Question 2: How to write the reasons for choosing a topic in the application form of university graduation thesis? The 20-point argument is the soul of argumentative writing, the sub-argument is the skeleton supporting this soul, and the argument is the flesh and blood of argumentative writing. It is inconceivable that a person should be full and colorful, with only a soul and skeleton and no flesh and blood. The same argumentative essay can't be called an article only with central arguments and sub-arguments, and it must also have typical and vivid arguments.
Typical arguments refer to representative examples and famous sayings that can fully reflect the essence of things. First of all, ask for truth and be related to the topic. Secondly, we should abandon the old arguments and use new ones. Some students memorized several classic arguments in their compositions, such as Sima Qian, Madame Curie and Zhang Haidi, and used them from different angles as a kaleidoscope. In fact, even if these arguments are typical, they are not noticeable. On the contrary, it will be better to choose the new argument that "people have me without me, and people have me", which will make commentators feel fresh when reading. In addition, some students are used to reasoning with ancient examples, and the whole article fails to connect with reality, has no running water of the times, and cannot achieve the purpose of full reasoning. It is best to quote fashionable sentences and examples that the media generally pay attention to to to assist reasoning, strengthen the pertinence and sense of the times of reasoning, and make the article more convincing.
Tie a good tail
The ending is the inevitable result of the development of the full-text content and one of the important components of the article structure. Shi Tuo, a famous modern writer, once said, "When writing an article, no matter how long it is, we should first consider the ending. With the end, how to start, how to arrange in the middle, it will be solved. " A good ending should be like a leopard tail, loud and powerful, alarming and inspiring. For example, Lu Xun's "On the Collapse of Leifeng Tower" ends with only two words: "What a suck!" In just two words, it can be said that it is concise and penetrating the back of the paper!
In fact, the end of an article is sometimes more important than the beginning. Because the rater begins to grade after reading the end, its quality directly affects the rater's scoring psychology. Li Yu once said: "At the end of the article, we should capture the soul with flattering words and let it linger on the picture scroll. If it is hard to say goodbye." If the ending has this effect, the whole article will add a lot of color. At the end of the argumentative paper, collect the full text and highlight the central argument; To reflect the compactness and integrity of the full-text structure, we should not retreat hastily or gild the lily; Language should be crisp and powerful, clear and loud, inspiring and inspiring.
The language image is fluent.
Language items are an important criterion for composition grading. The language of argumentative writing should be accurate, vivid and vivid. When some students write argumentative essays, they often pose as telling the truth. In order to reason thoroughly, they move out the terms of philosophical principles and dialectics, but the effect is counterproductive.
There are 1000 versions of a truth. Try to choose a vivid version. In order to show vivid effect, vivid and even gorgeous language is essential in addition to using analogy, analogy and examples. Pay attention to using hypothetical sentences, rhetorical questions or whole sentences to make the article more irrefutable. Although the power of modifying language cannot be achieved overnight, it will naturally improve as long as it is accumulated for a long time.
Question 3: How to write the audit opinion of graduation thesis topic selection certificate? Just a moment, please. I'll send it to you now.
Question 4: How to write the results of graduation thesis project? Expected results refer to the research results you expect before the project starts. For example, research equipment may be a piece of equipment, and research technology may be a new process, formula, etc. The achievement can be expressed in the form of an academic paper, a patent, a piece of equipment and a set of technological processes. Specifically, when applying for a project, there is a ready-made format, so upload it.
Hello, have you decided on the topic of your opening report? Did the teacher agree to the topic of the opening report? Which direction do you want to write?
Is the specific format of the opening report school ready? How many words are you going to write? You can ask if you don't understand. I hope I can help you. I wish the topic selection of the opening report passed smoothly and the graduation thesis writing process went smoothly.
Technical route generally refers to the process of preparation, initiation, conduct, repetition and achievement of research, not the writing process of graduation thesis or the preparation and conduct of defense. Many students will make these mistakes.
Refer to the same type of papers. The technical route is actually about the overall thinking, logical reasoning process and argumentation method adopted in your paper.
In the whole process of postgraduate education, the quality of dissertations is an important symbol to measure the quality of postgraduate training. The quality of the paper depends largely on the detail of the opening report. The opening report of the paper is very detailed. Although it takes a lot of time in the early stage, it is very convenient to write the paper, ensuring the quality and quantity of the paper to be completed within the specified time. However, if we don't pay attention to the thesis opening report and regard it as a form, then writing a thesis will have no goal, no direction and no ideas, and it may take more detours, and it is difficult to ensure the quality of graduation thesis.
First, the significance of the thesis opening report
The opening report of master's thesis is an explanatory report on the topic selection and implementation of master's thesis written by graduate students after completing literature research. The paper opening report is the focus of literature research, and also the dispersion point of paper research, which plays a positioning role in research work.
The purpose of writing a thesis opening report is to ask teachers and experts to help judge whether the research topic is valuable, whether the research method is effective, and whether the argument logic is obviously flawed. Therefore, the opening report of the paper should focus on the main contents of the study, the main problems to be solved (or the main viewpoints expounded), the research steps, methods and measures. However, in my work practice, I found that many students often spend a lot of ink to describe other people's research results in their thesis opening reports, but when it comes to their own research methods, they often pass in a few words. This is not convenient for the evaluation teacher to guide.
Second, how to write a thesis opening report
(A) the premise of the thesis opening report-through theoretical thinking on the topic.
In work practice, it is found that the common problem in the opening report of master's thesis is that the topic is inappropriate. Some topics are too "mediocre", some topics are too broad, the research content is too broad, and the topics are not in line with the reality of master students, so it is difficult to practice. For example, the topic of the paper put forward by some students is "Study on New Neutral Nickel Catalyst and Its Catalytic Synthesis of Polyethylene and Polypropylene". This topic is meaningful and innovative, and the author's research ideas are correct. However, the scope of the thesis is too large, and the research content is obviously too much, so a master student can't finish it on time. Therefore, it is necessary to redefine the research content and pay attention to the operability of the project.
So how to choose research questions? The emphasis here is to discover research problems through theoretical thinking.
A theory is a logical system composed of a series of premises and terms. Theories in specific fields have their specific concepts, categories and research paradigms. Only under the same concepts, perspectives and paradigms can theories speak. Only through dialogue can theory develop. It is difficult for master's and doctoral dissertations to create new theories, and most of them are developed on the basis of existing theories.
Secondly, the problem of choice is a process of "peeling", and theoretical problems are always deeply hidden behind complex reality. Finding theoretical problems requires the ability to use theoretical thinking. This requires us to constantly exercise and improve our theoretical thinking ability. In our daily study, we need to constantly summarize and analyze from what angles predecessors generally analyze and study problems and what theoretical tools and methods are used, and constantly improve our theoretical thinking ability through study and summary, so as to choose academic theoretical value and application value, and closely combine them with national economic construction and scientific research projects undertaken by tutors ... >>
Question 5: How to write the significance of graduation thesis topic selection? The significance and purpose of the topic selection is generally the first content in the opening report, which is to explain whether the topic you are studying has research value or discussion value, and the purpose of writing the opening report. In fact, it is necessary to ask a tutor to judge whether our topic has research value, whether this research method is possible, and whether this argument logic has obvious defects. When writing meaning, you can decide the form according to your own topic, which can be divided into practical meaning and theoretical meaning. You can also write the purpose and meaning together without subdividing them. In short, you can suggest that you can describe it from these two points, but according to your own topic. Do not copy mechanically: 1. (Your topic) is a novel and meaningful topic that has not been studied by predecessors, that is to say, it has been ignored by predecessors. 2. Previous studies have been made, or although they have been elaborated, the discussion is not comprehensive enough. You should enrich it or refute the previous point of view. In short, the meaning and purpose must be clearly stated and there must be some new ideas. Secondly, pay attention to the theory you use. What theory do you use to prove your point of view should also be clearly stated, otherwise it will be difficult to be convincing, and there must be detailed basis in literature review and evaluation of research level at home and abroad to set off the significance of your topic selection.
Question 6: How to write the tutor's evaluation in the application for undergraduate scientific research innovation projects? Take the law as an example.
The reporting members are active, enthusiastic, earnest and well-prepared, have the professional ability of subject research and the necessary language ability of comparative research, and the team structure is reasonable. At the same time, based on the innovation of "two aspects" and "two levels", the development of comparative research has been broken.
Starting from the marriage and family system related to social development and human ethics, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to compare and discuss the divorce support system between China and the United States, which involves many disciplines such as law, sociology, legal system, social security and judicial practice. The idea of the project is clear, the scheme is feasible, and the guidance is agreed.
Question 7: How to write the research significance of graduation thesis? The opening report mainly includes the following aspects:
(A) the name of the paper
The name of the paper is the name of the subject.
First, the name should be accurate and standardized. Accuracy means that the title of the paper should clearly explain what the problem is and what the research object is. The name of the paper must be consistent with the content of the study, neither too big nor too small, and you should accurately summarize your research objects and problems.
Second, the name should be concise, not too long. Whether it is a paper or a topic, the name should not be too long. Try not to use words if you can, generally no more than 20 words.
(2) The purpose and significance of the research.
The purpose and significance of research is why we should study and study its value. This can generally be based on the actual needs, pointing out that there is this problem in reality, which needs to be studied and solved, and what practical role this research has, and then writing the theoretical and academic value of the paper. These should be written more specifically and pertinently, and we should not shout slogans aimlessly. The main contents include: (1) the relevant background of the study (the proposal of the subject): that is, what is the basis and inspiration of this study. ⑵ By analyzing the local (school) education and teaching practice, point out why we should study this topic, the value of the research and the problems to be solved.
(3) The history and present situation of this thesis at home and abroad (literature review).
It should be standardized, and minor items can be omitted. Generally, it includes: mastering the breadth, depth and achievements of its research; Look for the problems that need further study, so as to determine the research platform (starting point), research characteristics or breakthrough point of this topic.
(D) The guiding ideology of the thesis research
The guiding ideology is what direction should be adhered to and what requirements should be met on a macro level. This direction or requirement can be philosophy, political theory, educational development planning, and guiding opinions on research issues.
(E) the goal of writing a thesis
The goal of thesis writing is the specific goal to be achieved at the end of the project, and what specific problems to be solved is the predetermined goal of this thesis: namely, the goal orientation of this thesis writing, the goal should be closely related to the project, and the words should be accurate, concise and clear.
Common problems are: not writing research objectives; The target deduction is not strict; The target word is inaccurate; The goal is set too high, and the predetermined goal has not been studied or can not be studied.
When determining the goal of thesis writing, on the one hand, we should consider the requirements of the subject itself, on the other hand, we should examine the actual working conditions and work level.
(6) The basic content of the paper.
The research content should be more specific and clear. And a goal may be achieved through several aspects of research, which are not necessarily one-to-one correspondence. When determining the research content, people often don't consider it very specifically. The research content of writing is particularly general and vague, and the purpose and significance of writing are taken as the research content.
The basic contents generally include: (1) the definition of the topic of the paper. Three points should be clarified as far as possible: research object, research problem and research method. ⑵ Definition of theories, nouns, terms and concepts related to this writing.
(7) Writing methods of papers
Specific writing methods can be selected from the following methods: observation, investigation, experiment, experience summary, case study, comparative study, literature and so on.
(eight) the steps of thesis writing
The steps of thesis writing are also the arrangement of the time and order of thesis writing. The steps of writing a thesis should fully consider the relationship and difficulty of the research content. Generally speaking, it starts with the basic problems and is carried out in stages. When each stage starts and ends, there must be rules. The main steps and time schedule of the study include: what stages are the whole study divided into; I hope I can help you with the start and end time of each stage. Master's opening report and thesis writing are our specialties, and our service features: supporting Alipay transactions and ensuring the safety of your funds. Three service modes and multiple reviews of articles ensure the quality of articles. Attached is a plagiarism detection report for your safe use. Infinite revisions, even the teacher who makes things difficult can pass.
1. Title: accurate, concise, eye-catching and novel.
2. Table of Contents: A table of contents is a brief list of main paragraphs in a paper. (Essays don't need to be listed in the table of contents)
3. Abstract: It is an excerpt from the main content of the article, which requires short and pithy content. The number of words can be as few as dozens, and it is advisable not to exceed 300 words.
4. Keywords or subject words: keywords are selected from the title, abstract and text of the paper, and are words with substantive significance to express the central content of the paper. Keys ... >>
Question 8: How to write the basis of graduation thesis? The basis of the topic selection includes: the subject nature, theoretical significance and practical significance of the topic selection; Analysis of domestic research status. The research plan includes: research content, problems that need to be broken through in the research, research methods to be adopted, characteristics and innovations, and references related to the topic selection.
Fill in the details yourself! ~
Question 9: I don't know how to write the graduation design topic. It doesn't matter. I can help you with your paper.
1. Argument (what to prove) Argument should be a complete expression of the author's point of view and a complete, concise and clear sentence in form. Judging from the full text, it will be able to control the full text. The form of expression is often a judgment sentence expressing affirmation or negation, and it is a clear statement sentence.
A. grasp the argument of the article. Only one central argument (command sub-argument) (1) is clear: there can be n sub-arguments (to supplement and prove the central argument).
⑵ Method ① Find from the location: such as title, beginning, middle and end. ② Analyze the arguments of the article. (It can be used to test whether the expected argument is appropriate) ③ Abstract method (only argument is divided, regardless of the central argument)
B. analyze how the argument is put forward: ① summarize the argument after putting facts and reasoning; ② Cut to the chase and put forward the central argument; (3) Propose topics according to the phenomena existing in life, and summarize the central arguments through analysis and discussion; (4) Summarize the central argument after describing the author's experience; ⑤ The author puts forward questions from the story, then gradually analyzes and infers, and finally draws a conclusion and puts forward the central argument.
2. Argument (with what proof) (1) Argument type: (1) Fact argument (summarize after giving examples, and strictly summarize arguments); (2) argument (quote famous words to analyze).
(2) The arguments should be true, reliable and typical (subject matter, country, ancient and modern, etc.). ). (3) Sequential arrangement (reference argument); (4) judging whether the argument can prove the argument; 5] Supplementary arguments (proof arguments).
3, argument (how to prove)
(1) demonstration method (must be four words) (1) illustration (example method) narrative of factual arguments (2) reasoning (introduction method and reasoning method) demonstration of rational arguments.
(3) Comparative argument (itself can also be example argument and reason argument) (4) Metaphor argument Metaphor is a metaphor in expository writing and a metaphor in prose.
⑵ Analysis and demonstration process: ① How the demonstration was put forward; (2) How the argument is proved (which truths and facts are used, and whether there are positive and negative analysis and reasoning); (3) Contact the structure of the full text, whether there is an abstract.
(3) Integrity of argument (A: Make the argument more comprehensive and complete, and avoid misunderstanding)
(4) The function of analysis and argumentation: to prove the argument in this paragraph.
4. The structure of argumentative paper (1) General form: ① Introduction (raising questions) DDD 2 theory (analyzing problems) DDD 3 conclusion (solving problems).
⑵ Type: ① Parallel type ② Total score formula ③ Total score formula ④ Total score formula ⑤ Progressive type.
6, refute the reading of the paper
(1) What is the wrong viewpoint that the author wants to refute?
(2) How does the author refute it, and what reasons and arguments are used;
(3) From this, what is the correct view established by the author?
Question 10: How to write the meaning and requirements of graduation thesis? Kneeling for the meaning of the topic and the problems needing attention. The so-called topic selection, as its name implies, is to choose the topic of graduation thesis, that is, to select and determine the problems to be studied and demonstrated before writing the thesis. When discussing the topic, we should first make clear the three concepts of topic, topic and topic. These three are all academic problems of a certain discipline, but they are different. First of all, the topic is different from the topic. A subject usually refers to a major scientific research project of a certain discipline, and its research scope is much larger than the subject. For example, the construction of socialist spiritual civilization is a big topic, including many topics, such as the position and function of spiritual civilization, the content and characteristics of spiritual civilization, the relationship between spiritual civilization and material civilization, the development of culture, education and science in spiritual civilization, and the construction of ideological morality. Secondly, the topic is different from the topic. Topic refers to the title of the paper, and its research scope is generally smaller than the topic. For example, if the author chooses the topic of ideological and political work in enterprises, he can choose many specific topics to write his paper: the characteristics of ideological and political work in enterprises in the new period, the problems existing in the construction of party organizations in foreign-funded enterprises, the guiding principles of ideological and political work in enterprises, and the ideological and political work should grasp people's ideological laws and so on. Correct and appropriate topic selection is of great significance to writing graduation thesis. By selecting the topic, we can roughly see the author's research direction and academic level. Einstein once said that in the face of science, "it is often more important to ask questions than to solve them". Asking questions is the first step to solve problems. Choosing the right topic is equivalent to completing half of the thesis writing. Choosing a good topic can play a multiplier role. First, the topic selection can determine the blessing value and utility of graduation thesis. Of course, the achievement and value of graduation thesis will be evaluated by the final completion and objective utility of the article. But the topic selection plays an important role in it. Choosing a topic is not only a process of setting a topic and simply defining the scope for the article, but also a process of early scientific research. Choosing a good topic requires the author's thinking, comparison, deliberation and careful planning. Once the topic is selected, it shows that the outline of the paper has been roughly formed in the author's mind. As Zhang Shiying, a famous philosopher in China, said, "It is not easy to ask a decent question, but it is a very important thing. It is not easy to say it, because the problem itself needs to be studied; It is impossible for a person who does not study a certain line to ask questions about a certain line. Just because raising a decent question requires a research process, we can also say that the question has been raised honorably, and the content and value of this article are somewhat. This is the importance of the topic. " (Quoted from How to Write Academic Papers, Wang Li, Zhu Guangqian, etc. Page 59) The topic of the paper is meaningful and the paper written is valuable. If the topic is meaningless, even with great efforts, no matter how good the structure and language of the article are, it will not have positive effects and functions. Second, the topic can make an estimate of the article in advance. A good graduation thesis topic can make a basic estimate of the article in advance. This is because, before determining the topic, the author always has to contact, collect, sort out and study a large number of materials, and determine his own research direction from the analysis and selection of materials to the topic selection. In this research process, the object reflected by objective things or materials constantly collides with the author's thinking movement, resulting in * * * sound. It is in this contradictory movement of unity of opposites that the author has a spark and leap in understanding. This leap must contain reasonable elements, or own unique views, or deepen existing conclusions, or refute different views, and so on. In a word, this leap and ideological spark is an important ideological basis for the graduation thesis to be written. For example, Zhou Jianping, the author of the article entitled "The Method and Artistic Analysis of Leadership Highlighting Work Priorities" included in Chapter 12 of this book, has been engaged in party and government leadership for a long time, and has served as secretary of the township party committee, secretary of the district party committee, deputy director of the organization department of the county party committee, director of the county labor and personnel bureau and director of the county finance and taxation bureau. In his work practice, he deeply realized that leading cadres have several jobs and their jobs should change frequently. The jurisdiction of township work is not large, but "the sparrow is small and complete", with a needle above and a line below, everything must be managed. As the leader of the county government department, although the function is relatively simple, the line is long and the scope is wide. As the main leader, how to effectively lead the work of this region and this department, here is a ... >; & gt