Simple and effective fast memory method
1. List memory method
A method of arranging memorized materials or things into tables for comparison and memory. This method can be widely applied to the memory of all kinds of knowledge. The function of the table is to outline the things listed on the surface, so as to see things clearly; You can organize scattered and fragmentary materials to master the memory object as a whole; You can compare and classify the materials you want to remember with each other, so as to see the characteristics of the connection and difference between the contents of the list more clearly and remember the objects from the characteristics; You can also sort out and systematically combine the materials you have learned successively, and master the memory objects from the rules. Therefore, the list memory method has been widely used since ancient times and has a good memory effect.
Sima Qian used ten tables in historical records such as Chronicle of Three Generations and Chronicle of Twelve Governors to facilitate comparative memory. Marx made a very detailed chronology of world history in his later years, and Engels named it chronicle to organize scattered materials and facilitate memory. Lu Xun made a list of Jia's genealogy, which made the complicated relationships of many Jia characters in A Dream of Red Mansions clear at a glance and easy to remember. Many students are good at listing relevant materials and memorizing them together in the learning process, which has achieved good results.
2. Disturbance variables to stimulate memory methods
When learning and remembering, the negative factors that distract attention and hinder normal memory function are transformed into inducers to stimulate memory, so as to break through the obstacles in memory and enhance the memory effect. This method is mostly used in self-study and other easily disturbed environments.
Memory may not be a happy thing for most people, because memory will increase the workload of the brain, which is very hard. Whenever the brain begins to remember, it often involuntarily emerges what it prefers to do, causing distraction and hindering normal memory. These interference factors add another layer of difficulty to memory, so we need to eliminate these interference. It is wise and clever to turn negative factors into positive factors, use these distractions as inducers to stimulate memory, and turn resistance into motivation to achieve the purpose of enhancing memory.
If you want to have a tea break, eat a piece of chocolate and go for a walk while studying memory, you might as well take these distractions as prizes after achieving a certain memory goal. When you finish a period of study and reach a memory goal, you can have a tea break, and when you reach the second goal, reward yourself with a chocolate. Although this is not a noble performance, it seems to be a trick to coax children, but in fact it has amazing memory effect.
3. Abbreviation mnemonic method
In the materials to be memorized, abbreviations are condensed and summarized as hints, thus achieving the method of memorizing abbreviations and contents. Abbreviation can simplify and summarize the contents of memory and reduce the burden on the brain; Abbreviations are suggestive and can be linked to what they summarize through the intermediary of remembering abbreviations.
For example, when studying the "oxidation-reduction" reaction in chemistry, it is very important to understand the relationship between electron gain and loss and "oxidation-reduction" and judge what substances are oxidants and reductants. This knowledge can be summarized by the abbreviation of "losing-oxygen-returning": losing electrons-the oxidized substance is the reducing agent. This abbreviation plays a good role in prompting and is very helpful to obtain better memory effect.
This memory method is widely used in daily language and publicity activities because of its simplicity, labor-saving and high efficiency. For example, industrial modernization, agricultural modernization, scientific and technological modernization and national defense modernization are summarized as "four modernizations", and newcomers with ideals, morality, education and discipline are summarized as "four newcomers".
4. General memory method
The mnemonic method of refining the recording materials and grasping the key parts. This method is mostly used to remember more complicated knowledge. Summarizing materials requires active thinking activities, and after thorough thinking, the essence is refined. This process will deepen the understanding of materials, improve the understanding of materials, make oneself grasp materials from the height of abstract thinking, and sum up a "crystal", which is concise and representative, easy to associate with the original knowledge in the mind and easy to remember. After summarizing the materials, the quantity is greatly reduced and the quality is doubled, which will significantly improve the memory efficiency.
There are many forms of generalized memory:
① Theme generalization. A material always has a theme. If you summarize its central theme, you can grasp the main points and remember all its contents.
(2) Summary of contents. Choose keywords and grasp the outline. For example, the content of the well-field system can be simplified as "Jun has, Hou uses, slave cultivates, well-shaped". You just need to remember and add more leaves.
③ Short name of generalization. Give new simplified names to longer nouns and concepts.
④ Sequence generalization. Summarize the memory materials in the original order, emphasizing the order when remembering. For example, the content of Wang Anshi's political reform can be summarized in turn as "one green (young crops law), two support (service law), agriculture, countryside and farmers (farmland water conservancy law), four borders (farmland tax law) and five guarantees (Jiabao law)."
⑤ Digit generalization. Summarize the contents of memory materials with numbers. Such as "three disciplines and eight attentions", "four persistences" and so on.
Naturally, these methods are not always clear at a glance, and many times the comprehensive application is much better than the single use of memory.
5. Strip memory method
For complex memory content, extract concise key provisions and realize the memory of these contents by arranging clear provisions. This method is mostly used to remember complex materials. Human memory is not a simple accumulation, but a network of concepts and principles stored in memory. For complex memory objects, simple repetition and mechanical recitation often get twice the result with half the effort. The most effective way is to organize these contents and extract the main provisions, which can not only reduce the burden on the brain, but also string together the specific contents through the outline of the provisions to achieve the purpose of clear memory.
For example, historical materialism says that people are the creators of history, and it states many reasons. When memorizing this part of the content, we can adopt a line-by-line method to extract the main points from the complicated content: "The people are the creators of social material wealth, social spiritual wealth and the decisive force of social change." By sorting out the framework of the article and stringing together the specific contents, we can realize the accurate and clear memory of this complex content.
6. System storage method
A method of memorizing according to the consistent order and sequence of the memory objects themselves. This method is especially suitable for materials with complex memories. Everyone has this experience: scattered, chaotic and fragmented knowledge is not easy to remember, not much to remember, and it will not last long; Organized and systematic knowledge is not difficult to remember and will last for a long time. This is because the process of memory is the process of information input, coding, storage and extraction, and the human brain does not passively accept information. If learners only pay attention to inputting information into the brain and neglect the classification and cataloging of these information, then the acquired knowledge is chaotic and not conducive to memory.
The condition of high memory efficiency is that the input information is classified and coded to form a system, so that the information received by the brain will form a system of mutual fusion and temporary neural connection, so that every memory trace is connected with an "iron ring" and it is not easy to forget. The information chain formed in the brain can create favorable conditions for association. Once forgotten, it is easy to recall. Using systematic memory method, it is required to find out the internal relationship and order of memory objects, and then send them to the brain after classification and cataloging, so that the memory will be clear and accurate and easy to be accepted by the brain.
If you want to remember the following words 10: scientist, green, dog, mother, bike, engineer, blue, car, father, cat. It can be summarized as: professional scientists and engineers, parents of relatives, green and blue, bicycles and cars of transportation, cats and dogs of animals. Then input it into the brain according to the cataloging system, and the memory will be strong, accurate, clear and firm.
Scientific quick memory method
1. Vein memory method
When learning the scientific knowledge of the memory system, we should grasp the general situation and context of the knowledge system through the catalogue and outline, so as to control the scattered knowledge points. This method is mostly used to memorize the contents of comparison systems. Learning every subject requires memorizing a lot of content. If we only memorize these concepts and principles in the order of content, membership dues are time-consuming and laborious, and they are easy to be omitted and confused.
Using the method of contextual memory, fuzzy memory objects can be systematized, the whole knowledge can be easily mastered, and the fragments can be located in the system, which is not only helpful for memory, but also can successfully recall the contents of each part through context. In this way, the book catalogue will not be used as an auxiliary tool to find the page number, but as a context, which should be memorized so that you can see the contents of the book at a glance when you think about the catalogue.
In addition, according to the content, outline and other contexts, we can also determine the progress of learning and memory, so that the contents of memory before and after can be linked in our minds. You can also use the chapters in the table of contents as an outline for discussing problems. After reading the catalogue, you can think of the content and finally achieve the goal of conquering the whole book.
2. Cross memory method
Methods of memorizing objects in various horizontal and vertical relationships. The internal relations of things are vertical and horizontal. If we can find these connections in memory, we can deepen our understanding of the contents of memory and put them into the network of knowledge and record them in our minds. Moreover, with the help of vertical and horizontal connections, it is convenient to recall these contents through association, which can produce a comprehensive memory effect.
For example, historical figures should be grasped not only from the vertical dynasty sequence of their own development history, but also from the cross-section of that era in connection with people and events in other countries. This is not only helpful to remember the history of our country, but also easy to firmly remember the historical relations among countries in the contemporary world.
For another example, there are many kings in Europe whose names are Charlie. It takes a lot of brains to remember their life experiences and deeds. If we can compare them horizontally and examine them vertically, it will be easy to understand their differences and make them clear one by one, and the related matters in the horizontal direction will be clear.
3. Remembering methods to correct mistakes
Learn from your own or others' mistakes, learn from the process of correcting mistakes, and remember knowledge accurately in the process of correcting mistakes.
"The king of invention" Edison said, "Failure is what I need. It is as valuable to me as success. " British psychologist Bartley also said: "The only criterion for measuring intellectual skills may be the speed of discovering and rejecting fallacies." Mistakes teach a profound lesson. Through error correction, we can establish correct understanding and memory, and through error correction, we can accurately remember knowledge, which is equivalent to claiming compensation for mistakes. The lessons of mistakes can attract people's attention, and correcting mistakes can leave a deep impression on the correct knowledge in the brain.
The method of correcting mistakes needs careful analysis and thinking, and deeply excavates the root causes of mistakes, so as to deepen the understanding and memory of correct knowledge. Correcting mistakes must be serious and timely, not only to correct your own mistakes, but also to correct others' mistakes, so as to "correct mistakes again, and correct them again after being refined."
If students get a corrected paper or homework, they will laugh it off when they see a high score, throw it away when they see a low score, and take an irresponsible attitude towards mistakes, which is likely to make mistakes again and again. If we find out the cause of mistakes by correcting them, change the wrong memory, learn from them, stay alert in our own memory and avoid making mistakes again, then we can master knowledge correctly and greatly deepen our memory.
There was a pupil who knew how to find the triangle area in middle school, but he forgot to multiply the base by the height and then divide it by 2 when he was convenient to do the problem. This mistake made him regret it. He spoke for decades and remembered it clearly. Of course, he never made this mistake again. Some students correct their mistakes very seriously. Every time they hand out papers and homework, they write down their mistakes and make up a set of wrong questions. Add words to correct mistakes after mistakes to remind yourself to pay attention in the future. By doing so, he will never make the same mistake again and firmly remember the knowledge he missed.
4. Close your eyes and remember.
Close your eyes, cut off external visual stimuli, and recall or consolidate your memory according to existing appearances. When people can't remember the past materials, they often say "close your eyes and think about it". This is the method used. Close your eyes, cut off the external visual stimulation, and make people's spirit concentrate without interference. This concentration of spirit has an unexpected effect on memory, and it can show the appearance of the stimulus that has been accepted.
If you meet a familiar person, but can't remember where you met him/her for a while, close your eyes and meditate, and it is likely that you will reappear the scene of contact with him/her at once. When memorizing new materials, close your eyes and create a picture in the dark, and connect it with what you have memorized. You will also remember the memory object deeply in your mind because of your concentration and unique association. Moreover, once such a memory is recalled, once you close your eyes, the content and the created picture can emerge in front of you.
5. Take a nap after learning and remember.
After learning to remember, don't do anything else. Go to sleep immediately to keep your memory. This method is generally used to learn cultural knowledge. Sleep immediately after learning, so that memory is only disturbed by the information received before learning (proactive inhibition), but not by the knowledge learned later (proactive inhibition), so the memory effect is better.
German psychologists have done experiments and found that subjects can remember 56% of the materials they have learned without doing anything after study, while if they continue to do other things with their brains after study, they can only remember 26%. Some scientists believe that sleeping immediately after study can promote memory, because sleep is divided into several different stages. The first four hours of deep dreamless sleep will enhance people's memory, and the last four hours of dreamless sleep will inhibit people's memory. Others think that it is better to sleep for 4 hours before waking him up to study.
Effective fast memory skills
1. Differentiated difficulty memory method
The memory method of dividing the content to be memorized into different difficulty levels and marking it, and distributing the energy reasonably. Only when there is choice can there be concentration, only when there is concentration can there be prominence, and only when there is prominence can there be attention. When memorizing a lot of content, we should distinguish the difficulty levels, pay more attention to the difficult ones and spend less time on the easy ones, so that we can grasp the key points when reviewing and achieve a good memory effect.
The mark of difficulty level can also be colored, which is clear at a glance. For example, according to the use of traffic lights in traffic rules, some people use red to indicate danger and mark the most important parts that are easy to make mistakes and difficult to remember; Use yellow to indicate attention, indicating ambiguous parts; Use green to indicate safety, and mark the parts that are easy to remember. Using these three colors to mark the content and difficulty of memory in the book can not only stimulate the interest in reading with colors, but also allocate the energy reasonably to the content to be memorized, thus successfully achieving the purpose of memorizing knowledge.
2. Key memory method
Grasp the key points and focus on central memory. There must be a main peak in the majestic mountains; This book has nine chapters, but it won one chapter. To enhance memory, we must grasp the key points of memory. With the explosion of modern science, knowledge is increasing day by day, life is limited, and mind is limited, which also requires that we must grasp the focus of learning and memory. Einstein said, "Grasp those things that can lead to profundity and throw away other unnecessary things."
This is the "secret" that must be mastered in learning and memory. Grasping the key points can reduce the brain load and overcome the phenomenon of physiological overload inhibition; Can concentrate time and energy, full of charm, explore the essence, digest and absorb, so the memory efficiency is higher and the effect is better. Using this memory method, we need to make clear the goal of memory, handle the relationship between majors and be flexible.
3. Strong impression memory method
A method of consciously leaving a strong impression on yourself to enhance memory. This method is mostly used to remember the first contact. Memory maintenance is closely related to brain activity. The more excited the memory-related areas in the cerebral cortex are, the more inhibited the areas unrelated to memory are, thus making the attention more focused on the content to be memorized. Strong impression memory method is to create a strong impression by feeling strong information or amplifying weak information, so as to focus on the contents of these memories and try to understand and remember them, and obtain a clear and lasting memory effect.
If we learn the knowledge about population, we can know by consulting relevant information or calculating according to the existing data that if we continue to develop at the current rate, the per capita land area will be only 0.04 square meters by 2500, and the population will exceed the weight of the earth itself by 2800, which means that the population problem will be related to the survival of mankind. This will leave a strong impression on the brain, so that it can concentrate on thinking and remembering population problems, thus obtaining a good memory effect.
4. Clear goal memory method
Make clear the goal of memory before learning to remember, and give the brain a clear motivation to achieve the purpose of memory. In learning and memory, we should make clear the purpose of memory, set clear goals and give the brain clear driving force, which can improve the excitement of the cerebral cortex, consolidate the established temporary neural connections, leave a deep impression on the cerebral cortex and make the memory accurate and lasting. The goal of clear memory is not only a general requirement of "be sure to remember", but also how long it takes to prepare for memory and the accuracy of memory.
Psychologists conducted experiments on the effect of clarifying the purpose of memory: two groups of students read the same paper of 1400 words. The goal of the first group was to finish it in a limited time, then take a test and be told to take another test two weeks later; The second group was only told to finish the exam. The experimental results show that the scores of the two groups are almost the same, but the scores of the first group are significantly higher than those of the second group after two weeks. This experiment shows that it is much better to remember with a clear purpose than to remember after learning. In the process of learning, give yourself a memory goal. What you want to remember today must be memorized, which can double the memory effect.
5. Feature memory method
Observe and explore the outstanding features of the memory object, and realize accurate and clear memory with those obvious and unforgettable features. The actual content to remember is the characteristics of the object. Those similar things are easy to be confused and difficult to remember, because their respective characteristics are not fully explored. As long as you carefully observe, compare and analyze the similarities and differences in different situations, you can always find out the characteristics of the materials or things you want to remember and achieve the purpose of accurate memory. This method can be widely used to remember all objects, especially special objects in the same class.
For example, the Mongolian army destroyed gold in 1234, and the time sequence number is often used as the sequence number "1234". Grasping this feature, the age of Mongolian gold ruin will be simple and easy to remember. Another example is 1789 when the French Revolution broke out. In addition to the preceding "1", the following "789" is also a sequence number. According to this feature, it is also easy to remember. For another example, in 188 1 year, Russia forced the Qing government of China to sign the unequal Sino-Russian Ili Treaty. In the chronological number of "188 1", two "1" are outside and two "8" are in the middle, and the results are read from left to right and from right to left. According to this feature, it is easy to remember when the Sino-Russian Ili Treaty was signed.
Step by step memory method
According to the order of the original learning content, the method of accumulating step by step and memorizing one by one. Zhu, a scholar in the Southern Song Dynasty, said: "If you don't strive for progress, you dare not pursue it. If you don't get through this level, you won't dare to make up your mind. " It is said that the method of reading is step by step. For example, he said that if learning and memory are not gradual, especially if a hungry person breaks into a restaurant and sees a big bowl and a small bowl of fish cake, he can't wait to swallow it. Although he has a full stomach, he can't taste it, and even he is ill because of indigestion. This method of learning and memory will not have a good result. Good memory depends on the connection with the previous knowledge structure, and memory also needs its own foundation. Only by gradual progress and gradual accumulation can we achieve good results. Greedy for quick, often haste makes waste. According to the progressive memory method, you don't remember the front, and you are not in a hurry to remember the back. Just like building a house, every layer of foundation is firmly laid. If you build and remember on a solid foundation, you can build the house higher and higher, remember more knowledge, and achieve the purpose of learning and remembering.
1. Seven simple and effective memory methods
2. 12 Simple and effective memory method
3. The basic method of mnemonic super mnemonic.
4. Seven effective memory methods
5. The 10 method summarized by Wang Feng, a world memory master.