the land market for business.

measure

① Break the monopoly of rural collectives on land, solidify the land use right to individual farmers, and let farmers have bargaining power when transferring land.

(2) Break the government's monopoly on the primary land market, allow enterprises to enter the primary land market for land transactions for commercial purposes, and give farmers bargaining opportunities when transferring land.

In fact, the answer to this question has been clearly explained on page 134 of my book On Cosmic Collection.

The fourth question is the second question: If the relevant departments of the central government set up a joint inspection team to conduct a special inspection on the management and use of compensation fees for land collectively owned by farmers, please list the main contents of this inspection. (15)

The idea of answering this question is actually relatively simple. Just thinking about three questions: how much is the compensation? Is it delivered in place? The third is the use of land expropriation.

The land compensation fee should be "land area × unit price per mu", so there are two aspects involved here: first, whether the area accounting of farmers' land is accurate when land is requisitioned; Second, whether the average output value per mu of land and the compensation standard are reasonable in recent years, and whether there is a problem of deliberately lowering the standard.

Whether the compensation fee is paid in place involves several aspects: first, whether the compensation fee is paid; Second, whether the compensation fee is paid according to the standard; Third, whether the compensation fee was really paid to farmers or was misappropriated.

The purpose of land requisition is to look at the construction projects of land requisition.

Second, the analysis of ideas to solve problems

In fact, with the above analysis, most problems have been solved. Now we will focus on the first question and the last question.

The first question: according to the content of "given material 1 2", sort out a material for the reference of relevant responsible comrades. (30 points)

Requirements: comprehensive overview, clear point of view, clear organization and fluent language, no more than 500 words.

This topic continues the tradition of applying for the exam. The first question is to summarize the main contents. But this year's topic is somewhat difficult, which is manifested in two aspects: first, it is not clear what to summarize; The second is to ask the responsible comrades for reference. In fact, this is only a change in form. This question is actually the same as the first question last year. Just ask you to write a summary of the situation, summarize the main content of the material 1-2, and clearly say the words "for leadership reference" at the beginning. Other parts can be discussed according to the general mode of summarizing the main contents.

The related problems existing in the process of expropriation of farmers' collective land by the state are sorted out as follows for the reference of leaders.

These materials reflect that although great progress has been made in rural land expropriation in China since the reform and opening up, there are still many problems. In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization in China, a large number of farmers' collective land has been expropriated by the state, and farmers' interests have not been met, which has led to farmers' petition and even confrontation. The land requisition in Beijiao Village and Xiying Village in Hebei Province is quite representative.

The basic situation of land acquisition in the northern suburbs of Hebei Province is as follows: First, almost all cultivated land has been occupied, leaving only more than 30 mu of cultivated land; Second, the compensation cost for farmers is too low to meet the losses of farmers.

The basic situation of land acquisition in Xiying Village: First, the compensation cost is low. Second, so far, vocational and technical schools have only paid 1/3 of the total compensation to Xiying Village. Third, the village committee violated the organic law of the village committee and sold land cheaply. Fourth, petition.

Some experts believe that the main reasons for the problem of rural land expropriation are: the government collects at a low price and sells at a high price to profit from it; Village committees sell land cheaply, and farmers have no right to price their own land; Land compensation is not enough for farmers to start businesses, and the government has not established a reasonable resettlement and social security system for them.

The existence of these problems has increased the number of landless and unemployed farmers, directly affected farmers' lives, rural development and agricultural stability, and seriously affected social stability and development. We are taking or will take various measures to solve these problems. The Chinese government issued the Decision on Deepening Reform and Strict Land Management, which standardized the power of examination and approval, and made a new commitment to compensation: if the compensation reaches the legal upper limit and is still not enough for farmers to maintain their original living standards, the government can subsidize it with the income from paid use of state-owned land. Some experts also believe that farmers can get due compensation if the land transfer market is divided into two categories for trading.

Question 5: Please write an article about land with the topic of "Lifeline". (30 points)

Requirements: 1, refer to the information given, choose your own angle, ask questions and solve problems.

2, clear point of view, practical, concrete analysis, clear thinking, fluent language.

3. There are many 800 words in the full text.

Personally, I think this topic is very interesting, which fully reflects the serious and lively style of the composition from the requirements of the topic. The title of Lifeline is very artistic, which emphasizes the vividness of the sketch in form. However, our students and discerning people should see that the specific requirements of the topic still require you to write a special and bureaucratic argumentative paper-Shen Lun. If you see the topic of "lifeblood" and turn it into a magnificent prose comment, you are all wet. No matter what its title is, this article should be written according to our requirements.

Refer to sample title:

Title: The Source of Life

Part I: Asking questions

First of all, it is pointed out that land is the lifeblood of human beings, especially farmers.

In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization in China, a large number of farmers' collective land has been expropriated by the state, and farmers' interests have not been met, which has led to farmers' petition and even confrontation. At the same time, a large number of rural land has not been used sustainably, resulting in the illusion of land shortage. Therefore, we must take Scientific Outlook on Development as a guide, effectively regulate land requisition and circulation, and effectively develop and protect land resources, which is urgent.

Part II: Analyze the causes of the problems and demonstrate the necessity of taking measures.

Reason: (1) Land resources can't be used reasonably and effectively, so it's difficult to give full play to the land value. (2) The compensation standard for land expropriation is unreasonable, and farmers' future living security is only considered in the short term. (3) The procedure of farmland expropriation is not standardized, and farmers are neglected.

Necessity: Whether this problem can be properly solved directly affects farmers' life, rural development and agricultural stability.

Part III: Put forward countermeasures.

Under the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development, governments at all levels should establish a correct view of political achievements, standardize government behavior, pay attention to the sustainable utilization of land resources, and take practical and effective measures to truly develop, utilize and protect our lifeline-land resources.

(1) The local government should establish a correct view of political achievements, earnestly proceed from the fundamental interests of the people, safeguard the vital interests of the broad masses of farmers on the land issue, and standardize the land acquisition behavior.

(2) There is an urgent need to establish and improve laws and regulations on land expropriation, regulate the use of agricultural land expropriation by legal means, improve the compensation policy for agricultural land expropriation with market orientation, improve the procedures for land expropriation, and establish a complete agricultural land expropriation system.

(3) For landless and unemployed farmers, it is necessary to provide various convenient conditions for their employment and entrepreneurship, and improve various related social security systems and systems.

(4) Adhere to the policy of sustainable land use, increase investment, strengthen management, improve innovation, and adopt various technical means to promote the recycling of land resources.

The fourth part: the end.

In short, it is of great and far-reaching significance to learn lessons, sum up experience and take various measures to effectively protect the land as the lifeblood of the national economy and people's livelihood, so as to promote China's economic and social development on the track of scientific development, embark on the road of social harmony and promote the comprehensive construction of a well-off society.