12 days of metalworking practice is over. In a short time, I completely experienced the methods commonly used in today's industry. Generally speaking, this internship is an interesting and important practical experience, which will definitely affect my future study and work.

Metalworking Practice is a highly practical technical basic course, and it is an important compulsory course for engineering students to learn the basic process methods and technologies of mechanical manufacturing and complete the basic engineering training. Metalworking practice can not only enable us to acquire the basic knowledge of mechanical manufacturing and understand the general operation of mechanical manufacturing, but also improve our operating skills and hands-on ability, strengthen the exercise of integrating theory with practice, improve our engineering practice ability and cultivate our engineering quality. Metalworking practice is a good opportunity for us to study and exercise. I learned a lot through this short and substantial internship. ...

In these short weeks, everyone has to learn a new technology every day. In a short internship time, we have completed the process from knowing nothing about all kinds of work to making a finished product. Under the patient and meticulous guidance of teachers, we successfully completed their respective internship contents, basically met the teachers' expected internship requirements, and successfully completed the internship. During the internship, we made our own workpieces by learning the operation of lathe workers and locksmiths. Although the metalworking practice in recent weeks is a great test for us, we are all ecstatic about seeing the workpieces made in the workshop for the first time in our lives and feel very fulfilled.

Metalworking practice, safety first, this is the first advice that every teacher gives us. Metalworking practice is an effective way to cultivate students' practical ability, and it is also a very important and meaningful practical course for our engineering students. It is also an opportunity for us to leave the rigorous environment of the classroom, feel the atmosphere of the workshop and master the knowledge ourselves.

1, casting practice

The first day's metalworking practice is sand digging and casting, which is a production method of pouring liquid metal into a mold and obtaining castings after the metal cools and solidifies. This is not an easy job. We need to use our brains to turn those special sands into the molds we want. This requires not only our physical strength, but also our patience and care, and we must not be careless.

After the teacher explained some basic operations, let's do it ourselves. Let's start with the most basic model. In the most basic practice, we learned the basic process and method of casting, which laid a good foundation for us to make more complicated molds in the future. Sand digging casting seems to be a simple four-step process: making sand mold, making sand mold, punching holes, unpacking, drawing mold and closing mold, but it is impossible to make a mold that surprises everyone without repeated trimming. After laying the parting sand, don't blow it away with your head down to avoid dust entering your eyes. The overturned sand mold should be placed in a unified position to avoid cracking or damage at the top. When burying the model in the sand mold, you can't slam it with a hammer to avoid damaging the appearance. When making wooden models, technical requirements such as draft angle, machining allowance, shrinkage allowance, parting surface and gating system should be considered. In practice, any small mistake may lead to defective products and great waste. Sometimes because of your little repair, you will give up all your efforts and regret it.

2, understand the mechanical equipment

The next day, the intern teacher just familiarized us with the structure, working principle, basic operation and basic functions of lathe, forging, grinding machine, milling machine and other mechanical equipment, and then let us practice in the future. Through the teacher's explanation, I am familiar with the composition, installation and sharpening of ordinary turning tools, and understand the main angles and functions of turning tools, the performance and requirements of cutting certain materials, common tool materials, common workpiece clamping methods, characteristics and applications, the types and methods of common measuring tools, and the turning methods and means of turning excircles, end faces, inner holes, drilling holes, threads, grooves, breaks, conical surfaces and forming surfaces.

For example, when using a grinding machine, the head should not be too close to the grinding wheel to prevent chips from flying into the eyes. When grinding cast iron, wear protective glasses, do not touch or measure the workpiece being cut by hand, do not directly remove the chips by hand, and use a brush or special tool to remove them. It is forbidden to stop the rotating grinding wheel and workpiece by hand. Before starting the machine, check whether the grinding wheel is normal and cracked, and check whether the workpiece is firmly installed and the handle position is correct. Before starting the milling machine, it is necessary to check whether the transmission parts and lubrication system of the milling machine are normal, whether the operating handle is correct, and whether the workpiece, fixture and cutter are firmly clamped. , and check whether there are obstacles around before normal use. When changing the speed, changing the milling cutter, loading and unloading the workpiece, changing the feed or measuring the workpiece, it must stop. When replacing the milling cutter, carefully check whether the cutter is firmly clamped, and be careful not to be cut by the cutting edge of the milling cutter. When milling, it is necessary to choose the appropriate tool rotation direction and workpiece feed direction, and the cutting speed, cutting depth and feed speed should be appropriate. Use an iron hook or brush to clean up the iron filings. You can't pull them by hand or blow them with your mouth. Burrs after work and machining should be clamped in a vice and leveled with a file. Be careful of cutting your hand with burrs. When milling gears, you must wait for the milling cutter to leave the workpiece completely before turning the indexing head handle.

The practice of turning, forging, grinding and milling is one of the necessary ways of cutting technology, which can cultivate our observation ability and hands-on ability, broaden our horizons and effectively combine the theoretical knowledge we usually study with operation practice.

3, fitter practice

The fitter mainly relies on manual operation and uses various tools to complete the processing, assembly and repair of parts. Compared with machining, it has high labor intensity and low production efficiency, but it can complete the work that machining is inconvenient or difficult to complete, and the equipment is simple, so it is still an indispensable and important type of work in mechanical manufacturing and repair. In locksmith's practice, we know that the main contents of locksmith are scraping, drilling, tapping, sawing, filing, assembly and marking. We know the structure, classification, selection, filing posture, filing method and quality inspection of file, and understand the position and important role of locksmith in machine manufacturing and equipment maintenance.

In practice, we are already familiar with and able to choose processing tools and fixtures such as marking, sawing, filing, drilling, reaming, sinking, tapping, scraping, assembling and disassembling, and have mastered the main basic operations of locksmith. According to the simple part drawing, we can file, saw, drill, mark, tap and socket the workpiece. First of all, we must get the right gear. It is the key to keep the file moving in a straight line when filing the plane. There are two kinds of filing force: horizontal thrust and vertical pressure. When the file is pushed forward, the front hand pressure gradually decreases, and then the back hand pressure decreases. When the file is pushed to the middle position, the pressure on both hands is the same. When pushing the file forward, the front hand pressure gradually decreases and then increases. When the file returns, no pressure is applied, so that our filing is relatively simple, and then scraping, grinding, drilling, reaming and tapping are carried out.

To tell the truth, the fitter's internship is boring and very tired. He may have been doing the same thing all morning, but he still needs strength and accuracy. There should be no big error according to the drawing size.

4, welder practice

Welding is a method of connecting two workpieces by using heat energy or pressure, or both, with or without filler. Welding types include brazing, oxygen-acetylene welding, CO2 shielded welding, argon arc welding and manual arc welding. In the welding practice, we learned the essence of welding, the composition and function of gas welding equipment, the structure of tools, the types of gas welding flame, the adjustment method and application, the role of welding wire and flux, and learned how to choose the type of covered electrode and how to operate the welding machine. Arc light contains a lot of ultraviolet and infrared rays and strong visible light, which is irritating to eyes and skin. We should prevent arc light from burning and scalding our eyes and skin. Do not touch the welded workpiece by hand. When tapping welding slag, use proper force and pay attention to the direction. Before work, check whether the grounding of the welding machine is good and whether the electrode holder is in good condition to prevent electric shock. Do not put the electrode holder on the workpiece or workbench to prevent short circuit from burning the welding machine.

For electric welding, although it is not strange at all, it is really the first time to operate by hand. Due to the particularity of electric welding, you must wear a protective mask to protect your eyes when operating. Although dry welding looks dangerous, as long as you follow the basic operation taught by the teacher, you can quickly master the essentials of electric welding.

5, lathe work practice

The next internship is the lathe worker's internship, and the lathe worker has high requirements for manual operation ability. Through the teacher's explanation, we learned about the types of turning tools, commonly used tool materials, the basic performance of tool materials, the composition and main geometric angles of turning tools, and the function and structure of lathes. Finally, the teacher showed us how to operate the lathe, made a wooden model, and then let us start our own independent practice. Although the operation technology is not very skilled, after several days of turning practice, we finally finished the practice independently.

You can't touch the surface of the workpiece with your hands when the lathe is running. It is forbidden to wipe the rotating workpiece with cotton yarn or stop the rotating chuck by hand. When clamping the workpiece with the tip, the tip should be completely consistent with the central hole, and the damaged or skewed tip should not be used. Before use, the top and center hole should be wiped clean, and the tailstock top should be firmly supported. When grinding the surface of the workpiece with emery cloth, move the tool to a safe place, and clothes and hands shall not touch the surface of the workpiece. When processing the inner hole, you can't hold the abrasive cloth with your fingers, but use a wooden stick instead, and the speed should not be too fast. It is forbidden to put tools, fixtures or workpieces directly on the lathe bed and the spindle gear box. You must concentrate on your work, and pay attention to the fact that your head, hands, body and clothes can't get close to rotating parts, such as workpieces, pulleys, belts and gears.

Through the lathe practice, we are familiar with the basic knowledge of lathe and lathe technology, master certain basic operation skills, initially be able to use and operate the lathe correctly, and also enhance our hands-on ability and ability to analyze and solve problems.

6, numerical control practice

The last practice is the operation of CNC lathe, which is to control the lathe to process through programming. CNC machine tools are the product of the comprehensive application of high and new technologies such as computer, automatic control, automatic detection and precision machinery. It is a typical mechatronics processing equipment with high technical density and high degree of automation. Compared with ordinary machine tools, its advantages are obvious. It not only has high machining precision of parts and stable product quality, but also has a high degree of automation, which can reduce the physical labor intensity of workers and greatly improve production efficiency. As long as the correct program is input, the lathe will perform the corresponding operation. Through the operation and programming of CNC lathe, we deeply feel the convenience, accuracy and quickness of digital control. Through numerical control practice, understand the concepts of numerical control machine tools and numerical control machining, and master the programming content of numerical control machine tools. Numerical control practice enables us to have some basic knowledge of numerical control machining, to basically understand and program simple numerical control operation machining, and to preliminarily master the operation and maintenance of numerical control machine tools.

We have been honed by a series of work such as casting, fitter, welder, lathe worker and numerical control. Each job has different operating essentials and requirements, and the degree of difficulty is also different. During this period, we spent some time in the internship, and some basic skills we learned will also be beneficial to our future development.

Although we don't have much knowledge, we understand that we still have many skills to learn and master through this internship. If we don't often take part in this kind of internship, I'm afraid it will be difficult for us college students to find jobs in the future. Society needs talents, what society needs is capable talents, and what it needs is technical talents with hands-on ability. Only when we college students take part in more internship practice can we ensure our position in the future social competition. Metalworking practice is not only a compulsory course, but also a challenge and opportunity for us students who have no actual production experience.

It is impossible for us to fully grasp the technical operation of all types of work during the internship, but at least we know some general processes of mechanical manufacturing and are familiar with the common processing methods of mechanical parts. We should have the ability to choose processing methods, analyze processing and formulate process regulations. We should be glad to have such an opportunity to do such an internship. Through this metalworking internship, we have learned a lot.

1. Through this internship, we have learned about the production mode and technological process of modern machinery manufacturing industry, and are familiar with the main molding methods and processing methods of engineering materials, the working principles and typical structures of the main equipment used, the use of fixtures and measuring tools and the safe operation technology. Understand the knowledge of mechanical manufacturing process and the application of new technologies, new processes and new equipment in mechanical manufacturing, and cultivate, improve and strengthen our engineering practice ability, innovation consciousness and innovation ability.

2. Have preliminary independent operation skills in the main molding and processing methods of engineering materials.

3. In the process of understanding, being familiar with and mastering certain engineering basic knowledge and operation skills, we have cultivated, improved and strengthened our engineering practice ability, innovation consciousness and innovation ability. It plays a comprehensive training role in cultivating our engineering quality and engineering ability, so that we should not only master the requirements of each type of work, but also establish a relatively complete system concept, which requires us to learn the basic process knowledge of each type of work, understand the equipment principle and working process, strengthen the training of practical ability, and have the ability to analyze and solve simple process problems by using the learned process knowledge.

4. Metalworking practice exercises us and improves our overall comprehensive quality, which not only makes us have a deeper understanding of the significance of metalworking practice, but also improves our practical ability, which enables us to better combine theory with practice and consolidate our knowledge.

5. Cultivate and exercise the concept of labor, quality and economy, enhance the awareness of observing labor discipline, safety technical regulations and caring for state property, and improve the overall comprehensive quality.

6. In the whole practice process, we have strict discipline requirements, formulated the rules for students' practice, and strengthened the requirements of filling in the practice report, cleaning the machine tool site, and observing the safety operation rules of various types of work, which has played a good role in promoting the cultivation of students' comprehensive engineering quality.

7. During the internship, everyone helped each other, learned from each other, learned to unite and cooperate, and enhanced the friendship between classmates.

8. The work results during the internship make us feel a sense of pride and accomplishment, which is difficult to express in words.

Metalworking practice makes us feel the pain and happiness of being a worker for a long time in the classroom, and also tests our knowledge. Metalworking practice makes me deeply understand the meaning of life, and practice is the test standard of truth. Through metalworking practice, I learned a lot of common sense and honed my will, which is another valuable asset in my college life and will have a great impact on my future study and work.

To sum up, although what we have learned in the ten-day internship is only skin deep, everything has a process, and what we have learned is the basic foundation.

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